A heuristic design method for attitude stabilization of magnetic actuated satellites

In this paper a heuristic design strategy for stabilizing the satellite attitude has been proposed. It is assumed that the satellite is actuated by a set of mutually perpendicular magnetic coils. Using well-known Lyapunov direct stability method it is shown that the proposed controller causes to a global asymptotic stable system for all near polar orbits. The design procedure is based on analyzing of the conceptual effects of magnetic coils on the satellite attitude motion. Considering these effects lead to some intuitive results which determine the global stabilizing control law. The performance and robustness of the designed controller against actuators saturation and quantization error have been verified using a real-time-hardware–software in-loop (RTHSIL) simulation results. These results show that the global stability can be achieved although some disturbances and restrictions exist. This stabilizing controller can be simply combined with a linear explicit model predictive controller (EMPC) to achieve a full three-axis control law.     

一种耦合CFD修正的螺旋桨快速设计方法

基于叶素动量理论及涡流理论的螺旋桨快速设计方法，由于设计采用的叶素气动力与真实情况存在差异，设计的螺旋桨存在拉力偏差，且不能保证较高的效率。为解决此问题，采用螺旋桨数值模拟的结果对设计进行修正。假设桨叶叶素最大升阻比对应的气动力沿径向相同，可通过数值模拟结果反解该气动力，再根据所得气动力进行螺旋桨的重新设计，建立耦合CFD修正的螺旋桨快速设计方法。结果表明，对于太阳能无人机小型螺旋桨的设计，本文设计方法一方面能够较好地满足拉力要求，另一方面相比于传统设计方法螺旋桨效率可提高2.75%。在采用代理优化的方法对螺旋桨翼型进行优化后，相比于传统设计方法螺旋桨效率进一步提高了3.95%。且该方法只需进行少量的CFD计算即可，相比于直接采用数值模拟优化螺旋桨的弦长及扭转角分布，设计周期更短。     

惯测组合自标定测控单元设计与实现

惯测组合存在一定的性能保持期,传统使用方式是将惯测组合单独贮存并定期进行标定测试,且需要专用测试设备和测试场地。基于DSP控制器的惯组自标定测控单元采用了DSP控制、CAN通信协议设计、纠错容错处理以及工作模式识别等多项技术,为惯测组合实现快速自动化标定提供了新的解决方案,为灵活实现自标定流程编排和状态监测,缩短标定测试时间(由传统1.5h缩短至0.5h),以及实现武器系统免拆卸和一键式自动化测试提供了重要技术保障。     

Feedback control of boundary layer Tollmien-Schlichting waves using a simple model-based controller

The attenuation of spatially evolving instability Tollmien-Schlichting (T-S) waves in the boundary layer of a flat plate with zero pressure gradients using an active feedback control scheme is theoretically and numerically investigated. The boundary layer is excited artificially by various perturbations to create a three-dimensional field of instability waves. Arrays of actuators and sensors are distributed locally at the wall surface and connected together via a feedback controller. The key elements of this feedback control are the determination of the dynamic model of the flat plate boundary layer between the actuators and the sensors, and the design of the model-based feedback controller. The dynamic model is established based on the linear stability calculation which simulates the three-dimensional input-output behaviour of the boundary layer. To simplify the control problem, an uncoupled control mode of the dynamic model is made to capture only those dynamics that have greatest influences on the input-output behaviour. A Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller, i.e. a lead-lag compensator, combining with a standard Smith predictor is designed based on the system stability criterion and the specifications using frequency-response methods. Good performance of the feedback control with the uncoupled control mode is demonstrated by the large reduction of the three-dimensional disturbances in the boundary layer. This simple feedback control is realistic and competitive in a practical implementation of T-S wave cancellation using a limited number of localised sensors and actuators.     

Jet sweeping angle control by fluidic oscillators with master-slave designs

The fluidic oscillator is an instrument that can continuously generate a spatially sweeping jet entirely based on its internal geometry without any moving parts. However, the traditional fluidic oscillator has an inherent limitation, that is, the spreading angle cannot be controlled independently, rather by the jet volume flow rate and internal geometry. Accordingly, two types of fluidic oscillators based on the master-slave design are developed in current study to decouple this correlation. In both designs, the master layer inherits the similar oscillation mechanisms of a sweeping jet, and the slave layer resembles a steady jet channel. The difference between the two designs is that Design A has a short diverging exit in the slave layer, but Design B adds a long interaction chamber in the exit channel to intensify flow instability. The external flow fields and governing oscillation properties of these two designs are experimentally explored with time-resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), while the internal flow dynamics and driving oscillation mechanisms are numerically investigated. By fixing the total volume flow rate, the jet spreading angle of Design A can be increased smoothly from 0° to above 100° by increasing the proportion of master layer's flow rate from 0 to 100%. For Design B, the control authority of the master layer is significantly enhanced by adding the interaction chamber in the slave layer. In addition, the added chamber causes notable jet oscillation even when the master layer has none input.     

分段自适应PID控制器及其在航天产品真空热试验中的应用

文章在分析航天产品真空热试验时被控对象的特点及目前在温度控制方面存在的主要问题及难点的基础上,进行了极点配置自适应PID 控制器的设计,并通过2 次热真空试验验证了该控制方法的控制效果。结果表明,该PID 控制方法具有超调量小、适应性强且在过程中无需手动调节等优点,较好地解决了目前热真空试验中控制系统智能性差和超调量大的突出矛盾,极大地减轻了试验人员的值班强度。     

基于自抗扰的运载火箭主动减载控制技术

针对运载火箭穿越大风区的减载控制技术进行研究,首先对攻角反馈和加表反馈2种减载技术进行理论研究和仿真分析,得出2种方案对火箭减载都存在一定的局限性。因此引入自抗扰控制器(ADRC)技术并针对飞行减载控制对其进行改进,一方面通过状态观测器将误差补偿引入自抗扰回路;另一方面改进了自抗扰控制器中的控制律,并推导证明了新的控制律下自抗扰控制器抑制风载干扰的能力,给出了控制方程中增益的选择方法。最后以某型液体运载火箭为例在考虑其弹性振动和液体晃动条件下对比了几种方案的减载效果,仿真结果表明改进后的自抗扰控制器使飞控系统抗干扰能力增强,增大了控制律中增益选择范围,有效提高了运载火箭的减载效果,具有很强的工程应用价值。      

零角动量欠驱动航天器逆最优稳定控制律设计

研究轮控式零角动量欠驱动航天器姿态最优稳定控制问题。考虑到该类型航天器不存在定常光滑稳定控制律的特点,通过Lyapunov直接法和Backstepping方法设计了一种非线性不连续反馈控制律,同时得到控制Lyapunov函数（CLF）,并由此得到逆最优稳定控制律。该控制律可以避开求解Hamilton-Jacobi方程,最小化某一代价函数,同时具有扇形稳定裕度,对输入不确定性具有一定的鲁棒性。数学仿真结果表明,所设计的非线性不连续反馈控制律能够使姿态渐近稳定至平衡点,并具有最优性,以及在转动惯量存在不确定性时,扇形稳定裕度使系统具有一定的鲁棒性。     

基于极点配置的空间站角动量管理

针对惯性系下引力梯度力矩及其他干扰力矩引起控制力矩陀螺（CMG）角动量积累的问题,采用引力梯度力矩来平衡姿态,设计了基于极点配置的空间站角动量管理控制器。首先在惯性系下建立了空间站线性化模型,并分析了俯仰轴方向在惯性系角动量管理的不可行性。由此,将俯仰轴与滚动/偏航轴解耦,不约束俯仰轴方向的CMG角动量,将常值、1倍和2倍于轨道频率的扰动纳入状态方程以抑制其对俯仰轴姿态的影响。在滚动/偏航轴方向将常值扰动纳入状态方程中以抑制其对CMG角动量的影响;将1倍、2倍于轨道频率的扰动纳入到状态方程中以抑制其对姿态的影响。然后采用带极点配置的线性二次型（LQR）算法求解出反馈增益矩阵,该算法可以避免选取权重矩阵,并且根据系统性能要求即能将闭环极点配置到复平面虚轴左侧指定的区域。最后仿真结果验证了该算法的可行性。      

嫦娥五号飞行试验器服务舱环月期间的角动量管理

对环月地轨道环绕卫星所受重力梯度力矩进行了分析.在分析的基础上,利用在轨飞行数据得到卫星实际质量特性,并设计俯仰姿态偏置的方法,实现卫星重力梯度配平.通过嫦娥五号服务舱的实际在轨飞行,证明重力梯度配平方法可以降低星体所受重力梯度力矩,达到延长卸载周期的目的.