关于加大产业结构调整力度的思考

本文从我国产业结构调整的现状及存在的问题出发，针对一般加工产业生产能力过大，高水平的加工能力不足这一突出问题进行了原因分析，在此基础上，就我国加速优化产业结构的客观基础和可能，提出了关于加大产业结构调整力度的七点思考建议。     

基于非结构网格的不可压N-S方程多矩有限体积法

提出了一种基于三角形及四面体非结构网格的有限体积法(FVM),用以鲁棒且精确地求解不可压粘性流动问题。与传统的FVM方法仅将体积分平均值(VIA)作为计算变量的做法不同,本文提出的方法将VIA及点值(PV)同时作为计算变量并在每个迭代步进行计算更新。VIA以通量形式进行计算以确保数值守恒,PV可以通过控制方程的不同形式进行求解更新,无需守恒,因此可以采用非常高效的方法进行求解。将PV作为增加的变量使得紧致网格模板得以实现更高阶精度的重构,而且由此获得的数值模型对于非结构网格变得更鲁棒。本文针对二维/三维的三角形/四面体非结构网格提出了数值格式,给出了几个基准测试算例,验证了本文提出的数值方法在采用非结构网格求解不可压粘性流动问题时的精确性和鲁棒性。     

无波动,无自由参数的耗散差分格式（NND）在喷流计算中的应用

本文用文献[1]建立的无波动、无自由参数的耗散差分格式(NND格式),对无粘喷流流动进行了数值模拟,并就一典型的自由射流流动,与国外高精度、高分辨率的PLM差分格式(Piecewise-Linear Method)的计算结果和实验结果作了比较,得到了很一致的结果,且所用的计算时间少于PLM格式。     

基于响应面法的机翼气动/结构一体化优化设计研究

基于响应面法进行了机翼气动/结构一体化优化设计研究,流动控制方程为三维欧拉方程,采用有限体积法进行数值求解,应力和结构变形采用有限元方法计算,静气动弹性分析采用强耦合迭代方式,响应面模型采用二次多项式来构造.以跨音速M6机翼为初始机翼,进行了多目标、多约束情形下的气动/结构综合优化设计,优化后所得到的新机翼具有更佳的气动/结构综合性能,升阻比增加了9.25%,而重量减轻了4.84%;响应面模型精度满足设计要求,拟合误差均不超过1%;这说明本文所发展气动/结构综合优化设计方法是成功且有效的,具有广泛的应用前     

基于SAGWO算法的UCAVs动态协同任务分配

通过分析无人作战飞机（UCAV）优势概率和任务联合威胁以及定义任务时间,建立了以目标价值毁伤、编队损耗代价和时间消耗为性能指标的多无人作战飞机（UCAVs）多约束动态任务分配数学模型,采用改进的灰狼优化（GWO）算法对数学模型进行求解;针对基本GWO算法求解早熟的缺点,给出了自适应调整策略和跳出局部最优策略,引入了二次曲线控制方法;对UCAVs动态协同任务分配特点,设计了目标任务序列编码方式,提出了基于自适应GWO（SAGWO）算法的UCAVs多目标动态任务分配方法。从静态与动态2种情况分别对该方法进行仿真验证;仿真结果表明,该方法是有效的,相比较于其他算法,其优化过程快速精准。      

Space-Wise,Time-Wise,Torus and Rosborough Representations in Gravity Field Modelling

The decade of the geopotentials started July 2000 with the launch of the German high-low SST mission CHAMP. Together with the joint NASA-DLR low-low SST mission GRACE and the ESA gradiometry mission GOCE an unprecedented wealth of geopotential data becomes available over the next few years. Due to the sheer number of unknown gravity field parameters (up to 100 000) and of observations (millions), especially the latter two missions are highly demanding in terms of computational requirements. In this paper several modelling strategies are presented that are based on a semi-analytical approach. In this approach the set of normal equations becomes block-diagonal with maximum block-sizes smaller than the spherical harmonic degree of resolution. The block-diagonality leads to a rapid and powerful gravity field analysis tool. Beyond the more-or-less conventional space-wise and time-wise formulations, the torus approach and Rosborough's representation are discussed. A trade-off between pros and cons of each of the modelling strategies will be given. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

二维非结构网格的生成及其EULER方程解

 采用推进阵面法生成三角形非结构网格,用多重网格技术求解泊桑方程以取得结构背景网格.提出了一种高效的边界剖分法,并用它来生成初始阵面.另外,还提出了一种新颖的数据结构——数组链接表,用它来存贮网格数据.用有限体积法在非结构网格中求解了二维可压缩Euler方程,给出了单段翼型和多段翼型的算例,并与实验结果进行了比较和分析.     

基于统计能量分析进行声学优化设计的技术研究

阐述了用统计能量分析方法进行声、振环境预计的研究机理,为利用统计能量分析方法进行飞机舱内声学优化设计提供了探索的思路;论述了统计能量分析方法在民机舱内噪声分析上的应用优势和局限性。以某型号飞机客舱段为实例,建立了统计能量声学模型及加载,通过选择不同的飞机客舱壁板材料,进行客舱环境的声压级预计并分析预计结果,从而确定舱内声学设计优化方案。     

基于中弧线曲率控制的压气机叶型优化

为提高压气机叶型优化设计水平,基于中弧线曲率控制方法编写了压气机叶片造型程序,将中弧线曲率控制参数作为优化变量,结合粒子群寻优算法对传统可控扩散叶型(CDA)进行了优化研究。结果表明:基于中弧线曲率控制的叶片造型程序能够对CDA叶型进行较好的拟合,拟合叶型的气动性能与设计要求较符。优化叶型在设计点的总压损失降低了约6.34%,优化叶型总压损失随攻角变化较为平缓。在一定攻角范围内,叶型中弧线曲率峰值的前移能够将吸力面马赫数峰值前移,提高叶型吸力面的扩压能力,降低总压损失。在大攻角工况下,改进的中弧线曲率分布能够显著降低叶型总压损失。将中弧线曲率控制参数作为优化变量进行CDA叶型的优化是可行的。     

Strong geomagnetic activity forecast by neural networks under dominant southern orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field

The paper deals with the relation of the southern orientation of the north–south component _Bz$B_z$ of the interplanetary magnetic field to geomagnetic activity (GA) and subsequently a method is suggested of using the found facts to forecast potentially dangerous high GA. We have found that on a day with very high GA hourly averages of _Bz$B_z$ with a negative sign occur at least 16 times in typical cases. Since it is very difficult to estimate the orientation of _Bz$B_z$ in the immediate vicinity of the Earth one day or even a few days in advance, we have suggested using a neural-network model, which assumes the worse of the possibilities to forecast the danger of high GA – the dominant southern orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field. The input quantities of the proposed model were information about X-ray flares, type II and IV radio bursts as well as information about coronal mass ejections (CME). In comparing the GA forecasts with observations, we obtain values of the Hanssen–Kuiper skill score ranging from 0.463 to 0.727, which are usual values for similar forecasts of space weather. The proposed model provides forecasts of potentially dangerous high geomagnetic activity should the interplanetary CME (ICME), the originator of geomagnetic storms, hit the Earth under the most unfavorable configuration of cosmic magnetic fields. We cannot know in advance whether the unfavorable configuration is going to occur or not; we just know that it will occur with the probability of 31%.