Five-axis flank milling tool path generation with curvature continuity and smooth cutting force for pockets

In order to ensure machining stability, curvature continuity and smooth cutting force are very important so as to meet the constraints of both cutting force and kinematics of machine tools. For five-axis flank milling, it is difficult to meet both of the constraints because tool path points and tool axis vectors interact with each other. In this paper, multiple relationships between tool path points and tool axis vectors with cutting force and kinematics of machine tools are established, and the strategies of corner-looping milling and clothoidal spirals are combined so as to find feasible solutions under both of the constraints. Tool path parameters are iterated by considering the maximum cutting force and the feasible range of the tool axis vector, and eventually a curvature continuity five-axis flank milling tool path with smooth cutting force is generated. Machining experimental results show that the conditions of cutting force are satisfied, vibration during the process of machining is reduced, and the machining quality of the surface is improved.     

Predictive Modeling and Parameter Optimization of Cutting Forces During Orbital Drilling

To optimize cutting control parameters and provide scientific evidence for controlling cutting forces,cutting force modeling and cutting control parameter optimization are researched with one tool adopted to orbital drill holes in aluminum alloy 6061.Firstly,four cutting control parameters(tool rotation speed,tool revolution speed,axial feeding pitch and tool revolution radius)and affecting cutting forces are identified after orbital drilling kinematics analysis.Secondly,hybrid level orthogonal experiment method is utilized in modeling experiment.By nonlinear regression analysis,two quadratic prediction models for axial and radial forces are established,where the above four control parameters are used as input variables.Then,model accuracy and cutting control parameters are analyzed.Upon axial and radial forces models,two optimal combinations of cutting control parameters are obtained for processing a13mm hole,corresponding to the minimum axial force and the radial force respectively.Finally,each optimal combination is applied in verification experiment.The verification experiment results of cutting force are in good agreement with prediction model,which confirms accracy of the research method in practical production.     

钛合金TC9正交车铣加工表面粗糙度研究

首先建立了正交车铣工件已加工表面粗糙度的理论模型,分析了主要切削用量对工件表面粗糙度的影响规律。然后采用单因素试验法,进行了正交车铣TC9钛合金的切削试验,研究分析了正交车铣的主要切削用量(如铣刀与工件的转速比、轴向进给量、偏心量等)对已加工表面粗糙度的影响。试验研究表明,已加工表面粗糙度随转速比和偏心量的增加而降低,随轴向进给量的增加而增大;表面粗糙度Ra可以控制在1μm以内,因此正交车铣可以实现回转类零件的精加工。     

薄壁零件高速铣削动态切削力

通过微元铣削力与瞬时未变形切屑厚度之间的线性关系,提出了螺旋圆柱铣刀的瞬时切削力模型.在此基础上,采用两自由度弹性-阻尼系统,建立了适合薄壁零件的综合考虑刀具子系统和工件子系统动态特性的动态铣削力模型.最后通过实际测量数据与模型计算数据的对比,验证了提出的动态铣削力模型的有效性.     

水蒸气冷却润滑时高温合金的绿色切削试验

为实现高温合金用水蒸气作冷却润滑剂的绿色切削,研制了600~800 W的小型过热水蒸气发生器,并用YG 6硬质合金刀具对镍基高温合金GH 4169进行了单因素切削试验,效果明显:用水蒸气时,与干切、乳化液相比,主切削力分别减小了15%~20%和10%~15%,切削温度分别降低了20%~30%和10%~20%,并建立了切削力和切削温度的经验公式;变形系数也有减小;切屑多为螺卷屑。由于水蒸气分子直径远小于乳化液中水包油粒径,气态水分子容易进入刀-屑间的毛细管,故具有良好的冷却润滑性能。水蒸气可替代乳化液作冷却润滑剂,且来源广泛,又无污染,从而可实现高温合金的绿色切削。     

裁剪曲面的三轴铣削加工刀具轨迹的干涉处理

在分析国内外三坐标数控加工刀具轨迹干涉检查和消除算法的基础上,提出了一种适合于球头刀、平底刀和圆角刀的刀具轨迹干涉检查和消除的算法,该算法将刀具看成解析曲面,裁剪曲面由三角片逼近表示,将刀具轨迹干涉检查与消除的问题转化为刀具曲面与三角片的相关性测试.算法计算简单,并在超人CAD/CAM集成系统中得以实现.     

基于圆弧刀廓的端面滚切锥齿轮啮合接触分析

为改善端面滚切法加工的锥齿轮齿面接触质量,基于奥利康锥齿轮全展成加工方法,对直线刀廓圆弧修形及齿面啮合接触分析进行了研究.首先对圆弧刀廓进行了几何设计,推导出了刀齿切削刃方程.在建立锥齿轮端面滚切加工数学模型的基础上,推导出了被加工齿轮理论齿面方程.研究了刀廓圆弧修形对齿面形状的影响,利用数值方法计算出了齿面修形量.建立了考虑安装误差的齿轮副滚检数学模型,推导出了齿面接触分析简化算法.最后对采用圆弧刀廓加工的一对奥利康锥齿轮进行了啮合分析,结果表明,选取合理的圆弧刀廓半径对齿面修形可以降低边缘接触风险,降低对安装误差的敏感性,改善内对角接触,此外还可以实现对两齿面接触区进行独立修正.      

Elliptical vibration cutting of large-size thin-walled curved surface parts of pure iron by using diamond tool with active cutting edge shift

Large-size thin-walled curved surface parts of pure iron are crucial in aerospace, national defense, energy and precision physical experiments. However, the high machining accuracy and surface quality are difficult to achieve due to the serious tool wear and deformation when machining the parts with conventional cutting tools. In this paper, an elliptical vibration cutting (EVC) with active cutting edge shift (ACES) based on a long arbor vibration device is proposed for ultra-precision machining the pure iron parts by using diamond tool. Compared with cutting at a fixed cutting edge, the influence of ACES on the EVC was analyzed. Experiments in EVC of pure iron with ACES were conducted. The evolutions of the surface roughness, surface topography, and chip morphology with tool wear in EVC with ACES are revealed. The reasonable parameters of ultra-precision machining the pure iron parts by EVC with ACES were determined. It shows that the ACES has a slight influence on the machined surface roughness and surface topography. The diamond tool life can be significantly prolonged in EVC of pure iron with ACES than that with a fixed cutting edge, so that high profile accuracy and surface quality could be obtained even at higher nominal cutting speed. A typical thin-walled curved surface pure iron part with diameter ∅240 mm, height 122 mm, and wall thickness 2 mm was fabricated by the presented method, and its profile error and surface roughness achieved PV 2.2 μm and Ra less than 50 nm, respectively.     

数控加工中复杂轮廓环的等距干涉处理

复杂轮廓环的等距算法是ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统中重要的基本算法之一,该算法的完善与否决定着ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ系统的基本性能,许多研究人员针对这个问题提出了一若干有益的解决方案,但这睦算法的结果并不是特别理想,本文针对数控加工中复杂轮廓环的等距问题,提出了一种有效的环原始等距,原始等距后的环的自交处理算法,其基本思想是对复杂累廓环经原始等距的过渡后形成的复杂网状环进行拓扑关系的规整和判断,从而生成正确的等距结     

并联磨床加工螺旋槽的磨削参数设计

螺旋槽的加工是回转体刀具加工的重要组成部分,其形状参数(尤其是前角、槽深和槽宽)对刀具的切削过程有很大的影响.基于6-UPS并联机床,在分析并联机床加工工艺特性的基础上,按照螺旋槽加工中砂轮与刀具的相对运动关系,建立了螺旋槽加工运动的理论模型,对可能影响螺旋槽成形的因素进行了全面分析.进而建立了一个仿真模型,可以对所有的磨削参数进行快速的定量设计和优化,主要包括砂轮偏转角度、砂轮厚度、砂轮轴向平移位置和螺旋槽深度,并通过加工实验进行了验证.