基于最小二乘支持向量机的SAR平台定位

将SAR平台定位分解为粗略定位和精确定位两个阶段。首先,在SAR正侧视成像的条件 下,利用某个方位门内的所有控制点,采用非线性最小二乘平差粗略估计出SAR平台在该方 位时刻的空间位置,并从理论上推导了控制点的误差协方差矩阵到SAR平台定位的误差协方 差矩阵的传递规律。其次,利用各个方位时刻粗略估计的SAR平台位置,采用最小二乘支持 向量回归机精确估计SAR平台的运动方程,从而精确估计SAR平台在某个时刻的空间位置。仿 真试验表明,本文提出的方法能够精确地反演出SAR平台的空间位置。
     

第二类无奇点根数的北斗历书参数设计

为统一北斗三类卫星的历书拟合算法,提出基于第二类无奇点根数进行历书参数设计的方法,设计了以倾角向量变率作为摄动参数的历书参数模型,并给出新的历书模型的用户使用算法。利用覆盖2013年全年的实际在轨卫星的数值轨道进行了历书拟合试验。结果表明,地球静止轨道（GEO）和倾斜地球同步轨道（IGSO)卫星的拟合位置误差为2~4km,拟合用户距离误差（URE）约为1km,中圆地球轨道（MEO）卫星的拟合位置误差为1~2km,拟合URE约为500m。通过分析6个轨道根数和2个摄动参数全年的变化范围,对新历书模型进行量化单位和占用比特位的通信接口设计,定量分析量化单位对历书表达精度的影响。结果表明,参数截断后对位置误差的影响小于50m,对URE误差的影响小于5m。因此,历书量化误差对信号捕获以及首次定位时间带来的影响可以忽略不计。     

一种信道系数服从高斯分布的8PSK信号信噪比盲估计算法

信噪比（SNR,Signalto Noise Ratio）是衡量通信系统性能的重要指标。针对传统信噪比估计算法要求利用训练序列或一帧数据范周内信道系数恒定等问题,提出了一种8PSK信号在信道系数服从高斯分布的衰落信道下肯信噪比估计算法。该算法取接收信号实部或虚部数值运算构成中间观测量,理论分析8PSK信号经过衰落信道后...     

PH曲线拟合在数控前瞻中的应用

为解决数控系统进行微小直线段平稳加工的问题,提出了一种拟合方法.综合了误差限制下的微小直线段长度、拐角、直线段相交点单调性等判定条件,将连续的微小直线段分割成若干区域.使用非线性最小二乘法将每一个区域内的点拟合成PH曲线,并通过模拟退火方法调整切矢量来控制拟合误差.根据区域的连接情况,将切矢量分为单向和双向两种调节方法.在模拟退火算法中,将微小直线段的斜率作为切矢量的初始值,利用细分直线的方法逐点计算弓高误差,并将此误差作为目标函数来快速进行切矢量的调整.结果表明,对微小直线段进行区域划分可以提高拟合效率.在控制弓高误差的情况下,此方法可以形成具有良好精度的光滑曲线,可以获得平稳的速度轨迹.     

Inverse design of mission success space for combat aircraft contribution evaluation

This paper presents a novel design method of the Mission Success Space (MSS) for the evaluation on aircraft contribution effectiveness. MSS concept was proposed for giving success criterion of a mission and judging the success by conventional mission effectiveness with regards to the aircraft capabilities. This space is created by the Mission Success Function (MSF) and the original Effectiveness Index Space (EIS) where empirical equations are usually assumed to be MSFs. Based on this MSS concept, this paper firstly defines the MSS-based evaluation, then further summarizes the evaluation process of the Contribution to System-of-Systems (CSS). More importantly, based on the thought of Inverse Design (ID), a new design method of MSF is presented comprehensively analyzing aircraft’s CSS in a combat mission without using any empirical MSF. The definition of MSS based ID is given and the design procedure is sequentially introduced. Two different confrontation cases are depicted with many details as the simulation validation: Air-to-ground and Penetration. There are two design variables considered for designing MSS in the latter case while only one for the former. However, in both cases, the best design is given by evaluating the Gaussian fitting performance of CSS.     

电磁式跟踪器磁场畸变的姿态校正技术

电磁式跟踪器可以测量物体的位置和姿态,但其测量精度也容易受金属环境干扰。本文根据电磁跟踪器的工作原理,给出了电磁式跟踪器姿态校正的模型,讨论了两种不同的姿态校正实现方法:插值法和拟合法,比较了两种方法的优缺点。最后,对某一金属环境进行了畸变姿态校正的试验,给出了3个不同的姿态实际值和在此金属环境下的畸变和校正结果。试验结果表明本文提出的姿态校正算法能很好地补偿金属环境引起的电磁式跟踪器姿态的畸变。     

基于双相关峰检测的C/A码伪距精密估计

采用软件无线电技术和数字信号处理技术，直接对A／D变换后的中频信号进行处理，并得到C／A码的相关曲线。利用曲线拟合方法对相关峰波形进行拟合，进一步确定相关曲线的峰值点位置。同时基于双相关峰检测的伪距估计方法，精确求解C／A码伪距观测值。利用自编的仿真程序包，在Matlab中进行了相应的模拟计算。仿真结果表明当信噪比大于26dB时，可得到毫米数量级的伪距估计精度，能够满足GPS模拟源系统高精度自校的要求。     

用二次子结构法对过盈螺纹进行应力分析

针对过盈螺纹的疲劳寿命估算进行了工作,求解应力是寿命估算的第一步。为减少求解自由度,节省机时,提高效率,文章根据螺纹配合的特点,提出二次子结构法,消去内部节点,只留下配合点、加载点和边界约束点。 文章推导了子结构公式及过盈配合公式,给出了程序流程图及有限元计算结果,由结果可知,随过盈量增加,齿间应力差减小;而随过盈量增加,危险点相当应力增大。这些结果,对过盈量的选择也有参考价值。     

数字图像处理技术在表面划痕测量中的应用

为解决飞机座舱、机翼蒙皮表面划痕的准确测量问题,设计了一种基于数字图像处理技术的表面划痕测量系统。测量系统将物体表面划痕成像在CCD上,通过对划痕图像进行分割、变换、拟合等处理,最后得到划痕深度。这种方法较人眼瞄准方法减少了人员测量误差,提高了测量准确度和测量效率;通过对标准划痕的重复测量,实验标准差可达0.5μm,能够满足工程测量的需要。     

Fringe fitting and group delay determination for geodetic VLBI observations of DOR tones

Extracting the group and phase delays of interferometric observations produced in the Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) measurement concept requires a special fringe fitting and delay search algorithm for the recorded bandwidth. While fringe fitting is in use routinely for several megahertz wide channels in geodetic and astrometric VLBI with quasar observations, fringe fitting for artificial tones of very small bandwidth of artificial signals for Differential One-way Ranging (DOR) requires a different way of handling. In a project called Observing the Chang’E-3 Lander with VLBI (OCEL), the DOR tones emitted by the Chang’E-3 lander were observed in a standard geodetic VLBI mode with 8 or 4?MHz wide channels to maintain compatibility with the corresponding quasar observations. For these observations, we modified the existing fringe fitting program of the Haystack Observatory Processing Software (HOPS), fourfit, to properly handle narrow band DOR tones. The main motivations are that through this modification, the data of quasars and artificial radio sources can be processed in the existing geodetic analysis pipeline, and that the algorithm can be used for similar projects as well. In this paper, we describe the algorithm and show that the new algorithm produces much more reliable group delay results than using the standard fourfit algorithm. This is done by a simulation test and in particular by processing of real observations. It is shown that in many cases, systematic deviations of several nanoseconds, which are seen with the standard fourfit algorithm, can be avoided. The ultimate benefit of the new procedure is demonstrated by reducing the errors in delay triangle closures by at least a factor of 3, which, in the OCEL case, is from ～300 to ～100?ps.