一种高效的基于可靠性的多学科设计优化方法(英文)

Design for modem engineering system is becoming multidisciplinary and incorporates practical uncertainties; therefore, it is necessary to synthesize reliability analysis and the multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） techniques for the design of complex engineering system. An advanced first order second moment method-based concurrent subspace optimization approach is proposed based on the comparison and analysis of the existing multidisciplinary optimization techniques and the reliability analysis methods. It is seen through a canard configuration optimization for a three-surface transport that the proposed method is computationally efficient and practical with the least modification to the current deterministic optimization process.     

航天器视场遮挡分析方法研究

敏感器视场遮挡分析是航天器构型布局设计的重要组成部分,针对大型在轨变构型航天器敏感器视场遮挡分析工作量大、出错率高、遮挡率无法量化等特点,本文提出一种基于敏感器第一视角的视场遮挡快速分析方法。该方法通过设置第一视角图像蒙版及图像映射,模拟方锥形、圆锥形、球形等各类敏感器视场,通过逐个像素比对,计算视场遮挡率和遮挡方位。使用此方法建立了空间站敏感器视场遮挡分析系统,结果表明新方法能够显著提高视场遮挡分析效率和准确率,并且为机构类部件运动过程对敏感器视场遮挡的分析提供了有效工具。     

失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度分析的高效算法

失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度分析对指导可靠性优化至关重要,本文从乘法降维及Edgeworth级数展开的角度提出一种失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度指标分析的高效算法。所提算法通过Edgeworth级数展开将失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度指标的求解转化为输出无条件及条件前四阶整数矩的求解。对于输出的无条件及条件四阶矩的计算,基于乘法降维的思想,本文推导了重复利用计算输出的无条件矩的输入输出样本来计算条件矩以及外层关于输入变量一维积分的计算公式,使得仅需重复利用输出无条件前四阶矩求解产生的积分网格内的数据即可同时求得输出的前四阶条件矩以及外层关于输入变量的一维积分。所提算法大大提高了失效概率矩独立全局灵敏度的分析效率。航空发动机涡轮盘以及汽车前轴的分析结果验证了所提算法的高效性及准确性。     

Probing the first stars and black holes in the early Universe with the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE)

A concept for a new space-based cosmology mission called the Dark Ages Radio Explorer (DARE) is presented in this paper. DARE’s science objectives include: (1) When did the first stars form? (2) When did the first accreting black holes form? (3) When did Reionization begin? (4) What surprises does the end of the Dark Ages hold (e.g., Dark Matter decay)? DARE will use the highly-redshifted hyperfine 21-cm transition from neutral hydrogen to track the formation of the first luminous objects by their impact on the intergalactic medium during the end of the Dark Ages and during Cosmic Dawn (redshifts z = 11–35). It will measure the sky-averaged spin temperature of neutral hydrogen at the unexplored epoch 80–420 million years after the Big Bang, providing the first evidence of the earliest stars and galaxies to illuminate the cosmos and testing our models of galaxy formation. DARE’s approach is to measure the expected spectral features in the sky-averaged, redshifted 21-cm signal over a radio bandpass of 40–120 MHz. DARE orbits the Moon for a mission lifetime of 3 years and takes data above the lunar farside, the only location in the inner solar system proven to be free of human-generated radio frequency interference and any significant ionosphere. The science instrument is composed of a low frequency radiometer, including electrically-short, tapered, bi-conical dipole antennas, a receiver, and a digital spectrometer. The smooth frequency response of the antennas and the differential spectral calibration approach using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique will be applied to detect the weak cosmic 21-cm signal in the presence of the intense solar system and Galactic foreground emissions.     

基于Kriging模型梯度解析解的改进一次二阶矩方法

改进一次二阶矩（AFOSM）法是一种基于功能函数梯度的结构可靠性分析方法,鉴于其对隐式函数的梯度较难求解,提出了一种基于Kriging模型梯度解析解的AFOSM方法,利用Kriging代理模型的解析表达式推导得到功能函数对输入变量的梯度解析解,为AFOSM中设计点的确定提供高精度的梯度信息。通过Kriging与AFOSM的结合,很好地解决了基于有限元模型的隐式情况下梯度计算量相当大、可靠性分析难的问题。数值与工程算例验证了所提Kriging梯度解析解的较高精确性,同时验证了所提基于Kriging解析解的AFOSM结构可靠性分析方法的正确性与较高精度。     

航天器首飞飞行事件系统责任保证链管理

飞行事件系统责任保证链管理是航天器首飞试验质量管理的重要组成部分,是保证发射试验成功的重要管理手段。文章介绍了航天器首飞飞行事件系统责任保证链管理要点,并以某卫星天线展开事件为例介绍了飞行事件系统责任保证链管理实践。     

陶瓷基复合材料力学性能计算及涡轮导叶宏观响应分析方法

针对涡轮导叶宏观热力学响应,将化学气相沉积工艺2D编织SiCf /SiC陶瓷基复合材料完成拉伸试验并将该试件进行分割,对分割后的试样进行断面电镜扫描,测量统计细观编织结构参数,建立考虑缺陷位置和形状的代表性体积单元模型。采用细观有限元方法,应用该模型计算得到SiCf /SiC陶瓷基复合材料的宏观弹性常数。结果表明：面内拉伸模量预测值比试验值低4.4%,剪切模量预测值比试验值高7.8%。结合陶瓷基复合材料涡轮导叶的加工工艺,建立了材料分布映射模型,对导叶典型特征结构件在给定热载荷下的宏观响应进行预测。结果表明：涡轮导叶典型结构加热段尾缘第1主应变预测值比试验值低5.5%。     

Scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first Mars exploration mission

This paper describes the scientific objectives and payloads of Tianwen-1, China’s first exploration mission to Mars. An orbiter, carrying a lander and a rover, lifted-off in July 2020 for a journey to Mars where it should arrive in February 2021. A suite of 13 scientific payloads, for in-situ and remote sensing, autonomously commanded by integrated payload controllers and mounted on the orbiter and the rover will study the magnetosphere and ionosphere of Mars and the relation with the solar wind, the atmosphere, surface and subsurface of the planet, looking at the topography, composition and structure and in particular for subsurface ice. The mission will also investigate Mars climate history. It is expected that Tianwen-1 will contribute significantly to advance our scientific knowledge of Mars.     

一阶滞后对象广义预测控制下的闭环稳定性分析

 利用参数模型和非参数模型相结合的方法,给出了一阶滞后对象在广义预测控制下闭环稳定的充要条件。发现:(1)对开环稳定的一阶滞后对象,总存在一组控制器参数,使得在该控制器控制下,无论对象的开环增益K与时间常数T如何变化,闭环系统都保持稳定;(2)对于开环不稳定的一阶滞后对象,无论控制器参数如何选取,当K和T的变化超出一定范围时,闭环系统就会失去稳定性。     

基于系统类比的火控精度考核方法

火控系统的综合误差是由火控系统原理误差、弹道散布误差、飞行员瞄准误差和中间风等多种随机因素带来的误差构成,为考核系统原理误差,必须从实弹打靶结果中剔除其它方面误差。采用传统的外弹道测试法,试飞周期长,耗费大量人力和财务。本文提出了一种基于系统类比的火控精度考核方法,从已鉴定的成熟系统中获取后几项误差并予以剔除。理论计算和实弹打靶表明,这是一种有效、经济的精度考核方法,为同种飞机使用不同火控系统的精