气凝胶复合材料在航天领域中的应用

气凝胶是一种高孔隙率、高比表面积的三维网络状结构的纳米材料。气凝胶独特的纳米结构能有效抑制材料的固体热传导和气体对流传热，是一种性能优异的“超级隔热材料”。此外，与传统的保温材料相比，气凝胶具有轻质、不燃、疏水等特点，符合航空航天领域对隔热、轻质的要求，在美国等国家得到了广泛应用。     

First measurements of periodicities and anisotropies of cosmic ray flux observed with a water-Cherenkov detector at the Marambio Antarctic base

A new water-Cherenkov radiation detector, located at the Argentine Marambio Antarctic Base (64.24S-56.62 W), has been monitoring the variability of galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux since 2019. One of the main aims is to provide experimental data necessary to study interplanetary transport of GCRs during transient events at different space/time scales. In this paper we present the detector and analyze observations made during one full year. After the analysis and correction of the GCR flux variability due to the atmospheric conditions (pressure and temperature), a study of the periodicities is performed in order to analyze modulations due to heliospheric phenomena. We can observe two periods: (a) 1 day, associated with the Earth’s rotation combined with the spatial anisotropy of the GCR flux; and (b) $～$ 30 days due to solar impact of stable solar structures combined with the rotation of the Sun. From a superposed epoch analysis, and considering the geomagnetic effects, the mean diurnal amplitude is $～$ 0.08% and the maximum flux is observed in $～$ 15 h local time (LT) direction in the interplanetary space. In such a way, we determine the capability of Neurus to observe anisotropies and other interplanetary modulations on the GCR flux arriving at the Earth.     

基于多目标决策的 对岸火力支援火力分配模型

在建立对岸火力支援作战中火力分配思维机制的基础上,根据最优火力分配的基本要素,构建了基于多目标决策分析的火力分配模型。通过改进后遗传算法对模型进行仿真求解,结果验证了多目标决策分析方法在对岸火力分配问题中的适用性,运用改进后的遗传算法对火力分配模型求解具有明显的优势。     

红外探测设备抗烟幕干扰试验及评估方法

红外探测设备抗烟幕干扰能力是其抗干扰能力的重要部分。常规方法对场地和实施要求很高,试验次数安排有限。文章对该试验设计的关键问题开展分析和研究,根据红外探测设备作用距离与目标能量的关系,采用"等效试验"构建外场静态试验干扰环境,并合理选择试验因素采用均匀设计方法进行试验设计,确定抗干扰试验方案和评估方法。该方案可指导试验获得科学合理有效的数据,从而实现烟幕干扰环境下红外探测设备的抗干扰能力的准确评估。     

A new approach for pulse amplitude measurement using Lagrange’s interpolation for radiation or particle detectors

In radiation detector signal processing, usually, the charge-sensitive preamplifier converts the small charge signal coming from the semiconductor-based detector into voltage form and then the signal is further amplified to measure the energy of the incoming radiation. The voltage pulse from a charge-sensitive preamplifier (CSPA) is amplified using a shaping amplifier which reduces the signal bandwidth. To achieve better energy resolution, precise measurement of the peak amplitude of shaping amplifier output is required. The signal processing methods are available in which the signal from the charge-sensitive preamplifier can be directly digitized using high-speed Analog to Digital Converters (ADC), and then further signal processing such as gain and shaping is carried out inside the Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). For multiple detector systems, digital signal processing methods are quite difficult to implement in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA). In this context, The development of an alternative technique is initiated that uses a charge-sensitive preamplifier, shaping amplifier, low sampling analog-to-digital converter, and FPGA, where LaGrange’s interpolation technique is implemented in FPGA to precisely measure the peak of the analog pulse. In this paper, the comparison of the proposed method with other pulse amplitude measurement techniques is discussed. Results show that the implemented technique gives similar energy resolution compared to digital pulse processing and standard peak detector-based techniques.