铝合金板广布损伤裂纹扩展顺序的数值分析

在三排45孔铝合金板广布疲劳损伤试验基础上,对模型进行了有限元计算,系统研究了广布损伤裂纹尖端相互影响因子分布和裂纹扩展顺序规律。结果表明:裂纹尖端相互影响因子βi,当受两个裂纹参数ai和aj影响时,其随着aj的增加而增加,随着ai的增加而减小;当受三个参数ai、aj和ak影响时,其随着aj和ak的增加而增加,随着ai的增加而减小。循环数N相等时,模式I扩展最快,模式II最慢,模式III的扩展间于模式I模式II之间,但比较接近模式II,这是由于模式III下孔裂纹比较接近于模型中间位置,受模型边界的影响较小。以上结论表明,在实际工程应用中,多裂纹出现在模型中间要比靠近边界安全。     

基于逆向设计的飞机货舱烟雾等效方法

在飞机货舱烟雾探测的适航符合性验证中,为尽可能降低验证试验风险,通常需要采用烟雾发生器产生的模拟烟雾来代替真实火灾烟雾进行飞行试验,但研究表明两种烟雾在造成烟雾探测器响应时间方面存在较大差异,必须通过改变烟雾发生器边界条件来实现与真实火灾烟雾的等效,然而,通过传统"试错法"寻找能够实现两种烟雾等效的边界条件将耗费大量时间资源。采用逆向设计的方法,首先在火灾动力学模拟（FDS）软件中分别建立烟雾发生器模拟烟雾与真实火灾烟雾数值模型,并在Isight优化软件中将FDS进行集成,通过构建使两种烟雾等效的目标函数,采用多岛遗传算法（MIGA）对烟雾发生器边界条件进行一次性逆向求解,从而避免了传统"试错法"造成的资源浪费。对逆向计算的结果进行了试验验证,逆向求解得到的边界条件能实现烟雾发生器模拟烟雾与真实火灾烟雾的等效,该结果可直接指导飞机货舱烟雾探测的适航符合性验证工作。     

Improving accuracy of damage quantification based on two-level consistency control of PZT layers

Structural health monitoring-based quantitative damage diagnosis technique plays a key role in real-time condition monitoring. Among the current research, piezoelectric (PZT) sensor and Guided Wave (GW) based damage quantification methods are promising, which normally establish a calibration model between GW feature and damage degree by experiments on batch specimens, and then conduct the calibration model on the monitored specimen. However, the accuracy of PZT and GW based damage quantification is affected by dispersion introduced by sensor network performance, structural material, and damage propagation among the adopted batch specimens. For improving the accuracy of damage quantification, this paper adopts PZT layer as sensor network and creatively implements theoretical and experimental research on batch PZT layers consistency control. On one hand, a two-level consistency control method based on multidimensional features-Euclidean distance is proposed to ensure the performance consistency of PZT layers placed on different specimens. On the other hand, experimental research on typical aircraft lug structures is also carried out to evaluate the requirement on performance consistency of PZT layers when performing quantitative damage diagnosis, and further verify the proposed two-level consistency control method. Experimental results show that the accuracy of damage quantification raises by 38% when the dispersion of different PZT layers is controlled within 5%.     

Failure behavior analysis of phased-mission systems considering functional and physical isolation effects

Phased-Mission Systems(PMS) are widely applied in aerospace, telecommunication and intelligent systems for multiple, consecutive and non-overlapping phases of missions. The phasedependent stresses and system structure cause some difficulties to the reliability analysis of PMSs.In this paper, we analyze the physical isolation effects on the degradation speeds and across-phase damage accumulations of failure mechanisms. And, some corresponding reliability and unreliability formulas are derived. Be...     

基于仿真计算的推力架传动轴损伤分析

某水平推力架传动轴出现断裂故障,根据水平推力架结构组成和工作原理对其传动轴损伤机理进行分析,可得出该断裂为低周疲劳所致.基于ANSYS Workbench平台建立传动轴的模型,对传动轴进行强度分析,给出工作载荷下的应力强度、应变及变形计算结果.通过计算结果分析传动轴薄弱部位,得出与传动轴失效部位状态一致.对其进行改进设计,改进后基于强度分析的一种损伤分析方法对传动轴进行损伤仿真分析,得出了使用寿命次数、安全系数和损伤系数的仿真计算结果.通过对照改进前后仿真数据,结果表明改进后的传动轴安全性提高,强度提高,同时结合应力与屈服强度公式计算出传动轴的许用应力满足传动轴设计要求.     

复合材料疲劳定寿方法研究

本文回顾了复合材料疲劳可靠性的发展历程,重点报告了复合材料疲劳可靠性最新厂家成果;复合材料疲劳损伤形成与损伤扩展的两阶段论,这一理论更新了传统采用的单一疲劳损伤全过程。     

Multiaxial fatigue life prediction of composite materials

In order to analyze the stress and strain fields in the fibers and the matrix in composite materials,a fiber-scale unit cell model is established and the corresponding periodical boundary conditions are introduced.Assuming matrix cracking as the failure mode of composite materials,an energy-based fatigue damage parameter and a multiaxial fatigue life prediction method are established.This method only needs the material properties of the fibers and the matrix to be known.After the relationship between the fatigue damage parameter and the fatigue life under any arbitrary test condition is established,the multiaxial fatigue life under any other load condition can be predicted.The proposed method has been verified using two different kinds of load forms.One is unidirectional laminates subjected to cyclic off-axis loading,and the other is filament wound composites subjected to cyclic tension-torsion loading.The fatigue lives predicted using the proposed model are in good agreements with the experimental results for both kinds of load forms.     

机身加筋壁板环向裂纹损伤容限试验与分析

机身壁板是飞机结构中的主要承力构件,也是损伤的主要产生部位,研究机身加筋壁板的裂纹扩展规律和剩余强度特性具有重要意义。在轴向拉伸载荷作用下,对含环向裂纹的机身加筋壁板进行损伤容限试验;利用ANSYS有限元软件对试验件进行应力强度因子分析,估算裂纹扩展寿命;基于线弹性断裂力学准则和线弹性断裂力学加塑性修正准则,计算剩余强度特征曲线,并对比分析计算结果和试验结果。结果表明:计算得到的裂纹扩展寿命与试验结果的相对误差为6.3%,满足工程要求;线弹性断裂力学加塑性修正准则估算的剩余强度更为合理,误差仅为2.6%,且偏安全。     

基于显微组织演变的涡轮叶片损伤分析

涡轮叶片作为航空发动机和燃气轮机重要的热端部件,在复杂温度场、应力场及氧化腐蚀等环境下工作,面临多种损伤失效风险。为了阐明涡轮叶片涂层损伤模式,总结了现阶段涡轮叶片涂层工艺、特点及其显微组织构成。在结合叶片材料热力耦合试验中相的演变规律研究成果基础上,对服役不同时间和类型的涡轮叶片基体和涂层系统的显微组织进行分析,并与原始组织对比;确定了各种服役组织损伤形式,主要包括涂层系统退化、原始缺陷导致的裂纹扩展、过热损伤及γ′相的退化等;初步给出了涡轮叶片损伤机理和服役环境评估,提出后期涡轮叶片工程化应开展的研究工作和注意事项,从而实现由服役叶片失效后分析向使用前预防的转变,完善涡轮叶片正向设计体系。     

激光冲击强化提高外物打伤钛合金模拟叶片高周疲劳性能

为指导钛合金叶片抗外物打伤激光冲击强化工艺设计,根据真实叶片叶型特征设计了刃口型模拟叶片,采用两种激光冲击强化工艺对模拟叶片进行预处理,并采用空气炮系统进行外物打伤模拟试验,最后通过疲劳试验和应力场预测进行疲劳性能影响规律及机理分析.试验结果表明:模拟叶片外物打伤后疲劳强度由518.45MPa降为290.72MPa,而...