高值电阻国际比对的方法研究

介绍了参加亚太实验室认可合作组织(APLAC)开展的高阻1 MΩ;10 MΩ实验间比对的方法,对一种用参考电压测量高阻的方法进行了描述,解决了其中的技术问题,对测量不确定度进行了分析,其结果为测量1MΩ的合成标准不确定度为3.10-6,测量10 MΩ的合成标准不确定度为5.10-6,APLAC公布的比对中期报告证明了该方法的可靠性。     

Exploration and implementation of commonality valuation method in commercial aircraft family design

Commercial aircraft family design can reduce development costs, shorten development cycles, and expand the market coverage of aircraft. Commercial aircraft family development has become one of the most important features of modern aircraft design. This paper explores the effects of commonality on different aircraft models in a commercial aircraft family. The existing product commonality indexes are summarized and their limitations in the application to aircraft design are discussed. Then a new component commonality index is proposed based on the component decomposition structure. A model for calculating the aircraft program value is established,which considers development costs, manufacturing costs, sale price, operation costs and residual costs. The effects of aircraft commonality on time and economic costs of both development and manufacturing, and on sale price, are analyzed and quantified. The commonality evaluation strategy is obtained, which features comprehensive consideration of the aircraft program value and time costs. The break-even analysis of aircraft is proceeded on the basis of costs and price data. By using a real option method, the strategy considers the uncertainty of the aircraft program and the flexibility of the manufacturer. This strategy proves to be rational and applicable to aircraft design based on the calculation of three examples and the analysis of parameter sensitivity.     

评价复合固体推进剂中填料/粘合剂相互作用的新方法

为了便于评价复合固体推进剂中填料／粘事剂的相互作用，从填料充填弹性体应力应变公式出发，提出了一种简单而直观地评价填料／粘合剂相互作用的新方法。其在几种不同填料体系的应用表明，该方法不仅可以评价填料／粘合剂的相互作用，还可表征键合剂的作用效果，这一方法具有较大的使用价值。     

有限空间轴对称射流流场的数值模拟

本文在к－ε紊流模型下，采用罚有限元法对有限空间轴对称射流流场进行数值模拟。引用罚函数优化迎风格式和退化积分，建立有限元解法的数值矩阵，在不同截面上求得工，压力和紊流参数分布，计算结果与实验数据十分接近。本文研究结果可应用于火箭发动机的喷射设计和射流量论的研究。     

基于极值理论的平尾结冰飞行风险评估

提出了结合极值理论与Copula模型来量化评估平尾结冰条件下飞行风险概率的方法。通过建立人-机-环复杂系统模型,对平尾在进近与着陆过程中的结冰情形进行仿真,采用蒙特卡罗法提取平尾结冰极值参数,验证了所提取极值参数符合一维广义极值（GEV）分布,根据飞行风险的定义和相关安全性准则,建立了平尾结冰飞行风险发生的判定条件,计算得出一维极值飞行风险概率;在此基础上选取Copula模型来描述二维极值参数的相关性,对多种Copula模型的未知参数进行辨识,通过拟合优度检验对精度进行验证,得出Joe Copula模型对二维极值分布的描述最为准确,运用Joe Copula模型计算出二维极值飞行风险概率,有效解决了一维极值具有的局限性。所提方法对飞行安全评估等理论有一定参考价值,能为平尾结冰飞行事故的预防提供分析和检验依据。     

Evaluation method for helicopter maritime search and rescue response plan with uncertainty

Helicopter plays an increasingly significant role in Maritime Search and Rescue (MSAR), and it will perform MSAR mission based on response plans when an accident occurs. Thus the rationality of response plan determines the success of MSAR mission to a large extent. However, with the impact of many uncertainty factors, it is difficult to evaluate response plans comprehensively before performing them. Aiming at these problems, an evaluation framework of helicopter MSAR response plan named UMAD is proposed in this paper, which reveals the influence mechanism of uncertainty factors based on Multi-Agent method and analyzes the mission flow based on Discrete Event System (DEVS) method. Furthermore, the evaluation criterion and indicators of response plan are extracted from the aspects of safety and effectiveness. Meanwhile, the Monte Carlo method is adapted to calculate the probability distribution and robustness of response plan comprehensive result. Finally, in order to illustrate the validity of this method, it is discussed and verified by an application example of evaluating multiple response plans to the same MSAR scenario. The results show that this method can analyze the influence of uncertainty more systematically and optimize response plans more comprehensively.     

加压预处理对软质聚酰亚胺泡沫力学性能的影响

为解决软质聚酰亚胺泡沫初始状态力学性能的不稳定性,采用Solimide~?AC-550聚酰亚胺泡沫分别进行不同加压方式及加压压力的预压处理,并对预压处理的试样进行拉伸和压缩性能测试。结果表明:负压预处理对该泡沫所造成的力学性能损伤比正压更大;且在+4 kPa预处理时,可使得该泡沫获得相对稳定的力学性能,满足工程应用的需求。     

CE/SE法模拟爆震波点火及传播过程

运用时空守恒元和解元(CE/SE)法模拟一维爆震波的形成及传播过程,分析产生爆震波的不同机理和DDT(爆燃-爆震转捩)过程的影响因素.采取激波点火和热点点火两种点火方式,分别对应SDT(激波-爆震转捩)和DDT过程,热点点火初始场采用线性温度分布和阶梯性温度分布,整个管道均为常压.用隐式梯形方法实现刚性源项积分.结果表明,SDT和DDT对应于不同的爆震波机理,并且DDT受点火区不同参数的影响,为研究爆震波点火和DDT过程提供了理论依据.     

运动激波与气泡串相互作用的多介质数值模拟

通过对激波和流体界面相互作用而诱导的大变形界面演化的数值模拟,验证了Level set 方法精确模拟多个流体界面的有效性.采用间断有限元Galerkin方法求解欧拉方程得到流场解,采用5阶WENO格式求解Level set方程追踪多流体界面,界面附近的边界条件由虚拟流体方法处理.对运动激波和两个气泡相互作用过程进行了数值模拟,得到了不同时刻的压力和密度等值线分布,并分析了计算域中两个气泡同是氦气泡,以及一个是氦气泡,一个是R22气泡情况下的计算结果.计算结果表明:利用多界面Level set方程可高质量地捕捉多个流体界面,处理3种多介质流场数值模拟问题.     

软体弯曲驱动器设计与建模

与传统的"刚性"机器人相比,基于仿生学启发的软体机器人由于其与生俱来的柔顺性和安全性受到广泛关注。然而,此类软体机器人驱动器的设计与控制目前仍缺少理论指导。针对这些问题,设计了一种由气压驱动的可实现弯曲运动的新型软体驱动器,在系统分析其结构和弯曲原理的基础上,利用几何方法和虚功原理建立了其数学模型,并且通过有限元模型和原理样机实验验证了数学模型的有效性,为软体机器人驱动器的优化设计和控制提供了依据。