扩展型面排孔气膜冷却的实验研究

本文设计了三种型面的气膜孔扩展结构,研究了气膜冷却效率、壁面换热系数及流量系数随吹风比的变化规律。研究结果表明,与典型的圆柱形气膜孔相比,有后向扩展型面的气膜孔具有相对较高的冷却效率和换热系数,流量系数略有降低。扩展型面的流向扩展角α对冷却效率和换热系数的影响大于侧向扩展角 的影响。侧向扩展角 只在特定吹风比下才对提高气膜的侧向覆盖率、进而提高气膜冷却效率起作用,它使得位于二次流出流下游的低压区域范围增大,流量系数减小。     

旋转对管内流体流动的影响

本文描述了旋转管流的基本运动方程。在笛卡尔坐标系和柱坐标系中,针对两种基本的几何流动,推导出旋转情况下管内的流动方程,定义了影响旋转管流的流动和换热的两个无量纲准则数J和Ra,分析了二次流产生的原因,从而说明旋转对流动的影响以及旋转管流的运动特征。     

预移相型恒温热线(膜)流速计的动态响应方程

分析传统恒温热线热膜流速计(简称 HWFA)动态方程后,提出了一种新型HWFA 线路模型——主电桥预移相模型,推导出真实条件下小扰动动态响应方程,并按此原理设计制造了崭新的高性能 IFV—900型 HWFA 样机。该机全部革除了传统HWFA 的三个调节参量,大大地简化了调节步骤;不自激振荡的范围明显增宽,极大地减少了使用上的麻烦;频带宽度比当今世界流行的 HWFA 增宽了2～5倍;加上一系列智能化功能后使自动化程度达到了新的高度。这一新型 HWFA 的问世将可能导至 HWFA技术的重大改进和新的变革。首先阐明主电桥预移相模型的提出和真实条件下小扰动动态响应方程的推导。随后将用若干姐妹篇阐明动态方程频率响应调节元物理值的解析解,频率特性实验分析手段的电扰动试验响应情况的理论分析等内容。     

Tear Resistance of Orthogonal Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU Film

This work seeks to investigate the notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of orthogonal Kevlar-plain woven fabric (PWF)-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) film applied to high altitude balloon. Four types of specimens are implemented to measure notched strength and fracture toughness by conducting static tension and tear tests on an MTS system respectively. The damage and failure mechanisms are discussed and the results for notched strength and tear resistance are evaluated and compared with each other. From the experiments, it is found that the notch sensitivity of the film increases with the increase in the size of the hole, but the notch sensitivity and the stress concentration of the notch are insignificant and there is a decrease of only about 4%-10% in tensile strength for the notched specimens with different hole sizes in diameter compared with the unnotched specimen. In contrast, the tear resistance containing a central slit with only 1 mm length is about half of tensile strength of the unnotched film, which implies that the tear resistance exists an significant notch sensitivity. The results of this study provide an insight into notch sensitivity and fracture behaviour of the Kevlar-PWF-reinforced TPU film and constitute a fundamental basis for the design of high altitude balloon.     

热处理工艺对2A70铝合金自由锻件力学性能的影响

研究了不同热处理工艺参数对2A70铝合金自由锻件力学性能的影响。首先采用正交试验分析了各因素对两个目标值(抗拉强度、延伸率)的影响;然后利用极差分析方法分析试验结果,指出各个因素对力学性能影响的主次顺序,并确定最优的热处理生产条件。试验结果表明:通过锻件锻后增加退火处理、适当提高固溶温度和选用合适的时效保温时间,该合金的力学性能得到了较大的改善,在保证抗拉强度大于等于375MPa要求的同时,延伸率由4%提高到了8.5%。     

帆板控制系统设计

该帆板控制系统采用塑料薄膜电位器作为传感器检测角度信号,检测到的角度信号经信号处理电路送12位的串行接口A/D转换器ADS7818进行数字化转换,转化结果由Cortex-M3处理器LM3S615进行处理产生PWM控制信号,该控制信号经功率VMOS驱动电路实现轴流电扇的速度调节,从而实现帆板角度定位闭环控制。通过按键可以实现帆板角度的设定及运行控制,设置六位LED数码管显示实现角度及其它运行状态的显示。经过实际测试该系统完全达到了设计要求的各项指标要求。     

舰空导弹武器系统加权射击效能优化模型

针对如何优化舰空导弹武器系统加权射击效能这一问题,在考虑转火射击周期的基础上,着重研究了多通道火力分配模型,综合集成了杀伤区模型、火力分配区域模型、目标威胁度评估模型、火力分配模型、加权射击效能模型,对舰空导弹武器系统的作战效能进行了评估。仿真结果表明,所建立的舰空导弹武器系统加权射击效能优化模型是可行的。     

Thermal-structural analysis of regenerativelycooled thrust chamber wall in reusable LOX/Methane rocket engines

To predict the thermal and structural responses of the thrust chamber wall under cyclic work,a 3-D fluid-structural coupling computational methodology is developed.The thermal and mechanical loads are determined by a validated 3-D finite volume fluid-thermal coupling computational method.With the specified loads,the nonlinear thermal-structural finite element analysis is applied to obtaining the 3-D thermal and structural responses.The Chaboche nonlinear kinematic hardening model calibrated by experimental data is adopted to predict the cyclic plastic behavior of the inner wall.The methodology is further applied to the thrust chamber of LOX/Methane rocket engines.The results show that both the maximum temperature at hot run phase and the maximum circumferential residual strain of the inner wall appear at the convergent part of the chamber.Struc tural analysis for multiple work cycles reveals that the failure of the inner wall may be controlled by the low-cycle fatigue when the Chaboche model parameter γ3 =0,and the damage caused by the thermal-mechanical ratcheting of the inner wall cannot be ignored when γ3 ＞ 0.The results of sen sitivity analysis indicate that mechanical loads have a strong influence on the strains in the inner wall.