程序调参飞行控制律的神经网络实现

为保证飞行品质,现代飞机中多采用程度调参飞行控制律,由于调参规律的高度非线性,使得控制律的工程实现相当困难。为此,对程序调参飞行控制律的神经网络实现方法进行了研究。通过应用ＢＰ神经网络逼近非线性调参规律。探讨了用ＢＰ网络实现程序调参飞行控制律的一般方法,给出了网络的结构及其优化算法,并以某型飞机电传操纵系统倾斜阻尼通道的程序调参控制律为例,对该实现方法进行降验证。结果表明,实现精度符合工程要求。     

LD2合金中温钎焊接头组织与拉伸性能

采用制备的一种新型中温铝基钎料箔(熔点513~529℃),在530~550℃对LD2铝合金进行真空钎焊试验。测试钎焊接头的室温抗拉性能,采用扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱仪(DES)对钎焊接头组织和断口形貌进行观察分析。试验结果表明,制备的钎料可用于LD2铝合金的真空钎焊,在优化工艺规范下可获得致密的接头,焊后经热处理,钎焊接头平均室温抗拉强度可达300MPa,断口是以典型韧窝为特征的塑性断口。     

Joining of SiO2 ceramic and TC4 alloy by nanoparticles modified brazing filler metal

Nano-Al₂O₃ particles modified AgCuNi filler was adopted to braze the SiO₂ ceramic and TC4. The effects of filler size as well as the brazing temperature on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical property of the joints were investigated. Nanoscale filler reduced the phases dimension and promoted the homogeneous distribution of microstructure, obtaining a higher joint strength when compared to microscale filler. The increase of brazing temperature made the accelerating dissolution and diffusion of Ti, which promoted the increase of thickness of Ti₄O₇ + TiSi₂ layer adjacent to SiO₂ ceramic and diffusion layer zone nearby TC4 alloy. The hypoeutectic structure was produced in the brazing seam due to the high Ti content. The maximum shear strength of ∼40 MPa was obtained at 950 °C for 10 min.     

Experimental study of flow field distribution over a generic cranked double delta wing

The flow fields over a generic cranked double delta wing were investigated. Pressure and velocity distributions were obtained using a Pitot tube and a hot wire anemometer. Two different leading edge shapes, namely ‘‘sharp" and ‘‘round", were applied to the wing. The wing had two sweep angles of 55° and 30°. The experiments were conducted in a closed circuit wind tunnel at velocity 20 m/s and angles of attack of 5°–20° with the step of 5°. The Reynolds number of the model was about 2 ×10~5 according to the root chord. A dual vortex structure was formed above the wing surface. A pressure drop occurred at the vortex core and the root mean square of the measured velocity increased at the core of the vortices, reflecting the instability of the flow in that region. The magnitude of power spectral density increased strongly in spanwise direction and had the maximum value at the vortex core. By increasing the angle of attack, the pressure drop increased and the vortices became wider; the vortices moved inboard along the wing, and away from the surface; the flow separation was initiated from the outer portion of the wing and developed to its inner part. The vortices of the wing of the sharp leading edge were stronger than those of the round one.     

焊接导管轨迹焊新工艺

本文阐述了航空发动机导管的焊接新工艺——轨迹焊及其特点、所用的设备、工艺参数、工艺要点、以及焊接过程中易于出现的缺陷和排除方法。     

民机电传飞控系统安全性设计与验证

目前CCAR25部的规章要求主要针对传统机械操纵飞机,随着电传飞控系统(Fly by Wire,以下简称FBW)在现代民机上的广泛应用,在控制指令的数字信号完整性、AC 25.1309等效安全等方面产生了一些新的适航要求,以达到传统设计相同的或等效的安全水平。介绍了民机电传飞控系统安全性评估过程,然后针对电传飞控系统安全性设计特点,总结了适用的适航要求和符合性验证方法。     

雷诺数对半封闭紊流冲击射流流场影响的实验研究

通过采用热线风速仪给出了在半封闭、入射高度为2倍喷管直径时三种不同的雷诺数下紊流中冲击射流流场的详细的测量结果，并与文献结果作了比较。表明在上述条件下，雷诺数对主流速度的影响很小，对紊功能的影响也不太大，且主要集中在冲击区的近壁面部分。所得结果为数值计算冲击射流提供了实验数据。     

加热丝上核态沸腾时汽泡间的热相互作用

本文分析讨论加热丝上汽泡生长过程中加热丝的温度变化特征 ,揭示一个活化核心的起泡对周围其他活化核心起泡过程以及其自身的影响 ,进而讨论两个核心之间起泡的相关性。分析还发现由于汽泡生长造成的局部温度下降是加热丝表面沸腾需要较高过热度的一个重要原因。通过对温度场的计算 ,模拟了两个临近核心之间的热相互作用 ,得出一些有益的结论。     

铍的YAG激光焊接裂纹敏感性研究

分析了激光焊接时为克服焊接裂纹所采取的焊前预热、短焦距焊接及焊接工艺参数等因素对裂纹敏感性的影响。结果表明：选择合适的焊接参数可减少裂纹的产生，但其作用有限，还不能从根本上消除裂纹。焊前预热及焊后缓冷对抑制裂纹作用显著，且随着预热温度提高裂纹率呈下降趋势。此外焊接中减少铍的熔化量对减少裂纹亦发挥了重要作用。     

电传系统起飞着陆控制律设计

主要讨论了起飞着陆控制律构型选择的原则，提出了在飞行品质评定时，应采用以等效拟配系统为基础，同时用其它一些参考准则，进行评估和迭代设计，使带电传飞行控制系统飞机在着陆期间具有满意的飞行品质。最后，给出了一个简化的某数字电传系统起飞着陆控制律设计的例子。