自主姿态测量最优算法研究

针对利用地球重力场和磁场矢量观测进行自主姿态测量的应用问题,提出了一种新的最优递推估计算法。该算法采用卡尔曼滤波框架,利用加权统计线性回归并结合自适应滤波技术进行测量更新,与现有方法相比,在提高测量精度的同时,增加了同步提供姿态速率信息的功能。仿真结果表明,新算法的姿态估计精度比目前常用的直接计算方法提高近两倍。     

SINS/CNS组合导航系统的降阶模型研究

在利用卡尔曼滤波器对数据进行处理时,其计算时间是由模型的状态矢量维数n决定的,每一步迭代的计算量与n3成正比。状态维数的减少会使计算时间大大缩短。本文首先介绍了SINS/CNS组合导航系统的动态模型,研究了基于奇异值分解的状态可观测度分析方法并提出一种改进的方法,在求状态变量的可观测度时,抛开了观测量,只利用可观测矩阵进行分析,然后应用该理论对SINS/CNS组合导航系统进行状态可观测度的分析,略去不可观测的状态分量,提出一种降阶的系统模型。仿真结果证明,降阶模型可以提供满意的导航精度。     

基于EKF容错滤波方法的编队卫星相对轨道自主确定

为避免因卫星测量野值导致的相对轨道估计与滤波精度下降,提出了一种基于残差正交性的扩展Kalman滤波（EKF）容错滤波算法的编队卫星相对轨道确定方法。根据卫星相对运动与相对位置量测方程,用残差序列方差的迹实现对野值的剔除及在线修正,保证滤波器有较强的鲁棒性、稳定性和精度。仿真结果表明：该法简单、有效,有较高的理论和工程应用价值。     

机载计算机电磁兼容性设计分析

对机载计算机电磁兼容设计的关键技术进行了分析,详细介绍了滤波连接器的结构和功能,并结合实际的计算机电磁兼容设计要求,给出了采用穿心电容C型滤波网络连接器的具体措施。     

Fast alignment and calibration algorithms for inertial navigation system

Algorithms for fast estimating the azimuth misalignment angle and calibrating gyro drift rates are approached from the point of view of control theory. By introducing the Lyapunov transformation, the equivalence of Strapdown Inertial Navigation System (SINS) and Gimbaled Inertial Navigation System (GINS) is discussed, and it shows that the analysis results of GINS can be applied to SINS directly by using such kind of equivalence. A similar transformation that based on physical essence is introduced, so that the true states can be replaced by the so-called pseudo-states, and then the observable states of INS can be dynamically decoupled with the unobservable states. Consequently, the best completely observable subsystem model of INS can be obtained. Based on the simplified subsystem model of INS, the algorithms for fast estimating the azimuth misalignment angle and calibrating gyro drift rates are proposed. The proposed algorithms show that the azimuth misalignment angle and gyro drift rates can be estimated from the rates of leveling misalignment angles without using the gyro output signals.     

近似二阶扩展卡尔曼滤波方法研究

 在综合考虑计算量和估计精度的情况下,提出一种新的非线性滤波方法——近似二阶扩展卡尔曼滤波（AS-EKF）方法。该方法基于线性最小方差递推滤波框架,对均值的非线性变换采用二阶近似,其精度高于扩展卡尔曼滤波（EKF）采用的一阶近似。通过计算机仿真表明该滤波方法对非线性系统的滤波精度高于EKF,且计算量明显低于无迹滤波（UKF）,该方法适用于对估计精度和计算量都有所要求的非线性系统滤波器设计。     

飞机防滑刹车系统鲁棒控制器的设计与研究

 首先对系统进行了详细的分析,并建立了系统的数学模型,然后针对飞机防滑刹车系统在地面滑跑时存在的各种外干扰问题,提出了一种基于自适应滤波的鲁棒控制方法.通过对系统施加各种外干扰所进行的数字仿真表明,该方法在提高系统的鲁棒性方面是行之有效的.     

近地卫星利用光学敏感器的自主导航方法

基于光学敏感器的卫星自主导航技术是利用红外地球敏感器（IRES）和星敏感器（ST）等姿态测量部件提供的测量信息,通过计算含有轨道信息的星光角距和地球视半径角,修正由轨道动力学模型递推得到的轨道参数。通过系统状态模型和观测模型的离散化和线性化,得到扩展卡尔曼滤波算法的递推关系,并在此基础上进行数学仿真。仿真结果表明,该方法的收敛速度和收敛精度都比较好。由于该方法不需要增加额外的星载敏感器,因此具有很好的应用前景。     

A Tracking Filter in Spherical Coordinates Enhanced by De-noising of Converted Doppler Measurements

Tracking problem in spherical coordinates with range rate (Doppler) measurements, which would have errors correlated to the range measurement errors, is investigated in this paper. The converted Doppler measurements, constructed by the product of the Doppler measurements and range measurements, are used to replace the original Doppler measurements. A de-noising method based on an unbiased Kalman filter (KF) is proposed to reduce the converted Doppler measurement errors before updating the target states for the constant velocity (CV) model. The states from the de-noising filter are then combined with the Cartesian states from the converted measurement Kalman filter (CMKF) to produce final state estimates. The nonlinearity of the de-noising filter states are handled by expanding them around the Cartesian states from the CMKF in a Taylor series up to the second order term. In the mean time, the correlation between the two filters caused by the common range measurements is handled by a minimum mean squared error (MMSE) estimation-based method. These result in a new tracking filter, CMDN-EKF2. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate that the proposed tracking filter can provide efficient and robust performance with a modest computational cost.     

Directional Filtering Due to Mesospheric Wind Shear on the Propagation of Acoustic-gravity Waves

Gravity waves with periods close to the Brunt-V?is?l? period of the upper troposphere are often observed at mesopause altitudes as short period, quasi-monochromatic waves. The assumption that these short period waves originate in the troposphere may be problematic because their upward propagation to the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region could be significantly impeded due to an extended region of strong evanescence above the stratopause. To reconcile this apparent paradox, an alternative explanation is proposed in this paper. The inclusion of mean winds and their vertical shears is sufficient to allow certain short period waves to remain internal above the stratopause and to propagate efficiently to higher altitudes. A time-dependent numerical model is used to demonstrate the feasibility of this and to determine the circumstances under which the mesospheric wind shears play a role in the removal and directional filtering of short period gravity waves. Finally this paper concludes that the combination of the height-dependent mean winds and the mean temperature structure probably explains the existence of short period, quasi-monochromatic structures observed in airglow images of mesopause region.