我国商业银行信贷业务中亟需解决的问题及建议

人的全面发展是马克思主义教育观的核心。文章阐述了素质教育所包含的内容，结合大学生成长的实际情况对素质教育具体实施的途径和方法作了研究。     

基于道路几何特征的地图匹配方法研究

从地图匹配技术的基本原理出发,比较了几种典型的点到线型地图匹配算法的优缺点以及适用范围。结合实际行车轨迹连续、特征明显的特点,提出了一种基于道路几何特征的地图匹配方法,并从候选路径确定、匹配路径确定和匹配点求取三方面对算法进行了详细说明。最后通过设计试验,验证了其可行性和准确性。经验证,采用此地图匹配方法可将惯性定位定向的定位精度提高到20m以内。     

Wave propagation analysis for a second strain gradient rod theory

In this work, an enriched model describing the longitudinal wave propagation is established based on Mindlin’s Second Strain Gradient (SSG) theory, which can describe the heterogeneity caused by the micro-structure interactions in the frame of continuum mechanics. The governing equation and associated boundary conditions are derived based on Hamilton's principle, then the dispersion relation of non-classical longitudinal wave together with the extra-waves appearing exclusively in SSG theory model are investigated. The investigations are based on the modal density, energy flow, and forced response of the rod. Wave transmission and reflection through planar interfaces based on the proposed model have been calculated. Finally, the results of the enriched model are well interpreted by comparing with the classical theory results, and some useful conclusions are derived on the SSG theory based model in the wave propagation characterization.     

民航英语的文体与语言特征

为了清楚和得体地传达信息,需选用各种各样的文体交流.在航空英语中有许多文体及其语言特征,如飞行员与塔台之间的无线电通话、民航专业书籍、民航法律法规和操作手册.无线电通话属于口语文体,其他则属于书面文体.主要讨论这两类文体的语言特征,包括词法特征、句法特征和语义特征.通过讨论和分析,更好地理解语篇,避免发生歧义.     

直升机液弹阻尼器填充材料粘性特性分析

液弹阻尼器是现代直升机旋翼系统的关键部件,由于其突出的性能优势代表了阻尼器的发展方向。本文基于液弹阻尼器的工作原理,通过液弹阻尼器填充液的分析选择,进行液弹阻尼器填充材料特性研究。建立正确分析液弹阻尼器设计分析模型,充分考虑粘温性能、粘压性能的综合影响,揭示影响液弹阻尼器力学性能的参数敏感性,为新型液弹阻尼器的结构设计与计算综合分析提供支持。     

基于GB/T 24734的三维自动标注

结合制造企业对三维CAD零件尺寸自动标注的需求,探讨了以国标GB/T 24734为依据的在CAD系统中实现三维尺寸自动标注的技术.设计并实现了三维自动标注的算法,详细阐述了其相关的技术.该算法涉及零件基准识别、特征简化、表面分组、垂向投影标注以及零件特征还原等一系列技术.其中,特征简化和还原主要涉及特征和草图级别的倒角、圆角及阵列操作.为了便于尺寸的布局和识别,采用了表面分组和垂向投影标注的方法来对零件进行分解.以CAXA实体设计软件为平台,实现了上述算法,开发了自动标注模块,并验证了算法的可行性.     

Development and testing of a statistical texture model for land cover classification of the Black Sea region with MODIS imagery

A statistical model is proposed for analysis of the texture of land cover types for global and regional land cover classification by using texture features extracted by multiresolution image analysis techniques. It consists of four novel indices representing second-order texture, which are calculated after wavelet decomposition of an image and after texture extraction by a new approach that makes use of a four-pixel texture unit. The model was applied to four satellite images of the Black Sea region, obtained by Terra/MODIS and Aqua/MODIS at different spatial resolution. In single texture classification experiments, we used 15 subimages (50 × 50 pixels) of the selected classes of land covers that are present in the satellite images studied. These subimages were subjected to one-level and two-level decompositions by using orthonormal spline and Gabor-like spline wavelets. The texture indices were calculated and used as feature vectors in the supervised classification system with neural networks. The testing of the model was based on the use of two kinds of widely accepted statistical texture quantities: five texture features determined by the co-occurrence matrix (angular second moment, contrast, correlation, inverse difference moment, entropy), and four statistical texture features determined after the wavelet transformation (mean, standard deviation, energy, entropy). The supervised neural network classification was performed and the discrimination ability of the proposed texture indices was found comparable with that for the sets of five GLCM texture features and four wavelet-based texture features. The results obtained from the neural network classifier showed that the proposed texture model yielded an accuracy of 92.86% on average after orthonormal wavelet decomposition and 100% after Gabor-like wavelet decomposition for texture classification of the examined land cover types on satellite images.     

火星探测的主要科学问题

在太阳系的行星中,火星与地球之间存在最多的相似之处,因此,火星是一颗承载人类最多梦想的星球。火星有水和生命存在的问题,激发了人类火星探索的好奇心,成为人类持续探测火星的推动力。火星的起源和演化与太阳系形成过程的关系,火星与类地行星的共性和特性,是当代行星科学研究的重要内容。为了人类社会的可持续发展,火星可否改造成为适宜人类居住的绿色星球——这些是人类在火星探测中必须面对的重大科学问题。只有这些重大科学问题被一一解答,我们才能清晰地去思考地球和人类自身的未来！     

改进的SURF算法及其在电视制导中的应用

针对电视制导应用,提出了一种改进的SURF特征描述子目标跟踪算法。首先对SURF特征描述子的生成过程进行了改进,利用三角特征和对角特征设计了改进的SURF特征描述子,在保证区分能力的基础上提高了运算速度;基于SURF特征点匹配,设计了电视制导的匹配跟踪策略。仿真试验证明,基于改进SURF特征描述子的跟踪算法满足电视制导需求,同时运算速度达到了26f/s,比改进前提高了一倍以上,满足实时性要求。     

考虑不同四塔形式特大型冷却塔群风荷载极值分布特征与取值探讨

塔群干扰作用下特大型冷却塔表面风荷载分布非常复杂,尤其是极值模型更加难以预测。首先,以工程中最常见的串列、矩形、菱形、L形和斜L形五种四塔组合形式为例,进行了320种工况的世界最高220m特大型冷却塔群刚体测压风洞试验。然后,分析了特大型冷却塔局部风压和整体力系数的非高斯和非平稳特征,并基于Hermite法和峰值因子法对比探讨了特大型冷却塔的局部风压极值和整体力系数极值的分布规律,着重讨论了特征角度与局部、整体气动力极值之间的映射关系。最后,提出了冷却塔四塔塔群最大负压极值和整体力系数极值的数学计算模型,建议了考虑不同四塔干扰效应的四塔组合特大型冷却塔群一维极值风压系数估算公式,并验证了上述公式的精确度和有效性。主要研究结论表明:矩形、菱形和L形布置下特大型冷却塔最大负压极值均小于-3.40,矩形布置形式下的负压极值最大,菱形布置下出现强吸力现象的可能性较高;可基于特征角度与塔群脉动风荷载之间的线性关系对特大型冷却塔局部风压极值和整体力气动力极值进行有效预测。