Generation of Non-Gaussian Random Vibration Excitation Signal for Reliability Enhancement Test

During environment testing, the time histories of some dynamic environments follow non-Gaussian distribution. It is always assumed that the random vibration simulated follows Gaussian distribution, because the traditional digital random vibration control system can only supply the random vibration excitation signal of Gaussian. Yo simulate the real environment of product, a method is developed in this paper that can generate non-Gaussian random signal with specified power spectrum density （PSD）, skewness and kurtosis by shot noise. In this way, non-Gaussian random vibration can be produced on traditional electrodynamic shaker. It solves the problems of spectral valley and energy shortage in low frequency on omni-axis shaker. At last, the wavelet is used to analyze the non-Gaussian signal     

一种低轨卫星高灵敏度辅助定位服务系统

本文针对全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)接收机低信噪比环境下的快速定位需求,在充分分析扩频信号相干积分关键影响要素的基础上,设计了一种低轨卫星高灵敏度辅助定位服务系统。针对空间段信号发射机低相噪信号生成技术所需的参考源、时钟树给出了详细设计及指标分析,通过发射信号误差向量幅度EVM对比测试,所设计的发射信号(EVM)指标可控制在优于1.19%。针对系统服务能力进行了星地一体化性能测试,实验结果表明,该系统可有效实现终端在灵敏度提升12 dB前提下有效定位且辅助定位时间优于3.5分钟。     

Finding the suitable drag-free acceleration noise level for future low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking geodesy missions

This paper evaluates the impact of residual acceleration noise on the estimation of the Earth’s time-varying gravity field for future low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking missions. The goal is to determine the maximum level of residual acceleration noise that does not adversely affect the estimation error. The Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) has provided monthly average gravity field solutions in spherical harmonic coefficients for more than a decade. It provides information about land and ocean mass variations with a spatial resolution of ～350?km and with an accuracy within 2?cm throughout the entire Earth. GRACE Follow-on was launched in May 2018 to advance the work of GRACE and to test a new laser ranging interferometer, which measures the range between the two satellites with higher precision than the K-Band ranging system used in GRACE. Moreover, there have been simulation studies that show, an additional pair of satellites in an inclined orbit increases the sampling frequency and reduces temporal aliasing errors. Given the fact that future missions will likely continue to use the low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking formation with laser ranging interferometry, it is expected that the residual acceleration noise will become one of the largest error contributor for the time-variable gravity field solution. We evaluate three different levels of residual acceleration noise based on demonstrated drag-free systems to find a suitable drag-free performance target for upcoming geodesy missions. We analyze both a single collinear polar pair and the optimal double collinear pair of drag-free satellites and assume the use of a laser ranging interferometer. A partitioned best linear unbiased estimator that was developed, incorporating several novel features from the ground up is used to compute the solutions in terms of spherical harmonics. It was found that the suitable residual acceleration noise level is around 2?×?10^?12?ms^?2?Hz^?1/2. Decreasing the acceleration noise below this level did not result in more accurate gravity field solutions for the chosen mission architecture.     

Scaling procedures of cabin noise generated by turbulent boundary layer excitation

This paper presents a new method for measuring the cabin noise of a structure in a wind tunnel. A method for scaling the cabin sound was derived to obtain the cabin noise of a structure, and the derivation of the scaling procedure was based on a theoretical hypothesis regarding the cabin noise prediction for a scaled model in a wind tunnel. A frequency offset was generated because of the error introduced by model manufacture and installation, and a proposed modal test method was used to eliminate the frequency offset. Both a full-scale structure and scaled structure were measured in the wind tunnel tests. The cabin noise of the full-scale model was compared with the results obtained using the scaling procedure based on the scaled model. The comparisons of the measurement results indicate that the scaling procedures developed in this paper are effective for vibro-acoustic predictions in wind tunnels. Moreover, background noise tended to affect the results of the cabin sound for the wind tunnel test, and thus background noise should be prevented through specific design efforts.     

A new stochastic model considering satellite clock interpolation errors in precise point positioning

Precise clock products are typically interpolated based on the sampling interval of the observational data when they are used for in precise point positioning. However, due to the occurrence of white noise in atomic clocks, a residual component of such noise will inevitable reside within the observations when clock errors are interpolated, and such noise will affect the resolution of the positioning results. In this paper, which is based on a twenty-one-week analysis of the atomic clock noise characteristics of numerous satellites, a new stochastic observation model that considers satellite clock interpolation errors is proposed. First, the systematic error of each satellite in the IGR clock product was extracted using a wavelet de-noising method to obtain the empirical characteristics of atomic clock noise within each clock product. Then, based on those empirical characteristics, a stochastic observation model was structured that considered the satellite clock interpolation errors. Subsequently, the IGR and IGS clock products at different time intervals were used for experimental validation. A verification using 179 stations worldwide from the IGS showed that, compared with the conventional model, the convergence times using the stochastic model proposed in this study were respectively shortened by 4.8% and 4.0% when the IGR and IGS 300-s-interval clock products were used and by 19.1% and 19.4% when the 900-s-interval clock products were used. Furthermore, the disturbances during the initial phase of the calculation were also effectively improved.     

高超声速流动中噪声与湍流度的关系

在不可压缩流动中，湍流度对流动失稳与转捩的影响机制有很多研究成果，已发展了一些依据其大小预测流动转捩的模型应用于工程设计。但在高速可压缩流动中，湍流度很难测量，给该速域的流动转捩预测建模带来困难。近年来的研究表明，高速流场（马赫数≥3）中的噪声是影响流动转捩提前与推迟，甚至决定转捩途径的关键因素。但流场噪声与湍流度对流场的激励机制有没有内在联系，或流场噪声与湍流度理论上是否存在相互关联，迄今仍缺少理论分析结果。由于可压缩流场中噪声的测量相对容易，因此探讨流场噪声与湍流度之间的定量关系具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。讨论了Euler系统中各类双曲波特性，重点分析了流场声波中脉动压力与脉动速度的本质联系，从理论上得到了声压级与声致湍流度的关系。同时，为了对影响湍流度的因素有更全面的认识，导出了非声扰动与非声致湍流度的关系。为建立高速流动转捩预测模型和探讨天地一致性问题，奠定了一定的研究基础。     

斜下降旋翼桨涡干扰声源定位及表面压力

旋翼桨-涡干扰（BVI）是直升机在进场和离场等近地飞行时后行桨叶切割前行桨叶脱落桨尖涡产生的气动扰动，该扰动不仅对桨叶表面压力载荷产生激励作用，同时也会引起旋翼噪声出现激增，旋翼噪声激增的主要成分为桨-涡干扰噪声。本文首先对斜下降桨-涡干扰状态桨叶表面载荷进行数值计算；然后分别阐述了基于改进整周期同步平均旋翼噪声去噪方法、基于多层小波包分解的桨-涡干扰声源识别和分离方法以及基于bartlett时延计算和球面插值的声源定位方法，设计并开展了风洞斜下降状态桨-涡干扰桨叶表面压力和声源定位试验，给出了开发的声源定位软件界面、声源定位图像畸变校准方法及声阵列现场校准方法；最后对比分析了不同试验状态的桨-涡干扰噪声声源特性以及和桨叶表面压力之间的关联性，并给出了声源定位及表面压力试验数据分析结果。结果表明典型斜下降状态后行侧桨-涡干扰主要出现在方位角310°~330°、径向位置1.6~1.8 m桨盘平面区域。     

基于BP神经网络和遗传算法对再循环风扇性能参数的确定

环控系统再循环风扇主要采用轴流风机。全压效率是衡量风机性能的重要指标,轮毂比和叶片数是影响风机全压效率的重要参数。因此,为了使全压效率最大,需要确定最佳的轮毂比和叶片数。利用ANSYS软件中的CFX模块,对不同轮毂比和叶片数下的风机模型进行计算,得到这些风机模型的性能曲线和全压效率。再通过神经网络和遗传算法,对这些风机模型的全压效率进行寻优计算,最终确定风机最佳的轮毂比和叶片数。     

A model-scale test on noise from single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries in static conditions

A model-scale test with single-stream nozzle exhaust geometries was carried out at the anechoic chamber of Beihang University in Beijing, China. The spectral characteristics are investigated, and the effects of the following parametric variations are reported in this paper: impact of nozzle operating conditions on spectra; impact of the presence of a plug; and effectiveness of chevron configurations for noise mitigation. The measurement shows that the change of pressure values has more impact on spectra than the change of temperature values. The spectral change due to pressure is shown at all band numbers for unheated conditions whereas it is more pronounced at high-frequency ranges for heated conditions. An impact of the presence of a plug is also clearly observed. The reduction of noise is moderate up to band number of 35, and becomes more significant at higher band numbers. It is observed that chevron nozzles are more efficient at high pressure and temperature values. It is expected that the quantified analysis will be used to develop an empirical model of single jet noise, which will be the baseline for the development of prediction of noise from turbofan engines of high bypass ratios.     

基于Kirchhoff方法的跨音速螺旋桨的气动声学计算

本文采用Kirchhof方法计算双桨叶Hartzel跨音速螺旋桨的远场气动噪声。Kirchhoff面为包围整个螺旋桨的固定圆柱面,首先采用FLOWer软件包直接求解Euler方程得到圆柱内和圆柱面上的近场气动流场解,然后根据Kirchhof方法求解远场声场。通过计算详细研究了圆柱的直径和高度对远场声场的影响,以及圆柱各部分对远场声压的贡献,文中同时给出了Farassat线性方法的计算结果。