基于分离策略的航天器多故障模式诊断方法

针对定性模型诊断方法在处理多故障模式复杂系统时计算量大,不能满足航天器自主诊断实时性要求的问题,提出了新的诊断方法。为了减小冲突识别的实时计算规模,引入冲突识别的分离策略,提出了解析冗余计算方法。扩展了候选产生算法,先识别可能的异常部件,再通过冲突环境对异常部件的故障类型进行确定,在实现多故障模式系统故障诊断的同时,缩小了匹配空间。以某卫星一次电源系统为例,通过与现有算法进行对比,验证了本文的方法能够有效地减小诊断的规模,提高诊断效率,满足航天器自主诊断的需求。     

国外航天器在轨故障统计与分析

统计和分析航天器在轨实际发生的故障,可以从中发现在轨故障发生的规律,并指导航天器采取预防或纠正措施。文章在收集航天器在轨故障的基础上,划分了故障的类别,总结了故障发生趋势。对航天器平台而言,控制、供配电、推进3个分系统的故障所占比例最高。针对航天器供配电、综合电子、推进、热控、环控生保等分系统的故障进行了统计,并分析了...     

飞船降落伞系统的可靠性建模

飞船降落伞系统中设计有主伞包开关判别和速度判别两个主伞系状态监测装置,这使得飞船降落伞系统具有其自身特点.主伞包开关判别和速度判别装置各自具有两类任务可靠性,且它们各自的监测范围不同.采用冷贮备模型描述飞船降落伞系统可靠性时,需基于一定的假设,不能准确地描述飞船降落伞系统的可靠性.为此,在分析飞船降落伞系统自身特点和冷贮备模型局限性的基础上,采用事件树方法,建立了飞船降落伞系统的可靠性事件树和更为准确的可靠性数学模型.该模型更具一般性,能更准确地反映飞船降落伞系统的可靠性.     

某发动机低频不稳定燃烧的消除

根据发动机热试车出现的低频不稳定燃烧现象，分析了产品的故障模式，建立了相关零组件模型。对相关零件进行了改进设计，消除了发动机低频不稳定燃烧现象。     

航天器共因失效分析与预防初探

简要介绍了共因失效相关概念及分析方法,通过共因失效案例分析,对航天器如何开展共因失效分析以及如何预防共因失效进行了初步探讨,提出了航天器开展共因失效分析的定性和定量方法以及预防共因失效的措施。     

对某装备任务系统软件故障的研究

通过对任务系统软件故障进行定位和分析，提出了基于互斥信号量对获取数据进行现场保护及在任务管理区增加对时间的容错处理的解决措施，并对其进行了分析和验证。     

基于PIC＋FPGA飞机直流供电系统设备故障预测研究

针对飞机直流供电系统中直流设备工作情况，本文利用FPGA双进程有限状态机方法控制A／D转换器，快速准确采样多路信号。用模糊理论的建议语言规则，结合PIC单片机的控制优势，从而解决飞机直流供电系统设备故障预测报警。     

Reconfigurable Flight Control Design for Combat Flying Wing with Multiple Control Surfaces

With control using redundant multiple control surface arrangement and large-deflection drag rudders,a combat flying wing has a higher probability for control surface failures.Therefore,its flight control system must be able to reconfigure after such failures.Considering three types of typical control surface failures(lock-in-place(LIP),loss-of-effectiveness(LOE) and float),flight control reconfiguration characteristic and capability of such aircraft types are analyzed.Because of the control surface redundancy,the aircraft using the dynamic inversion flight control law already has a control allocation block.In this paper,its flight control configuration during the above failures is achieved by modifying this block.It is shown that such a reconfigurable flight control design is valid,through numerical simulations of flight attitude control task.Results indicate that,in the circumstances of control surface failures with limited degree and the degradation of the flying quality level,a combat flying wing adopting this flight control reconfiguration approach based on control allocation could guarantee its flight safety and perform some flight combat missions.     

Administrative reform of Japanese Space Policy Structures in 2012

In Japan, there are several government ministries and agencies with important roles in the development and use of space. In 2012, Japan restructured its administrative organs related to the development and use of space through legal amendments to the original acts that established these organs. Although this was an important administrative reform that took four years of planning and discussion to accomplish, this restructuring has not been communicated well outside of Japan. This study provides the first comprehensive overview of the recent legal changes in Japanese space policy. In contrast to some reports, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) still has primary responsibility for the finances and personnel of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). This continues to be true even after the Cabinet Office begins its new role as the focal point for formulating Japanese space policy. It remains to be seen how the policy direction of the Cabinet Office will interact with the operational, financial, and personnel responsibilities of MEXT. I argue that knowledge of the roles of MEXT and the Cabinet Office in space policy, and the tension between the two organizations, is key to understanding Japan's future space policy decision-making process. By tracing the history of Japanese space policy since 2001, I also suggest that if bureaucrats had thought more deeply before making major reforms to space policy and its administration, there would have been less confusion over the development of national space policy this past decade. This paper concludes by identifying some key elements to monitor in the coming years of Japan's space policy.     

纤维增强涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法及试验验证

针对连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析问题,基于宏-细观力学跨尺度分析方法,建立细观力学代表性体积元(RVE)模型,通过编程模拟实现模型的周期性边界条件,计算纤维增强复合材料应力响应,将其均值应力转化为真实应力,确定失效包线。建立连续纤维增强轴结构力学模型,计算轴结构在扭转载荷下的应力响应。通过复合材料层合板主偏轴关系应力转化,将危险单元各方向宏观应力响应计算结果转化到细观力学RVE模型上,即为细观力学RVE模型受载情况。结合细观力学失效边界确定复合材料轴结构危险位置失效模式,当扭转载荷达到5 000～5 500 N·m之间,复合材料最外层即层6(+45°)首先达到基体拉伸失效载荷。开展复合材料轴结构失效模式试验,在扭转载荷达到6 000 N·m时,声发射信号相互叠加,大部分均为中频信号,中频信号多为基体、界面开裂信号。与模拟仿真计算结果对比分析,验证连续纤维增强复合材料涡轮轴结构失效模式分析方法的有效性。利用所建立模型预测了某型发动机低压涡轮轴的失效载荷及失效模式。