Drop test and crash simulation of a civil airplane fuselage section

Crashworthiness of a civil airplane fuselage section was studied in this paper. Firstly, the failure criterion of a rivet was studied by test, showing that the ultimate tension and shear failure loads were obviously affected by the loading speed. The relations between the loading speed and the average ultimate shear, tension loads were expressed by two logarithmic functions. Then, a vertical drop test of a civil airplane fuselage section was conducted with an actual impact velocity of6.85 m/s, meanwhile the deformation of cabin frame and the accelerations at typical locations were measured. The finite element model of a main fuselage structure was developed and validated by modal test, and the error between the calculated frequencies and the test ones of the first four modes were less than 5%. Numerical simulation of the drop test was performed by using the LS-DYNA code and the simulation results show a good agreement with that of drop test. Deforming mode of the analysis was the same as the drop test; the maximum average rigid acceleration in test was 8.81 g while the calculated one was 9.17 g, with an error of 4.1%; average maximum test deformation at four points on the front cabin floor was 420 mm, while the calculated one was 406 mm, with an error of 3.2%; the peak value of the calculated acceleration at a typical location was 14.72 g, which is lower than the test result by 5.46%; the calculated rebound velocity result was greater than the test result 17.8% and energy absorption duration was longer than the test result by 5.73%.     

发动机反推力系统安全性设计

通过分析发动机反推力系统适航规章25.933、相关的适航咨询通告和背景资料,以及民用飞机反推力系统空难事故,获得了反推力系统设计的总体安全性要求,为国内反推力系统的安全性设计提供了重要的指导.运用系统安全性评估的方法对某型号反推力系统的初步方案进行了分析.结果表明:系统架构设计中存在单一故障导致反推力装置意外打开,不满足反推力系统总体安全性要求.为了消除该单一故障,提出了将同步锁的控制独立于反推控制器(EAU)的更改方案.这不仅明显提高了某型号反推力系统的安全性,也对以后其他型号反推力系统的设计具有重要的借鉴意义.      

高超声速二维钝楔边界层参数分析

为了指导二元高超声速进气道型面设计,基于两类高超声速二维钝楔外形,采用高精度CFD方法计算了四种典型工况下二维钝楔边界层参数,分析了前缘半径、壁面温度、压力梯度对边界层参数的影响,得出了边界层位移厚度、边界层总压恢复及壁面压力梯度沿流向的变化规律。研究表明,前缘半径及壁面温度对边界层参数影响较大,在两者一定的情况下,逆压梯度使边界层位移厚度增速放缓,顺压梯度会使边界层位移厚度快速增长。     

复合材料结构系统的可靠性分析方法

 <正> This paper presents a full quantity loading method for reliability analysis of composite structural systems in consideration of degradation of the structural Stiffness. According to the value of utilization ratios of members, critical members can be found out. The way of composing the critical members in groups is used to enumerate and identify significant failure modes. Some kinds of principles of deletion and mergence of failure modes are adopted. Some illustrative examples show that the method is vety efficient, especially for large scale composite structural system.     

起落架结构系统失效分析方法研究

讨论结构系统失效分析方法。以某机起落架结构系统为例进行可靠性分析,给出了:可靠度函数R(t)、失效概率函数F(t)、失效概率密度函数f(t)和失效率λ(t)曲线,并计算寿命期内的可靠度。     

平尾积冰对飞机纵向气动参数的影响

建立飞机纵向动力学模型,基于最大似然参数估计原理,设计用于辨识飞机纵向气动参数的辨识系统,并对辨识系统的正确性和精确度进行了验证.以DHC-6飞机飞行试验数据为依据,对未积冰飞机和两种平尾积冰冰型的飞机进行纵向气动参数辨识,通过对比3种情况下飞机纵向气动参数的辨识结果,定量分析了平尾积冰对飞机纵向气动参数的影响.结果表明:平尾积冰将导致飞机纵向气动特性恶化,俯仰阻尼可减小15％,升降舵效率可降低20％,对飞行稳定性、操纵性以及飞行安全构成一定的威胁.     

纤维增强钛基复合材料横向拉伸性能数值模拟

为研究SiC/Ti-6AL-4V纤维增强钛基复合材料在横向拉伸载荷下的力学特性,建立了三维细观有限元模型;利用ANSYS软件接触单元和内聚力材料模型,对其制备残余热应力及横向拉伸载荷下的界面脱粘、基体失效进行了数值模拟。结果表明:考虑界面材料属性的细观力学有限元单胞模型,可较好地模拟纤维增强钛基复合材料在横向拉伸载荷下的界面脱粘、基体失效;横向拉伸载荷下,复合材料基体细观结构内部应力分布不均导致基体材料利用率下降,是造成复合材料横向强度低于基体材料强度的主要原因。     

搭接长度对CFRP-Al双搭接接头应变分布和失效模式的影响

首先,采用碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（CFRP）与Al制备不同搭接长度双搭接胶接试验件,利用万能试验机进行拉伸试验,获得载荷-位移曲线和胶接接头失效形貌。然后,依据试验数据,基于连续损伤力学模型和3D Hashin失效判据模拟CFRP层合板损伤与演化,使用内聚力模型模拟胶层和基体损伤,获得CFRP层间应力分布与截面应力分布曲线。最后,在此基础上分析不同搭接长度下双搭接接头载荷-位移曲线与接头破坏模式,研究CFRP内部铺层应力分布对失效形貌影响,探究不同搭接长度下双搭接接头破坏机制。结果表明：搭接长度由20 mm增加至40 mm时,胶接接头力学性能显著提高;搭接长度大于40 mm后,搭接长度对力学性能的影响逐渐减弱。拉伸载荷导致90°纤维附近基体的1和2方向应力较大,产生应力集中,接头发生剪切与剥离破坏。双搭接接头失效过程为一侧发生剪切与剥离破坏,接头转变为单搭接结构,之后瞬间发生失稳,较大的剥离力使接头另一侧发生破坏。     

中介轴承多点故障动力学建模和仿真分析

针对中介轴承故障理论尚不完善这个缺点,特别是中介轴承多点故障机理认识不清,基于非线性Hertz接触理论,采用时变位移激励函数对中介轴承内、外圈同时存在的故障进行描述,建立中介轴承多点故障4自由度动力学模型.搭建中介轴承故障实验台,对中介轴承多点故障进行试验模拟,通过对比试验数据与动力学数值仿真结果发现,故障特征频率仿真...     

具有牵引失效自检测功能的高负载比微型拖曳机器人设计方法

针对微型机器人受体积制约而难以实现拖曳大负载的问题,设计了1种基于楔形刚毛阵列黏附脚掌原理,具有牵引失效自检测功能的微型拖曳机器人.该机器人采用轮式结构,通过执行机构对黏附脚掌的加载和脱附,将拖曳负载过程与机器人自身移动过程分开,使负载与机器人在平面上做尺蠖运动,实现微型机器人拖曳超过自身重量数百倍的负载.在此基础上,...