火箭橇体进水现象研究

在考核过载承受能力的火箭橇试验后,橇体内发现有水,从空气动力学的角度,对火箭橇体进水现象进行了初步分析,并利用FLUENT软件对进水原因进行了初步研究,通过分析,发现结构在穿越跨音速阶段时,由于内外压差的变化将导致内部或外部产生水汽。该发现为结构设计提供有益的建议。     

Satellite launch vehicle effect on the Earth’s lower ionosphere: A case study

The effect of the rocket exhaust products on the D-region of the ionosphere is investigated with the help of Very low frequency (VLF) electromagnetic wave propagation characteristics within the Earth-ionosphere waveguide. The changes in the electron density profile are computed from the observed VLF signal amplitude perturbations about 3 dB during the rocket launch. We find a localized electron depletion in the lower ionosphere at an altitude of around 58 km, that is thought to be originated by the attachment of ionospheric ion and molecular hydrogen along with water molecule in the exhaust product of first stage burn of Geosynchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV) rocket at the time of GSLV launched from Sriharikota, India, on 27 August 2015 at 11:22 UT (16:52 IST). The ionospheric depletion perturbed the navigational VLF signal (VTX = 17 kHz) 134 s after the launch of the GSLV rocket.     

Three-dimensional numerical analysis on combustion performance and flow of hybrid rocket motor with multi-segmented grain

This paper presents the combustion characteristics in hybrid rocket motors with multi-segmented grain through three-dimensional numerical simulations. Multi-segmented grain is composed of several thin grains with two or more ports. The numerical model consists of Navier-Stokes equations with turbulence, solid fuel pyrolysis, chemical reactions, a fluid–solid coupling model and a regression rate model. The simulations adopt 90% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP) and PolyEthylene (PE) as the propellant combination. The effects of the rotation, port number, fuel grain segment number and mid-chamber length on the flow field and combustion performances are analyzed. The results indicate that the multi-segmented grain configuration can strengthen the flow field, and the regression rate and combustion efficiency are enhanced. Take the cases with two grain segments and three ports for example, the regression rate is increased by 32.4%−45.1% and the combustion efficiency increases by 6%−8.6% in different rotation angles.     

Experimental study on plasma jet deflection and energy extraction with MHD control

This paper presents an integrated research scheme for vector deflection and energy extraction in a gas plasma jet under Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) control. A MHD-controlled thrust-vector test rig was used to conduct the experimental research. A gas plasma was obtained by injecting ionization seeds of Cs₂CO₃ into the combustion chamber via artificially forced ionization. The effects of the gas temperature and ionization seed mass fraction on the plasma jet deflection and energy extraction were experimentally verified under an applied magnetic field. The experimental results were analyzed theoretically. The results showed that the deflection amplitude of the gas plasma jet and the extracted voltage signal intensity increased with increasing gas temperature and the ionization seed mass fraction. The extracted dynamic voltage signals proved that the ionization seeds of Cs₂CO₃ induced gas ionization at 1173 K. The experiment verified that it is feasible to simultaneously achieve jet deflection and extract energy under the action of an external magnetic field.     

水下超声速射流对上浮水雷受力特性影响研究

固体火箭发动机具有功率密度大、推力大等优势,常被用于上浮水雷的推进器。然而发动机在水下工作时燃气射流使流场压力发生剧烈脉动,进而影响发动机的推力性能及上浮水雷的受力特性。基于VOF多相流模型和理想气体模型,建立了上浮水雷在不同工作状态(欠膨胀、完全膨胀、过膨胀)下的数值模型,研究了水下燃气喷射流对上浮水雷的受力特性影响。结果显示,欠膨胀工况时,发动机推力平缓,大小为12.2KN,上浮水雷受力未出现负值;完全膨胀时,射流发生颈缩、胀鼓现象位置距离雷体较远,导致发动机推力及水雷壳体受力振荡不剧烈;过膨胀工况时,射流发生颈缩、胀鼓现象距离喷管较近,发动机推力发生剧烈脉动,产生21.37%的振荡幅度,胀鼓现象发生时,流场压力显著降低使得上浮水雷后体受力减小,壳体阻力增大,上浮水雷最大产生27KN的负推力。     

基于综合模糊聚类算法的液体火箭发动机故障诊断

基于液体火箭发动机正常及故障状况数据的完备程度和数据质量的不断提高,提出一种基于数据驱动的综合模糊聚类算法用于故障诊断。采用模糊c均值(FCM)算法对已知正常样本数据进行聚类得到最优的聚类中心,将所得到的聚类中心作为先验样本数据用于传递闭包法最优分类结果的选择从而得到故障检测结果,该算法只需要少量的正常先验样本数据就能快速、准确的检测出故障;随后采用FCM算法进行故障分类,可以根据现有的故障数据库进行聚类得到对应的故障类型,并且可以给出故障幅值范围。模型仿真结果表明:该算法对故障的检测率可达968%,故障隔离率达到94%。某型液体火箭发动机实际试车数据结果表明:该故障诊断算法能够准确及时的检测并隔离出故障。     

双脉冲固体火箭发动机隔舱打开与破片运动过程模拟

相比传统固体火箭发动机,具有能量管理特性的双脉冲固体火箭发动机结构更为复杂,为了提高其工作可靠性,针对核心部件金属隔舱的破片运动过程开展了数值仿真与试验研究。首先基于LS-DYNA软件,分析中引入监测函数、逻辑开关函数和加载驱动函数,模拟燃气流对破片的连续作用力,计算得到了在不同时刻破片的空间分布规律、撞击点位置及发动机内部损伤情况,保证了破片运动过程的高保真还原。其次,为了验证仿真结果的准确性,进行了模拟二脉冲初始工况的热流试验,发现破片撞击位置及损伤程度的仿真结果与试验数据一致性较高,其中撞击位置的预示误差小于9%,试验结果充分验证了有限元模型的准确性。由此,建立了适用于双脉冲固体火箭发动机金属隔舱破片运动过程的分析模型,实现了破片撞击位置及损伤程度的高精度预示。     

嫦娥四号动力下降段图像可视化传输方案

针对嫦娥四号降落相机在动力下降段的图像可视化传输需求和深空通信下行数传信道带宽受限的矛盾,文章提出了一种动力下降段速率自适应的可视化图像传输方案,对如何保证降落相机图像下传的实时性、完整性、速率自适应性等关键问题进行了讨论,并对方案中涉及的抽帧回放算法、帧格式识别方法、合路调度算法等关键技术进行了详细说明。同时,文中给出了该方案在嫦娥四号在轨的验证情况,结果表明,在数传通信速率受限的情况下该方案实现了降落相机图像的存储管理和可视化下传,具有实时性高、速率自适应、图像下传完整等特点,可以为其他航天器数据管理系统设计提供参考。     

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术研究现状

液体火箭发动机健康监控技术是改进和提高运载火箭、航天器可靠性与安全性的核心技术之一,对其进行研究具有重要的学术价值和工程应用价值。液体火箭发动机健康监控技术的研究主要包括液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法、液体火箭发动机健康监控系统两方面。该文介绍了基于模型驱动的方法、基于数据驱动的方法和基于人工智能的方法,阐明了液体火箭发动机故障检测与诊断理论方法的研究现状,通过对美国液体火箭发动机典型健康监控系统的介绍,阐明了液体火箭发动机健康监控系统研究的若干进展及现状,并对液体火箭推进系统健康监控技术的演变趋势作了简要评述。     

PE燃料热解过程对H2O2-PE固液发动机点火的影响

通过85%H2O2-PE固液火箭发动机中含有液体层的燃料热解模型,计算了PE燃料的热解过程,分析了燃料热解过程对点火时间的影响,计算结果和试验值一致。H2O2的流量对点火过程起决定性作用,当氧化剂流量低于最小点火流量时,发动机将无法点火。