Experimental investigation on deformation behavior of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant subjected to principal stress rotation

The knowledge of mechanical properties of lunar soil is of fundamental importance for the coming exploration of the Moon. This paper aims to investigate the fundamental deformation behavior of lunar soil and the effects of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress during the principal stress rotation. First, an improved technique was proposed to generate homogeneous samples based on the Multi-layer Undercompaction Method. Second, three series of tests on TJ-1 lunar soil simulant under the principal stress rotation were performed with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Tongji University, China. In each series of tests, only one value of the three variables mentioned above was changed while the others were kept constant. The test results demonstrate that the rotation of principal stress can result in significant plastic deformation, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality (non-coincidence of the increment direction of principal plastic strain with the principal stress direction) of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant. In addition, it is found that the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress have different influences on the four strain components, i.e. _εz,_εr,_εθ${\epsilon }_z\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\text{r}}\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\theta }$ and _γzθ${\gamma }_{z\theta }$, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality during the principal stress rotation. The influence of deviatoric stress ratio is relatively stronger than the others. Therefore, the influence of principal stress rotation on the deformation behavior of lunar soil should be taken into account carefully in the design and construction of facilities on the lunar surface in the future.     

The effect of neglecting VLBI reference station clock offsets on UT1 estimates

Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) allows to monitor universal time (UT1) by conducting regular international experiments. Such dedicated observation networks are equipped with different hardware components, which require different processing strategies when the data are correlated. As the timing units at each stations are usually offset with respect to universal time (UTC) this effect should be considered during correlation processing. Thus, it is investigated how neglecting of these offsets theoretically impacts the estimation of UT1. Three different strategies for the proper handling of the timing offset will be discussed and their advantages/drawbacks will be pointed out. Moreover, it is studied how neglecting of these timing offsets affects UT1 time-series and how such a missing correction can be applied a posteriori. Although the discussed effect is for most of the UT1 experiments smaller than the formal error of the estimates, it is important to consider station clock offsets properly in next-generation VLBI systems, which are expected to improve accuracy of results by about one order of magnitude.     

大攻角条件下的二维进气道型面优化设计

基于一维气体动力学,以进气道前体楔面楔角为优化设计参数,以总压恢复系数、流量系数最大及阻力系数最小为优化目标,对二维进气道外型面进行了优化设计,并综合考虑了大攻角条件下的位于背风面与迎风面上进气道面临的不同来流条件.在优化设计中,采用改进后的NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法.在问题求解中,对NSGA-Ⅱ算法的交叉算子及优选策略进行了改进.优化结果表明.总压恢复系数与阻力系数的优化结果具有一致性,即二者可同时达到最优;第一级楔角的大小对流量系数的影响显著.对优化结果进行了数值模拟,数值模拟结果表明,文中设计的型面构型满足设计要求.该设计方法可用于二维进气道型面考虑攻角条件下的初步设计.     

角速率输入下圆锥补偿算法的一般形式

传统圆锥补偿算法直接应用于由速率陀螺组成的捷联惯导系统时,算法误差明显增大.为抑制算法误差,提出了一种以角速率为输入信号,任意子样数圆锥补偿算法(包括改进算法)的一般形式,并在典型圆锥运动条件下以算法漂移误差最小为优化准则,推导了相应的圆锥补偿系数方程和算法误差表达式.利用给出的公式,求解一个线性方程组即可得到圆锥补偿系数,可方便快捷的设计任意子样数的角速率圆锥补偿算法以及改进算法.仿真结果表明,所设计的改进算法比同子样数常规角速率圆锥补偿算法在精度上有明显提高.      

影响PCL系统探测性能的因素分析

给出了可选作无源探测系统辐射源的信号参数,分析了目标的双基地等效反射面积、接收机噪声系数、干扰电平的组成及其相应的处理方法、PCL系统有效带宽和积累增益的关系,并对PCL系统的灵敏度和覆盖范围进行了研究.以此为基础,重新推导了双基地无源探测的距离方程.最后通过仿真分析了PCL系统可以获得的性能及其关键确定因素.     

液体火箭上面级发动机用超低比转数泵研究

为了研制出液体火箭上面级发动机用高性能超低比转数离心泵,采用变曲率复合离心轮、加大流量法等设计措施,设计了比转数分别为24和33的两种高速小流量高扬程离心泵,并应用Fluent流体计算软件对其内流场进行了分析计算。所设计的泵已参加了相关试验,试验结果表明泵性能稳定,扬程曲线无“驼峰”,功率无过载,达到了设计目的。     

第2009卡林顿周太阳活动的初步分析

介绍了第 2 0 0 9卡林顿周大黑子群AR484,AR486和AR488产生的太阳活动以及这些太阳活动对地球空间环境造成的影响。依据对太阳活动的统计研究 ,简要分析了三个大黑子群活动的差异。分析结果指出 ,关注某一时期太阳活动的活动经度带以及太阳活动在某一半球的主次是解决太阳活动短期预报非常重要的思路     

飞机高升力系统扭力管旋转角度测试方法

在飞机地面模拟试验环境下需要测试高升力系统襟翼扭力管旋转角度.由于扭力管属于系统试验件,在不改变试验环境构型的情况下不可截断或更换安装用于测试扭力管旋转角度的旋转编码器.本文利用同步轮法实现了在不破坏扭力管前提下安装旋转编码器测试扭力管旋转角度,方法简单、可靠,且容易实现,很好的满足了试验大纲要求.     

一种小天体旋转参数估计方法

小天体旋转参数是科学数据,也是小天体测绘,着陆导航的基础数据.研究一种在小天体探测接近段过程中使用的基于图像上特征点跟踪和扩展卡尔曼滤波器的小天体旋转参数估计方法.该方法首先建立小天体旋转关系模型,表示小天体在相机坐标系中的姿态变化;然后定义小天体旋转的状态方程,推到了扩展卡尔曼滤波器的计算过程.通过对观测图像序列上的特征点跟踪,利用扩展卡尔曼滤波器方法得到小天体旋转轴指向和自转角速度估计.实验中,在仿真相机与小天体相机100 km距离上,分析了相机坐标系小天体坐标系之间的四元数初值,图像上特征点跟踪精度,相机的观测指向等因素对小天体旋转参数估计精度的影响.实验结果表明,提出的基于图像特征点跟踪和扩展卡尔曼滤波器的小天体旋转参数估计方法能够得到具有较高精度的估计结果.     

旋转光滑直通道湍流流动二维热线实验

采用二维热线测量了旋转光滑直通道内不同流向位置上的平均速度和雷诺应力。实验结果表明:较高的当地旋转参数使得旋转对平均速度的影响区域扩大并且导致了前缘面附近湍流流动的再层流化。后缘面附近无量纲主流平均速度型严格按照旋转数顺序依次排列,且在对数律区呈现对数律分布。与此同时,所有无量纲雷诺应力分量在后缘面附近基本不受旋转影响。再层流化导致了前缘面附近无量纲主流平均速度型无法在对数律区维持对数律分布,且所有雷诺应力分量都随着旋转数和流向位置半径增大不断衰减;经过u-v象限分析,再层流化现象的直接原因被归于湍流脉动生成减少。