Stellar winds of massive stars in M31

We have obtained the first UV high resolution spectra of hot luminous stars in M31 with the FOS onHubble Space Telescope. The spectra, combined with optical spectroscopic and photometric observations, enable us to study their stellar winds and photospheric parameters. We derive mass-loss rates and velocity laws from the wind line profiles, with the SEI method, as well as information on abundances. The wind lines and photospheric spectra are compared with galactic stars of the same spectral type.The spectra analyzed so far indicate that the stars have mass-loss rates comparable or slightly lower than galactic stars of the same spectral type, but possibly different velocity laws in their winds. The spectra of two stars are discussed here.     

乡镇财政风险的外部因素分析及对策

乡镇财政风险影响着基层政权的正常运转与稳定，是制约地方经济发展，关系社会稳定的重大问题。近几年，随着我国农村税费改革的推进，乡镇财政潜伏的风险和隐患也日益增多。文章仅就造成乡镇财政风险的外部因素进行了分析，并提出了规范政府行为、完善财税管理体制、提高财政资源使用效率等对策建议。     

锚固站数量及布局对导航星座自主定轨影响分析

针对导航星座自主定轨中的星座整体旋转问题,采用增设少量地面锚固站的方法可有效解决该问题。通过推导星地距离对卫星轨道升交点赤经的偏导数,证明了星地距离对卫星轨道升交点赤经可观。仅考虑在我国大陆范围内布设锚固站的条件下,仿真分析了锚固站数量以及布局对导航星座自主定轨精度的影响。仿真实验结果表明:采用3个以上的锚固站,即可有效控制星座整体旋转,在14d的仿真时段内卫星自主定轨精度保持4m以内;锚固站数量越多,自主定轨精度越高,但随着锚固站数量的增加,自主定轨精度改善程度越来越小;在保持4个锚固站的情形下,采用不同的锚固站布局方案,自主定轨精度并无明显差别。     

圆锥形薄壁壳体的弹性稳定性

基于Donnell型扁壳理论,利用法分析了在均布外压作用下圆锥形薄壁壳体的弹性稳定性问题。根据外压实验观察结果和通过选取适当的位移分量表达式,文中给出了临界外压的近似表达式。数值结果表明,本文理论分析预示值与临界载荷的实验值很吻合。文中还对有关参数对临界载荷的影响进行了讨论。本文所得结果可供工程应用参考。     

公共设施投资的决策模型探讨

公共设施投资的成本与产生的社会福利如何比较，社会效益的提高有多大等等一系列基本问题为政府所关心。这一问题的解决需要通过结合公共经济学的原理与近几年出现的一些新观点做出系统的可行性分析模型加以解决。本文就是基于公共经济学的理论并结合了笔者的一些新的观点所作的常识性的探索。     

商务英语模糊语语境顺应性研究

商务英语是国际商务活动的重要语言载体。模糊语在商务英语中有着不可替代的语用功能。以商务活动中的内部沟通语境和对外沟通语境为视角,对在这两种语境下商务英语模糊语的应用规律进行分析研究,应用顺应性理论对其进行解释,阐明在实际应用中应遵循这些规律,做到＂内外有别＂。对准确使用商务英语,提高商务沟通效率以及促进商务英语的教学等方面都有重要的意义。     

Mechanism of error propagation from the subdaily Universal Time model into the celestial pole offsets estimated by VLBI

Within the analysis of space geodetic observations, errors of the applied subdaily Earth rotation model can induce systematic effects in different estimated parameters. In this paper, we focus on the impact of the subdaily Universal Time (UT1) model on the celestial pole offsets (CPO) estimated from very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations. We provide a mechanism that describes the error propagation from the subdaily UT1 into the daily CPO.In typical 24-h VLBI sessions the observed quasars are well distributed over the sky. But the observations, if looked at from the Earth-fixed frame, are not homogeneously distributed. The amount of observations performed in different terrestrial directions shows an irregularity which can be roughly compared to the case where the observations are collected in only one Earth-fixed direction. This peculiarity leads to artefacts in VLBI solutions, producing a correlation between the subdaily variations in UT1 and the position of the celestial pole. As a result errors in diurnal terms of the subdaily UT1 model are partly compensated by the estimated CPO. We compute for each 24-h VLBI session from 1990 until 2011 the theoretical response of the CPO to an error in the subdaily UT1 by setting up a least-squares adjustment model and using as input the coordinates of the observed quasars and observation epochs. Then real observed response of the estimated CPO derived from the VLBI session solutions is compared to the predicted one. A very good agreement between the CPO values estimated from VLBI and the predicted values was achieved. The presented model of error propagation from the subdaily UT1 into the daily CPO allows to predict and explain the behaviour of CPO estimates of VLBI solutions computed with different subdaily Earth rotation models, what can be helpful for testing the accuracy of different subdaily tidal models.     

VHF/UHF振幅闪烁和VHF快速法拉弟旋转起伏

本文利用1988年9月至1989年5月在武昌(114.4°E,30.6°N)同时接收日本ETS-Ⅱ卫星(130.0°E)发出的VHF(136MHz)信标信号和苏联静止站-T卫星(99.0°E)发出的UHP(714MHz)广播电视信号时获得的观测记录,对夜间出现的双频(VHF/UHF)闪烁和VHF快速(每分钟大于5次的起伏)法拉弟旋转起伏(以下用FRF表示法拉弟旋转起伏)进行了统计分析,结果发现在临近太阳黑子最大年份观测到的双频夜间闪烁主要为急始型,呈赤道特性,且在临近二分点的月份里有最大出现率,秋季更为明显;伴随VHF振幅闪烁出现的快速FRF常与UHF振幅闪烁共存,以及产生这种现象的不规则体由西向东漂移,东-西向的漂移速度分量,在子夜前为140m/s,在子夜后为90m/s。      

涡轮泵转子工作转速的模糊可靠性确定方法及其应用

针对涡轮泵转子共振失效的特点,分析了转子工作状态超界的隶属函数,详细讨论了隶属函数中有关参数的确定方法,建立了转子工作转速模糊可靠性计算模型,推导出工作转速的计算公式,并与常规的工作转速确定法进行了比较。     

飞机外挂物及其部件同时测力试验技术研究

介绍了气动中心高速所开展飞机外挂物及其部件同时测力试验技术研究的概况,指出了研究的主要技术难点并给出了相应的解决措施。应用该项技术,在1.2m×1.2m风洞中成功进行了××飞机外挂测力试验,获得了该机翼下外挂物及其部件可靠的气动特性。该项试验技术研究的成功及其在型号试验中的应用,拓宽了风洞试验能力,丰富和发展了外挂测力试验技术的内容和手段,具有广阔的应用前景。