基于现代实验设计技术的巡航导弹概念设计

采用跳跃弹道空地巡航导弹为算例,研究了新型实验设计技术,即拉丁化近正交海默斯利序列取样法,在多学科设计优化中的应用.应用该实验设计方法进行了实验设计,并对取样结果与传统拉丁方取样进行了对比;基于支持向量机构建了学科近似模型,通过对验证数据的回归分析,检验了支持向量机响应的可靠性.应用该近似模型对算例进行多学科设计优化,并通过与精确模型的对比,检验了该近似模型的准确性.拉丁化近正交海默斯利序列取样法是一种高效的现代实验设计方法,在相似的实验条件下比传统拉丁方设计具有更好的正交性和均匀性,在复杂系统多学科优化设计中具有很大的应用价值.      

微生物对航空煤油影响的实验研究

微生物活动会造成航空煤油变质、过滤器阻塞、设备腐蚀、仪表失灵等严重后果,影响航空安全。将采集的污染航空煤油试样,与纯净油品在实验室进行富集培养,研究了微生物油品污染前后的密度、粘度、总酸值、固体颗粒、冰点等指标的变化情况。指出了现有航空油料管理规定在微生物检测方面所存在的不足,提出了增加部分检测指标的建议,以尽早发现微生物的活动。     

均匀流吹吸式通风实验研究

介绍了吹吸式通风气流的特点,并对吹吸风口间距3.5～3.8m时的低速流场的吹吸式通风气流流场的规律特性进行了实验研究。结果表明,当吹吸风口间距小于3.8m时,低速流场吹吸式通风的气流在射流起始段未结束时就进入了汇流段(吹吸气流流场中未出现射流主体段)。高速流场吹吸式通风的轴心速度经验公式与低速流场的吹吸式通风实验结果式对比分析,发现两者之间存在较大的偏差。高速流场吹吸式通风的轴心速度经验公式不适用于描述低速流场吹吸式通风轴心速度的规律特性。     

Investigation of natural and artificial stimulation of the ionospheric Alfvén resonator at high latitude

A brief review is provided of recent progress in understanding the ionospheric Alfvén resonator (IAR) at high latitude. Firstly, naturally occurring resonances of the IAR as detected by pulsation magnetometers in the auroral zone at Sodankylä and in the polar cap at Barentsburg are considered. The characteristics of the IAR in the two regions are broadly similar, although the effects of solar illumination are less clear at the higher latitudes. Secondly we review recent attempts to stimulate the IAR through high-power radio frequency experiments both in the auroral zone at Tromsø with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) heater, and within the polar cap at Longyearbyen with the Space Plasma Exploration by Active Radar (SPEAR) facility. In the auroral zone at, Tromsø the stimulated IAR has been observed by ground-based magnetometers, and through electron acceleration observed on the FAST spacecraft. At SPEAR in the polar cap, the stimulated IAR has been investigated, with ground magnetometers, with the first results indicative of a positive detection.     

Ground experiments of Chang’e-5 lunar regolith penetrating radar

The Lunar Regolith Penetrating Radar (LRPR) is an Ultra-Wideband (UWB) array-based Ground penetrating radar (GPR) onboard the lander of Chang’e-5 (CE-5) mission. The primary scientific objectives of the LRPR are to probe the thickness and structure of lunar regolith of the landing site, and support the drilling and sampling process. In order to evaluate the performance of the LRPR, a series of ground experiments are performed using the LRPR prototype mounted on a CE-5 lander model. The performance of the LRPR is evaluated by comparing the experimental data with the simulated data. Data processing and imaging method are verified, and the interferences from the lander and other aspects are analyzed. The results of the ground experiments and simulation demonstrate that the LRPR is able to meet the design requirement of 2-m detection depth. They also indicate that the upper and lower interfaces of the stratified structure in the lunar regolith can be well distinguished by the LRPR when the dielectric constant difference is greater than 0.3, and the imaging effect of the location under the dense antennas is better than that of other positions. However, the identification capability of the LRPR to the independent blocky objects is relatively poor mainly due to the clutters caused by the lander, the sparsity of the antenna elements compared to the size of the basalt block, the limited aperture of the antenna array, and the tail of the transmitted waveform.     

用于空间探测飞行时间质谱仪的真空系统和取样系统设计

文章介绍了可用于空间探测飞行时间质谱仪的真空系统和取样系统设计,并建立了该TOFMS原理样机的地面试验系统。为适应空间探测和地面试验2种不同工作模式,设计了2套不同的真空系统。根据文章建立的气体样本进样的理论分析模型进行理论分析计算,并通过地面适应性试验测定了质谱室的真空度、空气的Voltage-Amu谱图、Kr样本Voltage-Amu谱图及进样时间。试验结果表明:真空系统和取样系统设计合理,能够满足试验需求;理论分析模型正确,能够用于指导试验。     

Challenges and perspectives of transport cargo vehicles utilization for performing research in free flight

Russian Progress transport cargo vehicles have successfully been used in different space station programs since 1978. At present time, they play an important role in the International Space Station (ISS) project. Main tasks performed by the transport cargo vehicle (TCV) in the station program are the following: refueling of the station, delivery of consumables and equipment, waste removal, station attitude control and orbit correction maneuver execution.     

A method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design for electronic circuits

Tolerance design plays an important role in reliability design for electronic circuits. The traditional method only focuses on the consistency of output response. It is not able to meet the needs of increasing development of electronic products. This paper researches the state of related fields and proposes a method of multi-objective reliability tolerance design. The characteristics of output response and operating stresses on critical components are both defined as design objectives. Critical components and their operating stresses are determined by failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) and fault tree analysis (FTA). Sensitivity analysis is carried out to determine sensitive parameters that affect the design objectives significantly. Monte Carlo and worst-case analysis are utilized to explore the tolerance levels of sensitive parameters. Design of experiment and regression analysis are applied in this method. The optimal tolerance levels are selected in accord with a quality-cost model to improve consistency of output response and reduce failure rates of critical components synchronously. The application in light-emitting diode (LED) drivers indicates details and potential. It shows that the proposed method provides a more effective way to improve performance and reliability of electronic circuits.     

基于神经网络的飞行器总体优化设计

针对经验公式存在的精度低、适用范围受限的缺点,采用广义回归网络代替经验公式计算气动特性,并将其嵌入到优化设计流程之中,提出了一种基于神经网络的飞行器总体优化设计方法。神经网络的训练样本输入、输出数据通过试验设计和涡格法计算得到。以高空长航时无人机为例,选取航时与机翼结构重量系数作为目标函数,应用所提出的方法进行总体优化设计。计算结果表明,提出的方法是可行的,能够满足设计要求,同时降低优化过程的复杂程度,减少迭代次数。     

飞机飞行控制律/操纵效率器多学科优化设计

基于近似模型和遗传算法,针对多操纵面布局飞机提出一种对全包线飞行控制律和操纵效率器几何形状与位置进行多学科优化的设计方法.该方法采用力矩控制方式进行控制,应用鲁棒增益调参方法设计全包线飞行控制系统,利用试验设计方法和径向基神经网络响应面获取近似的气动学科模型和控制学科模型,在近似模型基础上由遗传算法获得优化的设计参数并最终获得优化的控制律和操纵效率器.以某多操纵面布局无尾飞机为例进行计算机飞行仿真验证,结果表明该方法具有可行性.