超声速湍流流动中平板-楔模型分离、传热和烧蚀试验研究

本研究之目的是为了模拟可控有升力飞行器周围的加热和压力场,研究受热表面的烧蚀现象,以便发展地面的实验能力。在电弧加热器上,利用超声速湍流平板技术,进行控制翼模型分离、传热和烧蚀实验。结果表明,由于翼角前有一条横缝,分离效应减弱,导致产生分离的最小翼角增大。由于分离流动影响,在翼上及其周围压力和热流升高,烧蚀速度大大增加。本文给出了有关的相关公式。     

LES of film cooling for different jet fluids

The present paper investigates the impact of the velocity and density ratio on the turbulent mixing process in gas turbine blade film cooling.A cooling fluid is injected from an inclined pipe at α=30° into a turbulent boundary layer profile at a freestream Reynolds number of Re∞=400000.This jet-in-a-crossflow(JICF) problem is investigated using large-eddy simulations(LES).The governing equations comprise the Navier-Stokes equations plus additional transport equations for several species to simulate a non-reacting gas mixture.A variation of the density ratio is simulated by the heat-mass transfer analogy,i.e.,gases of different density are effused into an an air crossflow at a constant temperature.An efficient large-eddy simulation method for low subsonic flows based on an implicit dual time-stepping scheme combined with low Mach number preconditioning is applied.The numerical results and experimental velocity data measured using two-component particle-image velocimetry (PIV) are in excellent agreement.The results show the dynamics of the flow field in the vicinity of the jet hole,i.e.,the recirculation region and the inclination of the shear layers,to be mainly determined by the velocity ratio.However,evaluating the cooling efficiency downstream of the jet hole the mass flux ratio proves to be the dominant similarity parameter,i.e.,the density ratio between the fluids and the velocity ratio have to be considered.      

脉冲爆震发动机尾喷管的实验

选取3类10种有代表性的脉冲爆震发动机尾喷管进行了试验.研究结果表明, 各种喷管对性能均有提高;对每类喷管均存在一最佳面积比, 使推力增益最大;在受试的尾喷管中, 收敛-扩张喷管增益最大, 达24%;填充系数对喷管性能增益影响甚微.      

一种新颖的燃烧室出口温度场调试方法

以某小型回流燃烧室为基础验证平台, 试验研究改变燃油喷嘴插入火焰筒涡流器组件深度对燃烧室出口温度场的影响, 并对试验结果进行了比较和分析.结果表明:对同一燃烧室, 燃油喷嘴与火焰筒涡流器组件之间有一个最佳的轴向位置, 此时的燃烧室的出口温度分布系数最小;在相同的燃烧室工作状态, 采用不同喷雾锥角的燃油喷嘴, 这个最佳位置不同.该研究为燃烧室出口温度场的调试及燃烧室的研制提供了一条有效的技术途径.      

冲击+逆向对流+气膜冷却传热特性的研究

为了研究火焰筒壁面冲击+逆向对流+气膜复合冷却方式的传热特性, 设计了6种不同几何结构的实验件, 搭建了实验台, 采用红外热像仪对其传热特性进行了研究.结果表明, 冷却效率随吹风比的增大而增大;在气膜出口与冲击位置之间, 气膜冷却效率沿主流方向不断增加, 在相同的冷却壁面处, 冷却效率随冲击位置距气膜出口的增加而减小;越过冲击位置, 冷却效率随壁面位置的增加而减小.在冷却壁面的任一位置, 冷却效果随冲击间距的减小而增大.      

GA-Based Model Predictive Control of Semi-Active Landing Gear

Semi-active landing gear can provide good performance of both landing impact and taxi situation, and has the ability for adapting to various ground conditions and operational conditions. A kind of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control algorithm （NMPC） for semi-active landing gears is developed in this paper. The NMPC algorithm uses Genetic Algorithm （GA） as the optimization technique and chooses damping performance of landing gear at touch down to be the optimization object. The valve＇s rate and magnitude limitations are also considered in the controller＇s design. A simulation model is built for the semi-active landing gear＇s damping process at touchdown. Drop tests are carried out on an experimental passive landing gear systerm to validate the parameters of the simulation model. The result of numerical simulation shows that the isolation of impact load at touchdown can be significantly improved compared to other control algorithms. The strongly nonlinear dynamics of semi-active landing gear coupled with control valve＇s rate and magnitude limitations are handled well with the proposed controller.     

Non-destructive Evaluation of Composite Pressure Vessel by Using FBG Sensors

In recent years, advanced composite structures are used extensively in many industries such as aerospace, aircraft, automobile, pipeline and civil engineering. Reliability and safety are crucial requirements posed by them to the advanced composite structures be- cause of their harsh working conditions. Therefore, as a very important measure, structural health monitoring (SHM) in-service is defi- nitely demanded for ensuring their safe working in-situ. In this paper, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are surface-mounted on the hoop and in the axial directions of a FRP pressure vessel to monitor the strain status during its pressurization. The experimental results show that the FBG sensors could be used to monitor the strain development and determine the ultimate failure strain of the composite pressure vessel.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.     

基于SN比试验设计法的磨削条件优化及表面粗糙度预测

通过SN比试验设计法,就各因素对磨削表面粗糙度的影响规律加以分析,并寻求能够获得最小表面粗糙度的最佳加工条件,同时提出预测表面粗糙度的方法,并通过实验加以验证。     

电磁力作用下微型管道中流体流动与混合的实验研究

设计了一种使微管道中导电液体得到混合的方案,利用电场和磁场耦合作用下产生的电磁力作用,使流体产生往复运动及流体界面的弯曲延伸,不同流体的接触面积大大增加,从而提高混合效率。在此基础上搭建了实验平台,利用Micro—PIV系统进行了详细的实验研究,得到了微管道中流体流动的速度场,并对不同电极排列方式下的流场进行分析比较。在实验基础上进行数值验证,并对不同工况下的混合效率进行了分析。结果表明：通过电磁力的扰动作用,确实能有效地提高微管道中流体的混合效率。