3~5 μm波段耐高温低发射率涂层抗热震性能研究

为了提高3~5 μm波段耐高温低发射率涂层的抗热震性能,研究了添加剂MgO含量对涂层抗热震性能 的影响。采用DIL 402C热膨胀仪测定涂层的热膨胀系数,用IR-2型发射率测试仪测定涂层在3~5 μm波段的发射率,并用扫描电镜(Scanning electron microscope, SEM)对样品进行了表征。结果表明,当加入3%的MgO时,涂层与基 板的热膨胀系数差最小,抗热震性能最优,达到50次;并且加入添加剂后的涂层仍然满足低发射率的要求,发射率最低为0.212。     

网格加筋壳结构局部受热轴压承载能力分析

弹体结构设计中越来越多地采用网格加筋壳结构,结构局部受热将降低其承载能力。本文首先采用解析方法分析了受热平板的屈曲失效,在此基础上,对网格加筋壳体在轴压和局部热流作用下的承载能力进行数值模拟,表明材料的热膨胀系数是影响结构失稳载荷的主要因素,分析了局部热流对结构局部失稳和整体失稳承载力的影响,其结果对弹体结构局部受热或抗激光设计具有参考意义。     

基于Lamb波和匹配追踪方法的结构损伤定位

提出一种基于Lamb波和字典库为Chirplet原子的匹配追踪方法的板结构损伤定位方法.首先针对Lamb 波监测的特点,提出了匹配追踪方法的快速实现方案,将信号分解为多个Chirplet原子的线性组合;然后建立了Lamb的弥散效应与Chirplet原子的调频斜率之间的关系,表明Chirplet原子能准确地匹配失真变形的窄带脉冲信号,并能识别Lamb波的模态;根据损伤前与损伤后的信号差,提出了一种可以分辨多损伤散射信号的损伤定位方法.最后通过数值仿真、各向同性板结构实验和蜂窝夹层复合材料结构实验,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

现代超临界翼型设计及其风洞试验

开展了现代超临界翼型的设计研究,对现役飞机的压力分布形态进行了分析,针对现役飞机在巡航状态和阻力发散点的压力分布进行对比,提取了现役飞机超临界剖面设计的要点。采用类函数/型函数变换(CST)参数化方法、基于二阶震荡及自然选择的随机权重混合粒子群算法(RwSecSelPSO)、雷诺平均Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程、Kriging代理模型结合定期望值型的目标函数建立了优化设计系统。针对提高阻力发散马赫数和降低巡航低头力矩的设计指标,利用优化设计系统通过调整目标期望值设计了一系列满足设计指标但阻力发散马赫数不同的超临界翼型,并选择了其中具有典型特性的翼型进行了对比分析,验证了提高阻力发散马赫数和低速失速特性的设计方法,指出了在阻力发散点形成平顶形压力分布的超临界翼型具有较好的综合性能。对设计的超临界翼型进行了高、低速风洞试验验证,试验结果表明:设计结果达到了设计指标要求,提出的低速改进方案有效,层流对超临界翼型失速特性影响较大。     

Methods and advances in the study of aeroelasticity with uncertainties

Uncertainties denote the operators which describe data error, numerical error and model error in the mathematical methods. The study of aeroelasticity with uncertainty embedded in the subsystems, such as the uncertainty in the modeling of structures and aerodynamics, has been a hot topic in the last decades. In this paper, advances of the analysis and design in aeroelasticity with uncertainty are summarized in detail. According to the non-probabilistic or probabilistic uncer- tainty, the developments of theories, methods and experiments with application to both robust and probabilistic aeroelasticity analysis are presented, respectively. In addition, the advances in aeroelastic design considering either probabilistic or non-probabilistic uncertainties are introduced along with aeroelastic analysis. This review focuses on the robust aeroelasticity study based on the structured singular value method, namely the ~t method. It covers the numerical calculation algo- rithm of the structured singular value, uncertainty model construction, robust aeroelastic stability analysis algorithms, uncertainty level verification, and robust flutter boundary prediction in the flight test, etc. The key results and conclusions are explored. Finally, several promising problems on aeroelasticity with uncertainty are proposed for future investigation.     

Wave-like perturbations in the ionospheric F2-layer observed after the Ms8.1 Samoa earthquake of September 29, 2009

A study of the critical frequency foF2 variations after the large earthquake (M_s = 8.1) which occurred on 29 September, 2009 in the region of Samoa Islands in the Pacific Ocean is carried out using data of the ionospheric station of Kwajalein. The epicenter of the earthquake was located at about 184 km southwest from Apia (the capital of West Samoa). It was found that wave-like perturbations of foF2 were observed for ∼3 h above the station (located approximately 3560 km northwest from the epicenter). The amplitude of the disturbance was as large as ∼20% of the average magnetic quiet day foF2 values. A comparison of the observed perturbations of foF2 with the ones detected at Stanford ionospheric station after the Alaska earthquake of 28 March 1964 (M_s = 8.4) showed a close similarity of the wave-like perturbations of foF2 in both cases.     

Formation mechanism of great positive TEC disturbances prior to Wenchuan earthquake on May 12, 2008

The problems of physical explanation and possible mechanisms of the seismo-ionospheric effects formation are under discussion now. There are proposed different mechanisms of such effects, for example, large- and small-scale internal gravity waves (IGWs), atmospheric electric field, electromagnetic fields and emissions. However, the appearance of local large-scale seismo-ionospheric anomalies in Total Electron Content (TEC) is possible to explain only by two mechanisms: an atmospheric electric field and/or small-scale IGWs. In this paper, the simulation results for reproduction of the observed seismo-ionospheric great positive effects in TEC prior to strong Wenchuan earthquake are presented. The obtained results confirm the proposed mechanism of seismo-ionospheric effects formation by the penetration of the seismogenic electric field from the atmosphere into the ionosphere. It is suggested that so great TEC enhancement observed 3 days prior to Wenchuan earthquake could be explained by combined action of seismogenic vertical electric field and IGWs generated by the solar terminator.     

毫米波准光开放腔测试系统误差分析

给出用于毫米波频段精确测量介质片复介电常数的准光开放腔系统的误差分析,说明了近似理论引起的误差和被测量提取不准引起的误差。推导了相关的公式,给出了分析的数值结果和测量结果。     

超高速流动模拟及热化学反应模型对比研究

超高速流动是飞行器再入大气层时所面临的高速高温流动环境,膨胀管是少数几种能模拟超高速流动的地面设备之一。采用数值模拟方法对超高速试验进行辅助分析诊断,流动模拟时热化学反应模型的选择对流场特性影响较大,分别选择5组分、11组分热平衡及5组分热非平衡模型,对比研究3种不同热化学反应模型对双楔试验模型数值模拟结果的影响,以进一步评估超高速流动模拟时热化学反应模型的适用范围。结果表明,试验气流条件下5组分化学模型即可满足要求,加速气流条件则必须采取11组分化学模型,而对于流动中热非平衡效应显著时,热化学非平衡模型更为适用。     

螺栓连接松动的导波监测技术综述

螺栓连接件使结构易于安装或拆卸,同时还可以承受较大的载荷,广泛应用于航空航天结构中。然而,螺栓在复杂服役环境中很容易发生松动,因此准确监测螺栓预紧力对于确保结构的可靠性和安全性具有重要意义。经过多年的发展,基于超声导波的结构健康监测方法逐渐成为螺栓连接松动监测的重要技术手段之一。对典型的螺栓预紧力导波监测方法进行了综述,包括导波能量耗散法、时间反转法、接触声学非线性法和混沌超声法等方法,介绍了这些方法的基本原理和发展现状。同时,通过实验将目前应用较多的导波能量耗散法、时间反转法进行了对比,结果表明时间反转法的监测灵敏度更高。