专利信息检索技术

专利信息检索作为快速获取专利信息的主要手段,在专利信息应用过程中发挥重要作用。本文在分析当前专利信息检索涉及的关键技术的基础上,进一步阐述了基于概念的专利信息检索技术。本文以对专利文献的内容分析为基础,按照文献中各部分的功能进行组织表示,对不同部分制定相应的特征选择策略。同时,对基于概念的专利信息检索技术中的两个关键问题即查询扩展和专利文献相似度计算方法进行了阐述。     

考虑加工过程的复杂薄壁件加工综合误差补偿方法

在统计分析的理论基础上,首先将数控加工过程视作以参考模型为自变量,以加工结果为因变量的过程函数;然后将整个误差补偿过程分为3个典型的加工状态,分别构造各个状态的过程函数,并以材料去除量系数为桥梁,建立复杂薄壁件加工综合误差补偿数学模型;对数学模型进行泰勒展开,计算复杂薄壁件加工过程中的误差补偿量,重新构造误差补偿几何模型并生成新的加工程序,以减小复杂薄壁件的加工误差,提高加工质量。通过一组叶片加工对比试验,按照名义去除量进行加工的最大加工误差是0.094mm,而按照误差补偿量进行加工的最大加工误差是0.031mm,仅是前者的32.9%,说明了本文方法在提高加工精度方面的有效性。     

子午修型对1.5级大子午扩张涡轮端区流动传热性能影响研究

大子午扩张涡轮由于子午型线扩张度较大,因而易导致端区边界层分离及热集中,针对这个现象,采用数值模拟方法,并采用正弦曲线对某型1.5级大子午扩张涡轮子午型线采取了8种修型方案,研究子午修型对于端区流动传热性能的影响。计算结果表明,子午修型可以有效地控制端区的分离流动,从而影响着通道涡与脱落涡强度及位置,也影响着端壁及叶片上热负荷分布。在本文研究条件下,振幅为三分之一叶片最大厚度的前凹后凸子午型线有效地减弱了脱落涡引起的损失,进而使整体总压损失减小6.06%,并可以减弱端壁及叶片传热集中,使叶片最大热负荷减轻21%。     

长周期光纤光栅用于材料热膨胀系数的测量

基于长周期光纤光栅(Long-period fiber grating,LPFG)对应变和温度的敏感特性,用两只LPFG光栅测量材料的热膨胀系数,提出用一只自由状态的LPFG光栅作为实验光栅的温度补偿。实验原理简单,操作方便,克服了传统测量方法对试件本身的要求,且传感信号属于波长解调,不受光强波动及光纤损耗的影响。通过实验获得了对铝板的测量误差约为0.6%,实验结果表明采用LPFG光栅测量材料热膨胀系数的方法是可行的。     

Negative VTEC with spherical harmonic expansion model under different solar activity conditions

The Earth’s ionosphere can be described by a spherical harmonic (SH) expansion up to a specific degree. However, there exist negative vertical total electron content (VTEC) values in the global ionosphere map (GIM) with the SH expansion model. In this contribution, we specifically investigated the negative VTEC values that are induced by the SH expansion model and validated the performance of the inequality-constrained least squares (ICLS) method in eliminating the negative VTEC values. The GPS data from 2004 to 2017 was selected to cover one solar cycle and the experiments under different solar activity conditions were analyzed. The results in our work show that the occurrence of the negative VTEC values is attributed to the deficiency of the SH expansion model when the VTEC itself is small instead of the unevenly distribution of the GNSS stations. The negative VTEC values appear periodically in the temporal domain, showing apparently one year and half year periods. During one year, two peaks in June and December can be observed in the time series of the negative VTEC values. The number of negative VTEC values in June is obvious larger than that in December. During one solar cycle, the number of negative VTEC values under quiet solar activity condition is obvious larger than that under strong solar activity condition. In the spatial domain, the appearance of the negative VTEC values is strongly related with the movement of the subsolar point. In the latitude of the subsolar point has the largest magnitude, the negative values will appear on the opposite hemisphere and the further from the subsolar point the more negative values. The maximum number of the negative VTEC values in the southern hemisphere appears in June, while the peak value in the northern hemisphere appears in December. The maximum number of negative VTEC values in the southern hemisphere is generally larger than that in the northern hemisphere. In addition, the negative VTEC values are distributed both at middle latitude and high latitude in the southern hemisphere, while they are mainly distributed at high latitude in the northern hemisphere. When the ICLS method is used, the negative VTEC values can be eliminated efficiently and it has nearly no influence on the positive VTEC values. The ICLS method can also improve the receiver’s differential code bias (DCB) and significantly decrease the unreasonable negative slant TEC (STEC) values along the lines of sight. Using the final GIM product of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPLG) as a reference, the root mean square (RMS) of the ICLS solution shows maximum 25%, 20% and 45% improvement relative to the least squares (LS) solution at northern high latitude, southern middle latitude and southern high latitude, respectively.     

进、排气壳对全流道大膨胀比涡轮性能影响研究

进、排气系统对涡轮级的性能影响鲜有研究,本文针对增压器涡轮,采用数值方法对全流道大膨胀比跨声速涡轮与进、排气壳进行耦合计算,探索进、排气壳耦合对涡轮级的性能参数影响,结果显示进气壳主要影响静叶10%叶高与50%叶高前缘来流气流角周向分布,静叶排会减弱进气壳带来的参数周向不均匀性,排气壳主要影响动叶尾缘0°与180°周向位置总压与静压分布,进、排气壳耦合涡轮级总静效率比均匀边界涡轮级下降0.25%。     

Hot Tearing Behavior of Mg-Gd-Y-X Alloys

Mg-Gd-Y-Zr alloy castings are widely used in the aerospace field owing to their high strength and excellent creep resistance. The castability of these alloys is also an important consideration for engineering application. Thus， the hot tearing susceptibilities (HTSs) of Mg-10Gd-1Y-1Zn-0.5Zr (VW91) alloy and Mg-10Gd-2Y-1Zn-0.5Zr (VW92) alloy are investigated with a constrained rod casting (CRC) mold. The microstructures and fracture surface are characterized by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The results unveil that the HTS of VW92 alloy is lower than that of VW91 alloy. The microstructures indicate that obvious tears can be observed in VW91 alloy， while the tears in VW92 alloy are tiny. The tear feeding and healing by eutectic are also observed in VW91 and VW92 alloys. Therefore， the lower hot tearing susceptibility of VW92 alloy is mainly attributed to the high amount of eutectic which feeds and heals tears. Besides， the effects of the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and the fluidity of VW91 and VW92 alloys on their HTSs are discussed.     

大型低温液体火箭“零窗口”发射技术

我国大型低温液体运载火箭组成系统多、各系统耦合关联程度大、射前流程复杂，实现“零窗口”发射难度大。基于大型低温液体运载火箭的系统特点和射前约束条件，提出了实现“零窗口”发射的技术方案。通过能力挖潜主动拓展了任务故障适应性和窗口宽度，并辅以科学的测试发射策略，将技术和流程相结合，共同实现大型低温运载火箭“零窗口”发射目标。这对全面提升大型运载火箭和发射场“零窗口”发射能力、适应未来航天发展需求具有十分重要的意义。