Digital signal processing and numerical analysis for radar in geophysical applications

Numerical solutions for signal processing are described in this work as a contribution to study of echo detection methods for ionospheric sounder design. The ionospheric sounder is a high frequency radar for geophysical applications. The main detection approach has been done by implementing the spread-spectrum techniques using coding methods to improve the radar’s range resolution by transmitting low power. Digital signal processing has been performed and the numerical methods were checked. An algorithm was proposed and its computational complexity was calculated.     

测量时刻偏差对单星定轨误差的影响分析

为评估测量时刻偏差对单星定轨等效测量误差的影响,根据单星定轨处理策略分析了其理论模型,指出测站接收机的测量时刻偏差由测站时钟钟差以及测量时刻不准确度等组成。试验数据分析表明,测站钟差经一阶多项式拟合后的残差可近似为零均值的测量噪声;数值仿真结果表明,卫星信号发射时刻1ms误差导致GEO、IGSO、MEO三种卫星的等效测距误差分别为006cm、40cm、80cm。     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

满足多约束的主动段能量管理制导方法

高超音速飞行器运载任务需要满足多项约束条件,针对耗尽关机型固体运载火箭需要在主动段进行能量管理.基于控制推力和速度之间夹角来实现主动段能量管理的思路,综合交变姿态控制能量管理(AEM,Alternate Attitude Control Energy Management)和一般能量管理(GEM,General Energy Management),提出了样条能量管理(SEM,Spline Energy Management)制导方法,并针对分离前定轴飞行约束条件进行了修正.以三级运载火箭为例,通过AEM,GEM和SEM对比,验证了样条能量管理制导方法的可行性.     

插装式液控能源选择阀的设计与分析

针对液压系统油源的安全性及可靠性问题,提出油源冗余设计方法,即多油源供给多负载,当某一油源发生故障时能源选择阀切断故障油源,由其他油源给负载提供基本液压能源,系统能完成必须的服役性能。针对液压系统能源选择阀存在的频繁换向与振动问题,提出一种插装式液控能源选择阀,其先导阀采用锥阀和可变阻尼形式,主阀采用三台肩且终端有缓冲功能的滑阀。建立了插装式液控能源选择阀的数学模型,分析了能源选择阀在两种模拟故障下的切换压力及切换时间、油源压力脉动等特性。理论分析结果表明,油源压力阶跃和线性变化时,某能源选择阀切换时间分别为5 ms和7 ms。当压力发生波动时,主阀不会发生振动,还可通过液控先导阀结构设计来控制切换压力和回复压力大小。     

海豚型直升机转弯机动飞行特性研究

本文以能量法研究直升机转弯机动飞行特性，这是评价一架直升机机动性能的基本要素之一。文中以海豚型直升机（直九）为算例，给出能量图和机动图，并利用能量法原理分析了直九机的自动转弯、下降转弯、减速转弯机动飞行特性，计算了各参数对这些转弯性能的影响。     

火星探测VLBI测定轨技术

我国将于2020年首次发射由环绕器和着陆巡视器组成的火星探测器,火星探测器的跟踪及精密测定轨是完成工程任务和科学探测的基础。火星探测器的跟踪和测定轨,目前主要采用基于地面无线电测量的测距、测速和甚长基线干涉VLBI测角3种手段。主要针对VLBI技术予以介绍,主要内容为:△DOR型VLBI技术在国内外的应用情况、火星探测器VLBI测定轨技术分析、基于同波束VLBI的火星车定位技术、火星探测器VLBI观测等。这些内容对我国的火星探测器测定轨有重要的应用价值。     

压气机叶片外物损伤模拟的撞击能量当量法

在分析外物与叶片间的运动态势后,提出压气机叶片外物员伤模拟的撞击能当量法,即使得摆锤的势能与外物摘击叶片时可能达到的功能相等。据此,设计并制作了摆锤装置,并实验观察到钛制压气机叶片损伤形态与撞击能量间的变化关系,即随着撞击能量的增加,损伤形态产生的顺序为,压痕→突缘→裂纹→突缘呈４５°剪切破坏,这与外场收集到的叶片的前缘损伤形态一致,同时,采用了ＴＣ４压气机叶片进行了相应的高周疲劳试验,验证了方法     

摩擦作用下金属氧化反应的机理

某些金属在空气中摩擦时生成的润滑性氧化膜由于具有低摩擦系数、高耐磨性和自修复等特点越来越受到关注。摩擦过程中氧化膜的生成速度超过磨损速度是获得有效润滑的必要条件。摩擦氧化的动力学机制不同于热氧化,本文基于致密氧化膜的抛物线生长模型研究了摩擦状况下的氧化膜生长规律,使之尽早获得推广应用,具有广阔的市场前景     

激光诱导碳等离子体在强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶中的作用

通过对Ｒａｍａｎ光谱及激光诱发碳等离子体的进一步分析研究,讨论了强激光冲击合成金刚石微晶过程中碳等离子体的作用机制。碳等离子体可视为高活性、高动能碳粒子集团,其对石墨相的作用同时包括能量传输和质量传输两个过程,因此碳等离子体在促进石墨相结构畸变、结构重组乃至相变方面起到了重要的作用;从能量阈值角度分析了碳等离子体与石墨相之间的四种磁撞类型,并据此对Ｒａｍａｎ谱线随激光功率密度的变化规律提出了较为合