矩阵的奇异值分解 在红外光谱预处理中的应用

研究了矩阵的奇异值分解在红外光谱预处理中的应用。对奇异值序列,采用间距最大最高峰原则,选择有效秩的阶次;对原始光谱进行奇异值降噪处理、一阶微分处理,用相关系数法选择建模谱段为3 100~2 650 cm~(-1)和1 600~1 250 cm~(-1);采用PLS法建立运动粘度的校正模型,并与卷积平滑等预处理方法进行比较。模型校正集的相关系数(R_c)为0.977 9,标准偏差SEC为0.100 5,预测集的相关系数(R_P)为0.941 2,标准偏差SEP为0.154 7。研究结果表明:奇异值分解和一阶微分相结合可有效去除光谱噪声和基线漂移的干扰,提高PLS分析模型的准确度。     

靶场时统中自适应Loran-C接收机的研究

针对运载火箭的时间同步问题,提出了一种基于ESPRIT算法估计Loran-C接收机天波延迟的信号处理新技术,为设计具有自适应调节最佳采样点的Loran-C接收机打下良好的基础。利用频谱相除技术构建了延迟时间测量的信号模型,研究了频谱相除后信号的幅频特性。针对通带外噪声被放大的现象,提出频域加窗的措施。最后,提出用ESPRIT算法估计了天波延迟,避免了诸如AR、ARMA、MUSIC等算法在整个时域计算参数的弊端,更适合于适时应用。仿真结果表明,频域加窗影响识别天波的分辨率,ESPRIT算法能够正确估计天波的延迟,而且比FFT具有更高的分辨率。     

镍基合金钼元素可见光谱数字化分析技术研究

使用可见光谱数字化自动分析系统对镍基合金中Mo元素可见光谱进行了分析测定,研究了镍基合金中Mo元素的Mo550.65nm和M588.83nm分析谱线组的特征,探索了镍基合金中Mo元素的数字化分析技术.结果可用于镍基合金中Mo元素的定性、定量分析和牌号鉴别.     

数据挖掘分类方法在冲击谱试验中的应用

冲击谱试验随机性强,难度较大。文章利用数据挖掘中分类方法提取数据背后隐藏的有用知识,通过数据预处理、构建冲击谱试验数据仓库、决策树分析、评估比较,最终总结出一套针对不同产品、不同试验工况的冲击谱试验调试方法。这可为以后产品的冲击环境试验提供有力的技术支持,进一步提高冲击谱试验的质量和试验中产品的安全性。     

基于贝叶斯模型的长码DS-CDMA信号扩频码与信息序列联合估计

 针对长码直接序列扩频码分多址(DS-CDMA)信号的盲解扩,在信号模型分析的基础上,提出了一种基于可逆跳跃的马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗(RJ-MCMC)扩频码和信息序列联合估计算法。该算法分别对建立的联合后验分布模型进行迭代抽样,并有效地在不同维数的子空间中跳转,从而构造一条马尔可夫链,使其平稳分布为待估参数的后验分布,最终拼接得到每个用户的完整扩频序列和信息序列估计。仿真结果表明:该方法在迭代二十几步时达到收敛;并且在功率相同和不同条件下,当信噪比(SNR)大于-9 dB时,估计序列与真实序列的相似度均超过0.95,信息序列的误码率低于0.01;同时算法对不同用户个数和不同调制样式具有较强的适应性,与Fast-ICA算法相比,估计性能平均提高了约3 dB。     

汽车尾迹区涡流频率特性实验分析

基于模型风洞实验台架,对汽车模型外流场尾迹区流动结构进行实验研究。采用热线风速仪,对外流场尾迹区中选定测点处的三维速度场进行采样。针对速度场的采样数据,进行功率谱密度分析,探讨了汽车尾迹区破裂涡流的频率特性及其变化规律。分析结果得出：流体微团随着流场整体运动的同时,在其运动轨迹附近进行三维脉动。     

基于激光激励的火工冲击响应及其特性研究

针对传统火工冲击激励方法在频率范围方面的局限性，研究新兴的激光激励方式、激励特性及其参数的影响，探究模拟火工冲击试验的可行性。首先参考经典的冲击试验方法，制定了激光激励试验的试验方案，设计了试验装置并进行了冲击试验；然后针对火工冲击和激光激励的试验结果，在时域、频域进行了时频分析和响应谱分析与对比；最后依据该试验方法，讨论了激光脉冲频率和激光脉冲能量对冲击响应的影响。研究提出的激光激励方法对火工冲击机理研究与地面模拟试验设计具有一定的参考价值。     

Cut-off features in interplanetary solar radio type IV emission

Solar radio type IV bursts can sometimes show directivity, so that no burst is observed when the source region in located far from the solar disk center. This has recently been verified also from space observations, at decameter wavelengths, using a 3D-view to the Sun with STEREO and Wind satellites. It is unclear whether the directivity is caused by the emission mechanism, by reduced radio wave formation toward certain directions, or by absorption/blocking of radio waves along the line of sight. We present here observations of three type IV burst events that occurred on 23, 25, and 29 July 2004, and originated from the same active region. The source location of the first event was near the solar disk center and in the third event near the west limb. Our analysis shows that in the last two events the type IV bursts experienced partial cut-offs in their emission, that coincided with the appearance of shock-related type II bursts. The type II bursts were formed at the flanks and leading fronts of propagating coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These events support the suggestion of absorption toward directions where the type II shock regions are located.     

Change in the rigidity dependence of the galactic cosmic ray modulation in 2008–2009

Observations of charged particle fluxes in the stratosphere of the polar regions represent the cosmic rays variations with energy above 100 MeV. At the end of 2009 these fluxes reached the highest level for the time of observations from mid 1957 and were by 17% higher than the previous extremum value of May 1965. In the mean time the ground-based neutron monitors showed the remarkably less count rate enhancement. These results argue for the significant change in the energy spectrum of incoming particles in 2008–2009 in the energy range of ∼100–1500 MeV/n.     

Use of coated silicon field emitters as neutralisers for fundamental physics space missions

Spacecraft neutralisers are required as part of the ion propulsion system for accurate station keeping in fundamental physics missions. This paper describes the use of thin layers of insulating materials as coatings for the gated silicon field emitter array structure used in a spacecraft neutraliser. These thin coatings are postulated to reduce power consumption and reduce overheating. The power consumption and lifetime of aluminium nitride and amorphous hydrogenated diamond-like carbon coatings have been tested by current–voltage and endurance tests. Diamond-like carbon coatings were promising, performing better in endurance tests than uncoated samples, but further work is required to characterise the coating’s physical properties and its effects on field emission. The thermal conductivity of the coating material had little effect on measured sample lifetimes. Aluminium nitride had reduced power consumption compared to diamond-like carbon coated and uncoated samples. A thin (∼5 nm) layer of aluminium nitride was found to be optimal, meeting European Space Agency specifications for the neutraliser engineering model.