考虑低能电子影响的二次电子修正模型

随着微放电效应研究的不断深入,低能电子影响在微放电过程中越来越不可忽视。当前常用的微放电模型在处理低能电子问题上具有一定的局限性,为了精确模拟这一过程,在深入研究二次电子和背散射电子发射理论的基础上,分别针对材料表面条件不同引起的二次电子发射系数不确定性、低能电子的背散射系数以及电子入射角等问题进行了分析和讨论,并在此基础上建立了一个二次电子发射模型,最后通过数值计算讨论了模型的正确性和适用范围。这一模型同时考虑材料表面条件参数、低能电子的背散射系数以及入射角等因素影响,能够兼容较低能量电子的二次发射,提升微放电数值模拟的精确度和适用性,为微放电数值模拟的发展起到推进作用。     

空调系统冷热源性能的评价

以西安市某办公大楼为例,借助软件DeST对该大楼供冷季和供暖季的空调动态负荷进行计算的基础上,根据目前冷热源配置状况的调查和该建筑空调负荷的特点,以及能源结构,充分考虑节能,提出了三种具有代表性的技术上比较合理的冷热源组合方案。通过比较各方案的一次能源利用率和能源转换方式的能耗指标,综合评价了各方案的节能潜力。     

Auroral Electrojet Event Associated With Magnetospheric Substorms

The auroral electrojet index is an important index in monitoring and predicting substorms. A substorms usually includes auroral breakup, auroral electrojet event marked by AE increase, energetic particle injection at geosynchronous orbit, mid-low latitude Pi2, etc. However the question whether an auroral electrojet event corresponds to a substorm remains unanswered. Using the auroral electrojet index in 2004, we analyzed five auroral electrojet events and studied their relation with substorms. The results show that there are three kinds of auroral electrojet events: (1) simultaneous rapid increase of westward auroral electrojet and eastward auroral electrojet; (2) rapid increase of westward auroral electrojet and almost unchangeable eastward auroral electrojet; (3) rapid increase of eastward auroral electrojet and almost unchangeable westward auroral electrojet. Most of auroral electrojet events correspond to substorms. However a few auroral electrojet events are not accompanied by substorms. This situation most often occurs for the auroral electrojet event in which eastward auroral electrojet dominates.      

离子发动机羽流空间电位诊断

离子发动机羽流空间电位分布不合理可能会造成一系列问题,以至于影响航天器的正常工作。试验使用发射探针对20 cm氙离子发动机束流区等离子体空间电位进行诊断,测点选取轴向距离发动机出口平面250～900 mm,径向0～450 mm,探针钨丝直径0.1 mm,加热电流1.5～2.5 A。发射探针诊断建立在电子热发射基础上,因其I-V曲线拐点较朗缪尔探针更为明显,所以测量得到的空间电位分布更为准确。国外已经广泛使用发射探针测量等离子体空间电位,发射探针的试验数据处理方法仍存在较大分歧。从发射探针工作时的物理过程着手,分析热电子发射多少对空间电位诊断结果的影响,采用不同的探针I-V曲线处理方法并对各种方法利弊进行讨论,分析偏离真实空间电位的原因,比较得到较为合理的结果,对发射探针的结构改造和加热电流的选取提供依据,为发动机性能的改善和羽流仿真模型提供参考。     

超声电喷推进机理研究

超声电喷推进是一种新型的电推进技术,主要用于解决胶体推力器等电推力器发射点集成困难、发射点数密度低的问题。通过将超声振动产生的大量微细驻波作为发射源,超声电喷推进将从根本上提高发射点的数目和密度,形成较大的推力密度。文章对超声电喷推进的发射机理进行了研究,得到相应的理论发射模型。通过对发射表面上微细驻波的形成过程、带电液滴的分离过程进行理论分析,建立了静电场条件下微细驻波波峰临界状态的平衡方程,推导出微细驻波波峰局部半径以及发射液滴尺寸的理论解,并提出了发射电流、比冲和推力的估算方程。在此基础上,分析了极间电场强度、超声振动频率、超声振动功率、推进剂性能黏度、推进剂表面张力系数和电导率对超声电喷推进性能的影响规律,并进行了试验验证。     

深空探测器模块化结构动力学研究

随着深空探测器技术的不断发展,深空探测器设计逐渐转向模块化和标准化。串联结构是模块化深空探测器常见并较为合理的结构形式,而如何将运载对探测器整体模态频率的指标要求合理转化为对探测器各个模块结构的设计要求是当前工作中的一项挑战。根据子结构综合模态法并基于固定边界法和悬臂梁理论,提出了探测器子结构模块动力学模态指标的分配方法。采用3种子结构模块极限处理方法,用全解析方式推导了子结构模块的基频表达式,并分析了子结构模块的动力学特性与探测器整体结构动力学特性之间的关系。提出的子结构模块的动力学指标分解方法操作简单,精度较高,可为串联式模块化深空探测器的设计提供关键性的指导。     

R0110重型燃气轮机分级燃烧室NOx排放试验研究

R0110重型燃气轮机是中国第1台具有自主知识产权的重型燃气轮机,其燃烧室按照干式低排放（Dry Low NOx,DLN）原理设计,采用燃料径向分级的燃烧技术.燃烧室设计包括2种分级燃烧模式,第Ⅰ模式为常规燃烧模式,第Ⅱ模式主要是针对NOx排放问题而设计的.2种燃烧模式试验研究结果表明：第Ⅱ模式较第Ⅰ模式在污染物排放方面有显著降低,但2种模式均未满足设计要求.通过对试验结果做简要的阐述及分析,提出可采取调整各燃烧区的燃料分配比例、改进燃烧室结构等措施和建议,以进一步改善燃烧室NOx排放特性.     

Symmetry and asymmetry of ionospheric weather at magnetic conjugate points for two midlatitude observatories

Variations of the ionospheric weather W-index for two midlatitude observatories, namely, Grahamstown and Hermanus, and their conjugate counterpart locations in Africa are studied for a period from October 2010 to December 2011. The observatories are located in the longitude sector, which has consistent magnetic equator and geographic equator so that geomagnetic latitudes of the line of force are very close to the corresponding geographic latitudes providing opportunity to ignore the impact of the difference of the gravitational field and the geomagnetic field at the conjugate points on the ionosphere structure and dynamics. The ionosondes of Grahamstown and Hermanus provide data of the critical frequency (foF2), and Global Ionospheric Maps (GIM) provide the total electron content (TECgps) along the magnetic field line up to the conjugate point in the opposite hemisphere. The global model of the ionosphere, International Reference Ionosphere, extended to the plasmasphere altitude of 20,200 km (IRI-Plas) is used to deliver the F2 layer peak parameters from TECgps at the magnetic conjugate area. The evidence is obtained that the electron gas heated by day and cooled by night at the summer hemisphere as compared with the opposite features in the conjugate winter hemisphere testifies on a reversal of plasma fluxes along the magnetic field line by the solar terminator. The ionospheric weather W-index is derived from NmF2 (related with foF2) and TECgps data. It is found that symmetry of W-index behavior in the magnetic conjugate hemispheres is dominant for the equinoxes when plasma movement along the magnetic line of force is imposed on symmetrical background electron density and electron content. Asymmetry of the ionospheric storm effects is observed for solstices when the plasma diffuse down more slowly into the colder winter hemisphere than into the warmer summer hemisphere inducing either plasma increase (positive phase) or decrease (negative phase of W-index) in the ionospheric and plasmaspheric plasma density.     

VHF radio response of the near Earth space during solar activity growth in October, 2003

The analysis of observations of very high frequency radio noise intensity at the middle latitude on a frequency f = 500 MHz from 14th till 26th of October, 2003 is presented. These data are compared with the solar radio bursts in the range of frequencies 1–14 MHz registered by RAD2 receiver of the WAVES device installed on board the WIND spacecraft.     

基于突变理论的机场选址评价研究

针对机场选址评价中大多采用模糊评价方法需要确定指标体系权重,使得评价结果带有较强主观性的问题,将突变理论应用到民用机场选址的合理性及可持续发展评价中来。在对影响机场选址因素进行分析的基础上进行各因素的分解排序,将底层评价指标进行标准量化后,运用突变理论的归一化公式进行计算,得到机场选址合理性及可持续性的突变评价值。针对突变评价值偏高的缺点,给出转换公式,运用Matlab对评价值进行转换计算。实例计算验证了该方法的可行性、有效性和实用性。