涡轮叶尖间隙泄漏涡不稳定性分析

结合Rains间隙泄漏涡模型和长波不稳定性理论,应用高雷诺数k-ε湍流模型加壁面函数,基于压力修正的三维计算流体力学程序,对某一轴流涡轮平面叶栅叶尖间隙流场进行仿真,通过将叶尖间隙泄漏涡与其在机匣表面镜像形成的虚拟泄漏涡组合成一对泄漏涡,对涡轮叶尖间隙泄漏涡的不稳定性进行了分析,并计算了五个不同叶尖间隙高度下泄漏涡的最不稳定的波长及对应的频率。结果表明,利用长波不稳定性理论可以预测叶尖泄漏涡的不稳定性和最不稳定的波长及对应的频率,从而为采用合成射流控制方法去控制涡轮叶尖泄漏涡提供理论基础。     

Field emission characteristics of gold dust grains

The space plasma environment usually contains charged dust grains. The grain charge is an important parameter determining its migration through the space, coagulation, formation of dust clouds and so on. The knowledge of its charge is thus one of the basic information we want to know. There are several emission processes leading to both positive and negative charges, among others photoemission, all kinds of secondary emissions, field emissions, etc. The present study is focused on a laboratory simulation of emissions caused by impacts by energetic ions. Our experiment is based on the Paul trap which gives us an opportunity to catch a single dust grain for several days inside the vacuum vessel and exposed it by electron/ion beams. This experimental approach allows us to separate an individual charging process. We have chosen spherically shaped gold grains and discussed the processes leading to the limitation of the grain charge. We suggested that the implantation of charging ions leads to deformations of the grain surface. The deformations enhance the local electric field strength that becomes sufficient for the field ionization.     

含表面缺口复合材料层压板的屈曲破坏

通过实验研究和理论分析探讨了含表面缺口复合材料层压板的屈曲破坏。采用电测和声发射技术对层压板的受压力学行为进行观测和分析。作为比较,对无缺口层压板也进行了压缩试验,尽管2种层压板试样随载荷增加到一定值时都会发生屈曲,但它们的破坏过程仍有着显著的差别。利用层压板刚度减少技术推导了含表面缺口复合材料层压板的临界应力表达式。理论预测结果和试验结果能够较好地吻合。     

交通污染控制的途径选择

城市交通造成了严重的环境污染,围绕城市环境治理问题展开研究,已成为实现城市经济可持续发展的重大课题,文章在总结城市交通污染产生原因的基础上,通过最优污染水平控制模型的建立,分析了减少交通污染的途径和方法。     

微等离子体转化二氧化碳发射光谱诊断

火星大气层的主要成分为二氧化碳,如果能够利用低温等离子体方法高效分解二氧化碳,使其转化为氧气和一氧化碳加以利用,可以大幅降低航天员生命保障相关载荷长途运输的成本,进一步提高生命保障能力.低温等离子体放电过程中会产生大量活性组分,可以在数百度温度下实现二氧化碳的高效解离,是具有很大潜力的二氧化碳解离与转化方式.设计了一种...     

具有尖侧缘的非圆截面机身头部几何参数影响研究

有侧滑时,尖侧缘的非圆截面机身头部在中等和大迎角下,可具有方向稳定性.在计算研究的基础上,选择了3个不同上、下表面高度和两个不同侧缘角的模型进行了低速风洞试验.风洞试验结果表明,无侧滑时,机身的升力、阻力和俯仰力矩的绝对值都随高度增大而减小,在α<30°内,表面高度对横向特性影响较小,α=30~60°时,呈现复杂的影响趋势;尖锐侧缘机身比圆侧缘机身产生的升力和阻力都大些,但俯仰力矩差别不大;随着迎角的增大,对横向特性的影响明显;有侧滑时,上表面b/a=0.75的机身和下表面b/a=0.25的机身对方向稳定性的影响最显著,尖锐侧缘比圆侧缘对方向稳定性有更大的影响.     

铁电阴极用于小功率电推力器

分析了当前小功率电推力器对零流动无推进剂阴极的需求现状。提出铁电阴极用于小功率电推进中和器的可能性。研究了厚度为0．5mm的PLZT（锆钛镧酸铅）铁电陶瓷在低电压（1．0～1．2kV）条件下的电子发射性能。实验采用脉宽为1μs的单极性正高压脉冲作为激励源。在收集极获得了脉宽为320ns～3000ns,最高峰值为34A的发射电流。在10^-4乇的真空环境中得到了非常可靠的电子发射。     

不同边界层厚度下高马赫数进气道自起动过程研究

为了探寻入口边界层厚度变化对高马赫数进气道自起动性能的影响,对简化的二元高马赫数进气道的加速自起动过程进行数值仿真研究,分析了边界层厚度对自起动过程中流场波系结构变化和自起动性能的影响机制,获得了不同边界层厚度下的进气道自起动性能及主分离包高度的变化规律。结果表明:随着边界层相对厚度从0.05增加至0.3,进气道的自起动马赫数一开始保持不变,然后快速增大;相同主流条件下,不起动流场跨越主分离包无量纲压升和主分离包高度随边界层相对厚度的增大均变小;边界层动量损失厚度和跨越主分离包无量纲压升对进气道起动性能影响重大。     

Sporadic emission of ultra high energy gamma rays from crab pulsar

In a further study of sporadic emission from pulsars we find evidence for short lived intense emission from the Crab pulsar.     

Thermal and nonthermal flare emission observed with the Nobeyama Radio Heliograph

The early phases of three flares, observed by the Nobeyama Radio Heliograph, are studied. Nonthermal and thermal radio sources are identified by comparison with soft X-ray images taken by the Soft X-ray Telescope onboard the Yohkoh satellite. Two of the flares are mainly of nonthermal origin and their location coincides with one of the footpoints of soft X-ray loops. Another flare has both thermal and nonthermal components which start to brighten simultaneously. This suggests that particle acceleration and plasma compression develop simultaneously.