Effect of scavenge port angles on flow distribution and performance of swirl-loop scavenging in 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine

Swirl-Loop Scavenging (SLS) improves the performance of 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine because the involved swirl may not only benefit the scavenging process, but also facilitate the fuel atomization and combustion. The arrangement of scavenge port angles greatly influences in-cylinder flow distribution and swirl intensity, as well as the performance of the SLS engine. However, the mechanism of the effect and visualization experiment are rarely mentioned in the literature. To further investigate the SLS, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiment and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation are adopted to obtain its swirl distribution characteristics, and the effect of port angles on scavenging performance is discussed based on engine fired cycle simulation. The results illustrate that Reynolds Stress Turbulence model is accurate enough for in-cylinder flow simulation. Tangential and axial velocity distribution of the flow, as well as the scavenging performance, are mainly determined by geometric scavenge port angles α_geom and β_geom. For reinforcement of scavenging on cross-sections and meridian planes, α_geom value of 27° and β_geom value of 60° are preferred, under which the scavenging efficiency reaches as high as 73.7%. Excessive swirl intensity has a negative effect on SLS performance, which should be controlled to a proper extent.     

Designing method of acceleration and deceleration control schedule for variable cycle engine

Studies show that different geometries of a Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) can be adjusted during the transient stage of the engine operation to improve the engine performance. However, this improvement increases the complexity of the acceleration and deceleration control schedule. In order to resolve this problem, the Transient-state Reverse Method (TRM) is established in the present study based on the Steady-state Reverse Method (SRM) and the Virtual Power Extraction Method (VPEM). The state factors in the component-based engine performance models are replaced by variable geometry parameters to establish the TRM for a double bypass VCE. Obtained results are compared with the conventional component-based model from different aspects, including the accuracy and the convergence rate. The TRM is then employed to optimize the control schedule of a VCE. Obtained results show that the accuracy and the convergence rate of the proposed method are consistent with that of the conventional model. On the other hand, it is found that the new-model-optimized control schedules reduce the acceleration and deceleration time by 45% and 54%, respectively. Meanwhile, the surge margin of compressors, fuel–air ratio and the turbine inlet temperature maintained are within the acceptable criteria. It is concluded that the proposed TRM is a powerful method to design the acceleration and deceleration control schedule of the VCE.     

Integration of high-fidelity model of forward variable area bypass injector into zero-dimensional variable cycle engine model

Forward Variable Area Bypass Injector (FVABI) is one of key components which contributes to modulate the cycle parameters of Variable Cycle Engine (VCE) under various operation conditions. The modeling method of zero-dimensional FVABI was reviewed and its deficiency was analyzed based on FVABI flow characteristic. In order to improve the accuracy of VCE performance simulation, the high-fidelity modeling method of FVABI was developed based on its working characteristics. Then it was coupled with the zero-dimensional VCE model and the multi-level VCE model was built. The results indicate that the geometric and aerodynamic parameters can affect the interaction between the two airflows and the zero-dimensional FVABI model is too simple to predict the component performance accurately, especially when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked. Based on the performance curves for single bypass mode and the regression model of multi-scale support vector regression for double bypass mode, the high-fidelity model can predict FVABI performance accurately and rapidly. The integration of high-fidelity FVABI model into zero-dimensional VCE model can be done by adjusting iterative variables and balance equations. The multi-level model has good convergence and it can predict VCE performance when the FVABI inner bypass is chocked.     

某型飞机发动机安装架强度分析

某型飞机在换装新型大功率发动机后,对其发动机安装架也进行了相应的改进设计。本文就改进设计后的发动机安装架建立了有限元模型,并对其进行了载荷分析和强度校核。结果表明,该型飞机发动机安装架改进设计合理,改进后强度能满足使用要求。     

结构参数对环簇式塞式喷管性能的影响

为研究环簇式塞式喷管设计中人为选择的结构参数对性能的影响,在单元间距与内喷管出口直径比、单元喷管数目、内喷管面积比分别相同的前提下,计算并比较了三种塞式喷管的推力效率.结果表明,高空下内喷管面积比30.2的8单元接触式的效率最高,而低空下内喷管面积比20.7的8单元间隔式的效率最高.因此在总面积比一定的情况下,若塞式喷管在中低空高度下工作,则单元内喷管面积比可取得小些,以保证中低空下的效率;反之,则单元内喷管面积比尽量取得大些.      

叶尖间隙分布对内燃机增压压气机性能影响

采用三维CFD(计算流体动力学)方法,对两种相反叶尖间隙分布方式的无叶扩压器压气机级进行了详细流场分析,研究了叶尖间隙分布对跨声速离心压气机叶轮及扩压器性能的影响机理.结果表明,非均匀分布弦向间隙分布叶轮有较宽的稳定工作范围;出口轴向间隙小于进口径向间隙的压气机级压比和效率明显高于出口轴向间隙大于进口径向间隙的压气机级.较小的出口轴向间隙削弱了叶轮通道后半段间隙流动,显著提高了叶轮后部做功能力,获得更高的级压比;并使叶轮后部间隙涡强度及涡在叶轮通道和扩压器通道内耗散损失小,压气机级效率更高.      

跨、超声速吸附式压气机平面叶栅试验

对跨、超声速吸附式压气机平面叶栅进行了试验研究,试验针对若干抽气位置、抽气量和流动条件不同的叶栅工作状态进行,结果表明:一般在通道激波后、附面层分离前抽气对控制叶片附面层在逆压力梯度区的发展、抑制分离、降低叶栅损失、升叶栅气动性能有较明显的效果;在跨声速叶栅中,抽气量大于某个时抽气才能起到减小损失、改善性能的作用.      

旋流杯燃烧室头部流场与喷雾对贫油熄火的影响

对两种不同的燃烧室头部(三旋流杯头部为A型、双旋流杯头部为B型)进行了研究。对有两种头部的燃烧室进行了冷态流场的数值模拟,用粒子动态分析仪(PDA)测量了两种头部的速度场和喷雾场,结合慢车工况的贫油熄火试验结果进行了分析。结果表明:A型头部喷雾的索太尔平均直径(SMD)和均匀度能满足燃烧室的性能要求,比B型头部的要好,但其贫熄特性不理想。而B型头部的贫熄特性好于A型;A型头部的内旋流器气流流通量应减小一些,以利于喷嘴端部低压区的形成,这样有可能进一步降低贫油熄火油气比。      

陶瓷材料及陶瓷发动机的展望

 本文就结构陶瓷和功能陶瓷的许多独特性能进行了综述。讨论了陶瓷发动机的发展情况及优点,尤其是随着科学技术的飞跃发展,陶瓷材料的微观机理,产品的设计和力学特征等方面的研究。预计在不久的将来,新型的陶瓷发动机将以崭新的面貌出现。     

国内外民用航空发动机-飞机数据图形库系统的开发

 1.引言 国内外民用航空发动-飞机数据图形库系统的开发是应用计算机数据库技术、图形技术对航空科学与工程数据进行计算机辅助管理的一次尝试。该系统是在“微机汉字dBASEⅢ+微机汉字C编译”支持下设计与实现的具有图形功能的关系型汉字数据库应用系统。该系