降低气动非线性的高超飞行器总体优化方法研究

针对高超声速飞行器严重气动非线性特性给控制系统设计提出的高要求,基于推广的随控布局思想,从控制系统设计角度对高超声速飞行器总体提出气动非线性程度低的优化设计指标。引入高超声速飞行器气动非线性特性度量——非线性度的定义,通过气动工程估算建立非线性度与飞行器总体外形参数关系的表征模型,将非线性度表示为总体外形参数的函数;采用遗传算法求解以总体外形参数为决策变量和以非线性度最小为目标函数的优化问题;最终确定随控优化思想下的高超声速飞行器总体优化策略。算例分析表明,本文提出的总体随控优化方法对于改善高超声速飞行器的气动非线性特性简单有效。     

Correction of B2bot for NeQuick during low solar activity at Hainan station

This work is a continuation of the previous article and it focuses on low solar activity and modeling effort. NeQuick model uses Epstein layer formalism to model each part of the profile. We study the diurnal and seasonal variations of B2_bot, ΔB2 (B2_best − B2_NeQuick2) and R (B2_best/B2_{NeQuick 2}) at Hainan station during low solar activity. The results show it is possible to improve the B2_bot parameter of the NeQuick model at that region during low solar activity. Then, we use a function ?(t) with LT in different seasons to correct the B2_bot formula of NeQuick 2. The correction shows that (1) By the correction formula, the B2_bot of NeQuick is improved. The maximum standard deviation is improved for 9 km. (2) The correction formula is more effective in summer than in equinox and winter and performs better during early morning hours than during the rest of the day.     

月壤剖面锥型螺旋刃成孔钻头设计

针对月壤剖面钻进成孔探测需求,提出一种锥型螺旋刃成孔钻头,建立其钻进排屑性能的理论模型,并以此开展钻头结构参数的优化设计。在此基础上,分析螺旋刃切削姿态及其切削参数,基于直线刃平面切削理论建立锥型螺旋刃成孔钻头钻进切削负载预估模型,开展锥型螺旋刃成孔钻头模拟月壤剖面钻进负载特性试验验证。研究结果表明,相比于直线刃钻头,锥型螺旋刃成孔钻头的钻进排屑性能更优,而且钻进切削负载模型与试验结果具有较好的吻合度。研究成果对我国拟实施的月面钻取采样工程具有重要的借鉴价值。     

在片功率参数校准方法研究

针对在片功率参数的校准需求,分析如何通过矢量方法修正由于微波探针和功率计引入的失配误差,并推导相关修正公式。同时对在片功率测量矢量修正中涉及的微波探针S参数提取方法做介绍,并将试验提取的S参数与微波探针的出厂数据比较。最后将在片功率参数测量的矢量修正数据分别与标量修正数据和未修正数据比较,结果表明,在40GHz内,运用矢量修正得到的在片功率参数测量结果准确度较未修正结果提高0.4dB,较标量修正结果提高0.1dB。     

中尺度预报模式不同方案实验研究

以大雾天气为例,利用WRF中尺度数值预报模式对各物理参数进行调整,从而验证各物理方案对大雾形成和发展的作用,并将其与控制性实验进行比较。对水汽通量散度、雾区范围分析,结果表明：这三个敏感性实验都不能很好地反映实况,因此原控制性实验更适合做定量定性研究。     

Global comparison of the model results of GSM TIP with IRI for summer conditions

This paper presents the results of the numerical calculations thermosphere/ionosphere parameters which were executed with using of the Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere and Protonosphere (GSM TIP)and comparison of these results with empirically-based model IRI-2001. Model GSM TIP was developed in West Department of IZMIRAN and solves self-consistently the time-dependent, 3-D coupled equations of the momentum, energy and continuity for neutral particles (O₂, N₂, O), ions (O⁺, H⁺), molecular ions (M⁺) and electrons and largescale eletric field of the dynamo and magnetospheric origin in the range of height from 80 km to 15 Earth’s radii. The empirically derived IRI model describes the E and F regions of the ionosphere in terms of location, time, solar activity and season. Its output provides a global specification not only of N_e but also on the ion and electron temperatures and the ion composition. These two models represent a unique set of capabilities that reflect major differences in along with a substantial approaches of the first-principles model and global database model for the mapping ionosphere parameters. We focus on global distribution of the N_e, T_i, T_e and TEC for the one moment UT and fixed altitudes: 110 km, h_mF2, 300 km and 1000 km. The calculations were executed with using of GSM TIP and IRI models for August 1999, moderate solar activity and quiet geomagnetic conditions. Results present as the global differences between the IRI and GSM TIP models predictions. The discrepancies between model results are discussed.     

系留气球尾翼参数气动设计研究

以某型号具有倒“Y”型尾翼布局的系留气球为算例进行数值模拟计算,在保证尾翼的布置形式及安装位置不变的情况下,对尾翼参数的气动设计进行研究。     

几何参数对逆流矢量喷管性能的影响研究

采用数值模拟研究了逆流矢量喷管中主要几何参数（二次流道高度G与外套管轴向长度L、横向高度C、出口边缘斜切角θ）对气动性能的影响。结果表明,L或G的增加均提高了矢量角,减少了合成推力系数,但较小的G（如0.2）更容易发生主流附体。当C=H（主喷管出口高度）时气动性能达到最佳,所对应的矢量角最大。θ对气动性能的影响较小,但对矢量角的最大值起到限制作用。     

低压储能的升浮一体飞行器总体参数研究

升浮一体飞行器是一种综合了太阳能无人机和平流层飞艇特点的新型临近空间飞行器,是航空航天领域研究的热点,可再生燃料电池是升浮一体飞行器最有发展前景的储能装置。针对现有燃料电池中氢气和氧气存储方式的缺陷,充分利用升浮一体飞行器巨大的机身体积,提出了采用低压气囊储气的燃料电池方案,建立了升浮一体飞行器总体参数计算模型,提出常规燃料电池和气囊储气燃料电池的理论计算方法。研究了不同储气方式对升浮一体飞行器的能源系统以及飞行器总体参数的影响。研究表明,采用低压储气方法后,氢气的质量储气密度可提高至13.0%,燃料电池存储能量为1 489.7 kWh条件下,能量密度可达到1 000 Wh/kg以上,对减小升浮一体飞行器总重和外形尺寸、提高飞行器载荷能力有显著作用。