钎焊式离心轮加工工艺研究

离心轮水力性能的优劣对泵的效率影响最大，离心轮加工质量好坏直接影响泵的特性。针对钎焊式离心轮加工的技术要求与技术难点进行分析、研究，结合现有数控设备对离心轮的加工工艺进行改进、优化及数控加工转化。     

Corner-milling of Thin Walled Cavities on Aeronautical Components

This article presents a mathematical model of helical end-milling forces through experimental identification of the cutting coefficients and analyzes the changes of corner-milling forces under different conditions. In allusion to the corner-milling process, the relationship between working parameters and the corner coordinates is investigated by way of combination of tool tracing and cutting geometrodynamics. The milling parameters are optimized by changing the coordinates of tool center and working parameters without altering cutting forces. By applying the optimized parameters to milling practice, a comparison is made to show the improved product quality. Based on these optimized parameters, a finite element method (FEM) program is used to compute deformation values of a workpiece's corner, which evidences few effects that optimized parameters can exert on the corner deformation.     

HISTORICAL PROCEDURES AND G-DSG METHOD BASED MANUFACTURING PLANNING

Oriented to CAD/CAM seamless integration, this paper presents an idea for synthetically considering the qualitative history model, which represents the whole course of modeling, and the quantitative geometry model, which contains the extended Brep model, CSG and feature pedigree. History model building captures in background the dynamic interactive definition of engineering requirement and then explicitly conveys the original intention to successive application layers, which isc onductive to the decision support of manufacturing planning in not only automatic geometry re-constructing but also machining set-up. G-DSG theory as an earlier achievement is applied to generate the topology-independent generalized mid-model as an input to manufacturing planning, which istherefore simplified and its accuracy is simultaneously improved. Manufacturing planning lays emphasis on optimizing the mapping in both geometry and function from part itself to detail machining scheme. Comparatively, process planning pays more attention to the mapping to those items like tool, fixture, etc. Theoretically, such an idea is also beneficial to realizing the parametric NC machining trajectory generation and maintaining its dynamic consistency with the update of the design model.     

Dual Drive Curve Tool Path Planning Method for 5-axis NC Machining of Sculptured Surfaces

The problem of finished surface being not first-order continuous commonly exists in machining sculptured surfaces with a torus cutter and some other types of cutters. To solve this problem, a dual drive curve tool path planning method is proposed in this article. First, the maximum machining strip width of a whole tool path can be obtained through optimizing each tool position with multi-point machining (MPM) method. Second, two drive curves are then determined according to the obtained maximum machining strip width. Finally, the tool is positioned once more along the dual drive curve under the condition of tool path smoothness. A computer simulation and cutting experiments are carried out to testify the performance of the new method. The machined surface is measured with a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to examine the machining quality. The results obtained show that this method can effectively eliminate sharp scallops between adjacent tool paths, keep tool paths smooth, and improve the surface machining quality as well as machining efficiency.     

Electrochemical machining of a convex strips structure on a revolving part by using site directed power interruption

Revolving parts with complex surface structures are widely used in machinery and mechanical equipment. The ECM process provides its adequacy to cut hard materials with different shapes, and its applications are widely increased, due to its outstanding advantages. In this paper, a new method for machining a convex strips structure on a cylinder by using site directed power interruption(SDPI) in the ECM process is presented. A variable correction value of the power-off time was defined and optimized to obtain the ideal interval for better machining accuracy and stability.The electric field distribution and the simulated convex profiles show that the stray current density can be reduced effectively by using the proposed method. The correction value has an important influence on the machining accuracy. A suitable correction value in the range of 0.6–1.2 s can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the convex strips structure. Experiments were also conducted to verify the proposed method. Results have confirmed that the stray corrosion on the convex strips surface is significantly reduced and the machining accuracy of convex strips structure is remarkably improved by using the proposed method with a suitable correction value in the ECM process. Finally, a convex strip with a height of 2 mm on a thin-wall revolving part was also produced successfully using a correction value of 0.9.     

电化学辅助沉积KH-570硅烷对AZ31B镁合金耐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学辅助沉积方法对AZ31B镁合金进行硅烷化处理,借助于动电位极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱等电化学测试手段研究了γ-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)添加量对膜层质量及耐蚀性能的影响,并比较了利用羟基磷灰石(HA)颗粒、铈盐离子(Ce3+)两种改性物质改良硅烷溶液后所制得膜层的质量及耐蚀性能.结果表明:AZ31B镁合金经电化学辅助沉积硅烷处理后,表面生成一层均匀而致密的硅烷透明膜层,有效地减缓了镁合金的腐蚀行为,促使其自腐蚀电流密度大大降低;在硅烷电化学辅助沉积处理过程中,KH-570存在最佳添加量,当其添加体积约为8 mL时所制备出的硅烷膜层质量最好、耐蚀性能最佳;通过改良硅烷溶液,电化学辅助沉积制备的硅烷膜层质量进一步提高,Ce3+改良效果更佳.     

基于等几何法的叶片电解加工过程仿真方法研究

航空发动机叶片具有复杂的加工边界,其电解加工的过程仿真是加工预测的重要手段.而传统基于有限元法的腐蚀过程仿真需要反复划分网格,且存在边界上计算精度不足的问题.提出利用等几何法原理提升叶片电解加工数值仿真精度的思路,采用NURBS基函数替代原有拉格朗日基函数建立加工间隙物理场的求解方程组,解决由于NURBS基函数在边界处非插值特性引起的Dirichlet边界条件施加误差.将阳极边界的腐蚀位移转化为其控制顶点位移,避免反复划分网格所占用的计算时间,提升过程仿真精度.最后,通过试验证明该方法的有效性.     

国外铍材应用与加工进展

由于其优越的性能,铍及其合金被广泛的应用于制造核装置、空间飞行器、惯性导航系统、精密光学系统关键零组件.为了借鉴国外铍加工发展经验,本文对国外铍材应用、机械加工、特种加工、钎焊、机械连接和胶结以及加工防护等方面的发展现状进行了介绍.     

钛合金放电诱导可控燃爆烧蚀高效车削

钛合金在放电诱导和助燃氧气的共同作用下能通过自身燃烧反应被蚀除,随着助燃氧气压力增大,钛合金蚀除速度增大,但是当气体压力增大到一定程度时会发生爆炸,影响材料成形精度。针对钛合金放电诱导烧蚀高效车削加工提出了基于可控燃爆机理的新加工理念,即通过定量高压复合低压进气系统以实现钛合金在加工过程中处于可控燃爆状态,以增加钛合金蚀除速度。并与只通入低压氧气的加工方式进行对比试验。结果表明:基于可控燃爆机理的车削加工,在保证加工精度的前提下,通过间歇定量高压助燃氧气实现钛合金燃爆的可控高效加工,其蚀除速度远远高于只通入低压氧气的放电诱导烧蚀车削。     

环面工具加工叶根过渡曲面的刀位可行域

利用环面工具加工过渡曲面时经常发生整体干涉,主要原因是缺乏对复杂环面工具加工复杂曲面时刀位可行域的研究。虽然采用常规的优化方法在大范围内对可行刀位进行搜索是可行的,但是需要耗费大量时间。为了避免刀具与过渡曲面的干涉并同时提高加工效率,研究了一种更加符合此区域结构特点的刀位优化算法,使得叶根过渡曲面得以无干涉地整体宽行加工。通过对典型叶根过渡曲面的可行刀位进行研究,发现其可行域形状为盾形,且行宽最大的刀位位于该盾形区域的两个底部边界上,有时位于该边界的端点上。根据该原理提出一种最优刀位搜索方法——沿着盾形区域底部边界搜索,应用最优化的刀位可行域以获得高的加工效率。以某航空发动机叶片的叶根过渡曲面为例进行了刀位优化计算、仿真和加工实验,验证了该方法在叶根过渡曲面加工中的有效性。