准互易光学电压传感器的电场计算与误差分析

针对一种新型的具有准互易反射式光路结构的光学电压传感器,设计了基于锗酸铋(BGO,Bi₄Ge₃O₁₂)晶体横向调制方式的高压探头.采用ANSYS有限元分析软件对所设计的高压探头进行电场计算,得到了探头内的电场及电势分布;讨论了探头内电场分布不均匀及干扰电场导致的测量误差.计算结果表明:标准条件下探头的最高可测电压不低于15 kV;电场分布不均匀导致光沿着晶体内不同路径传输时,电场强度对路径的积分结果即测量电压不同,影响传感器的稳定性和测量精度;探头内干扰电场导致0~5 kV范围内最大测量误差达1.2‰,这一测量误差对于2‰精度的电压传感器是不可忽略的.      

Anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing of KDP crystal

Based on the special physical–chemical characteristics of optical crystal in the field of aeronautics, a new anhydrous based shear-thickening polishing (ASTP) method has been proposed to restrain deliquescence and to improve physical properties for KDP machining. The ultra-precision polishing of KDP crystal is completed by ASTP. A kind of anhydrous based thickening polishing slurry (ATPS) was proposed in our work, and high-performance rheological properties were determined to achieve the ASTP of KDP crystal. A material removal model of ASTP in KDP machining is established, followed by the verification experiment of the prediction model. The maximum error of the predictive model is only 9.8%, which proves the validity of the material removal model for KDP polishing. The polishing experiments were carried out on the polishing platform developed by ourselves. The results show that the new polishing method can polish 20 mm × 20 mm × 5 mm KDP crystal and obtain a super-smooth surface with a surface roughness of 1.37 nm and high shape accuracy. The surface accuracy of polished KDP crystal reaches up to 0.68λ (RMS). The experimental results show that the ASTP is a potential ultra-precision machining method for KDP crystal.     

兰州空间技术物理研究所电推进新进展

兰州空间技术物理研究所是我国电推进技术研究和产品研制的主要单位。2014年兰州空间技术物理研究所在电推进发展中取得了多方面的重要进展,分别从空间飞行试验、型号产品研制、新产品开发、专业技术基础研究等方面进行了总结性的系统介绍。空间飞行试验包括了SJ-9A卫星离子电推进系统和XY-2卫星霍尔电推进系统,型号产品研制包括了DFH-3B平台首发卫星LIPS-200离子电推进系统、DFH-5卫星平台和全电推进卫星平台的LIPS-300离子电推进系统及LEO大型航天器主动电位控制系统,正在研发的新产品包括LIPS-200+,LIPS-100和LIPS-400等离子推力器及LHT-140霍尔推力器,电推进专业技术基础研究工作主要包括栅极组件工作寿命分析及概率性评估、放电室性能分析及优化以及基于等离子体能量沉积的推力器热分析等。     

霍尔推力器电磁辐射测量方案研究

电磁辐射特性的检测与评估是电推进系统与航天器系统间电磁兼容性研究的重要组成部分。电推进放电室和电子电路间电压、电流振荡引起强电磁辐射干扰,可能会对卫星平台及载荷运行产生不良影响,开展电推进电磁兼容性能测试试验十分必要。介绍了霍尔推力器电磁辐射测试系统研制方案,为优化霍尔电推进系统性能设计提供参考。     

GEO卫星电推进与化学推进组合变轨方案研究

针对GEO卫星采用电推进和化学推进系统进行变轨的问题,在给定轨道控制模型的基础上,给出实现轨道半长轴、偏心率和倾角3个参数单独调整和联合控制的控制律。结合假设的运载火箭发射能力约束,给出航天器不同入轨高度对应的初始质量。以此为约束,给出化学推进和电推进不同组合的6种GTO向GEO转移方案,并对比分析各方案完成变轨所需的时间、推进剂、速度增量以及完成变轨后的质量剩余情况,研究方法可为电推进系统在航天领域的应用提供参考。     

On high-altitude electric fields in the auroral downward current region and their coupling to ionospheric electric fields

The downward field-aligned current region plays an active role in magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling processes associated with aurora. A quasi-static electric field structure with a downward parallel electric field forms at altitudes between 800 km and 5000 km, accelerating ionospheric electrons upward, away from the auroral ionosphere. Other phenomena including energetic ion conics, electron solitary waves, low-frequency wave activity, and plasma density cavities occur in this region, which also acts as a source region for VLF saucers. Results are presented from high-altitude Cluster observations with particular emphasis on the characteristics and dynamics of quasi-static electric field structures. These, extending up to altitudes of at least 4–5 Earth radii, appear commonly as monopolar or bipolar electric fields. The former occur at sharp boundaries, such as the polar cap boundary whereas the bipolar fields occur at softer boundaries within the plasma sheet. The temporal evolution of quasi-static electric field structures, as captured by the pearls-on-a-string configuration of the Cluster spacecraft, indicates that the formation of electric field structures and of ionospheric plasma density cavities are closely coupled processes. A related feature of the downward current is a broadening of the current sheet with time, possibly related to the depletion process. Preliminary studies of the coupling of electric fields in the downward current region, show that small-scale structures are typically decoupled from the ionosphere, similar to what has been found for the upward current region. However, exceptions are also found where small-scale electric fields couple perfectly between the ionosphere and Cluster altitudes. Recent FAST results indicate that the degree of coupling differs between sheet-like and curved structures, and that it is typically partial. The electric field coupling further depends on the current–voltage relationship, which is highly non-linear in the downward current region, and still unrevealed, as to its specific form.     

离子发动机栅极系统中束流离子的三维模拟

应用网格质点法,对离子发动机栅极系统进行了三维数值模拟.模拟得到了离子发动机栅极系统中的电场分布、离子运动轨迹、离子在计算域内的空间分布和相空间分布等.计算结果表明,屏栅的离子透明度为69.3%,大于其物理透明度67.1%,加速栅的离子透明度为100%,远大于其物理透明度31.1%,说明所选模拟工况参数合理.模拟结果可以为离子发动机栅极的初步设计提供理论参考.      

机载计算机B型前锁紧装置的设计研究和应用

以机载计算机所使用的后矩形电连接器的需求为出发点,以G JB441-88《机载电子设备机箱、安装架的安装形式和基本尺寸》的规定为基础,重点研究了B型前锁紧装置的工作原理、结构设计以及在工程中的应用,针对可能出现的问题给出解决的方法。采用Autodesk Inventor三维设计软件进行结构设计,对设计结果采用MSC.Fatigue软件进行强度仿真,根据仿真结果对设计进行优化。设计开发出一套符合相关技术要求的B型前锁紧装置。列举几种已通过的典型的试验环境,证明该结构设计合理可行,满足机载电子设备的使用要求。     

电推进飞行试验在轨诊断技术

文章介绍了国外在电推进空间飞行试验或型号应用中采用在轨诊断技术的情况,结合电推进系统飞行性能测量和电推进系统与应用航天器之间相互作用的研究,讨论和评价了电推进在轨诊断技术。     

三元流闭式叶轮组合电加工技术研究Ⅰ——总体方案设计及关键技术

针对难切削材料三元流闭式叶轮上复杂弯扭型腔的加工难题,提出数控电解(NC-ECM)/数控电火花(NC-EDM)组合加工数字化制造技术方案。本文重点论述了其总体方案设计及关键技术,包括总体工艺流程设计,数控电解预加工中阴极及运动轨迹设计,数控电火花精加工中电极及加工轨迹设计,工装夹具设计以及加工参数的选择与优化等问题。成功试制了合格的某型三元流闭式叶轮,试验结果表明,组合电加工技术能够满足三元流闭式叶轮的实际生产要求。