Numerical study of a trapezoidal bypass dual throat nozzle

Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle (BDTN) is a novel type of fluidic thrust vectoring nozzle. To improve the infrared stealth performance of BDTN, a nozzle based on BDTN is proposed and numerically simulated. Each cross-section along the x-axis of the novel nozzle becomes a trapezoid, which is named “BDTN-TRA.” The main numerical simulation results show that BDTN-TRA can produce a thrust vectoring angle when the upper or lower bypass valve is open. The angle difference between the two conditions mentioned above is usually approximately 1°–2°. Even if the two bypasses are closed, BDTN-TRA can produce a small thrust vectoring angle at around 3°–5°. When the sidewall angle increases from 60° to 90°, the thrust coefficient and thrust vectoring angle under each work condition usually decrease. A larger aspect ratio indicates better performance. As the aspect ratio increases over 7.2, the performance of BDTN-TRA is quite close to that of BDTN with rectangular cross-sections at the same aspect ratio. These features will benefit the control and trimming for future aircraft design, especially for the flying wing layout aircraft. Last but not least, BDTN-TRA has a more extraordinary mixing performance compared with BDTN. The distributions of static temperature and axial velocity along the x-axis of BDTN-TRA with sidewall angle of 60° decrease faster than those of BDTN. When the total temperature of the inlet equals 1600 K, the static temperature difference between BDTN-TRA with sidewall angles of 60° and 90° is over 360 K at twice the length of the nozzle downstream of the nozzle exit, which is the reflection for excellent infrared stealth for the fighter.     

航天器可展开薄膜遮光罩的构型设计与优化

针对当前航天器遮光罩轻量化的需求，在保证薄膜遮光罩有效面积不变的前提下，根据质量和有效面积占比设计了一款柔性平面薄膜遮光罩。以提高薄膜边缘应力的同时尽量避免有效圆面积占比减少为优化目标，对薄膜遮光罩的边缘做弧边优化设计。结果表明，当薄膜遮光罩为正六边形时，既能保证结构对称性，又能获得较低的单位有效面积占比对应质量。通过应力叠加法建立了薄膜遮光罩的应力分布模型，求出薄膜边缘应力的理论计算值。探究了弧边拱高的增加对薄膜边缘应力和有效圆面积占比的影响规律，当二者的函数曲线相交于一点时，可取为薄膜弧边的最优拱高。根据设计的薄膜遮光罩参数，搭建薄膜遮光罩的试验样机并进行展开试验。薄膜遮光罩可完全展开，薄膜边缘张紧度高，证明了薄膜遮光罩系统方案设计的可靠性，弧边设计可有效提高薄膜边缘的应力水平。     

Ka频段双极化低剖面卫通相控阵天线

当前国内外低轨通信互联网星座发展迅猛，面向卫通天线跨星跨波束快速切换、低剖面应用需求，提出了一种Ka频段层叠式缝隙耦合双圆极化发射相控阵天线。基于多层PCB叠层瓦式架构，将天线层、电源与控制层、功分网络层和芯片层一体化集成。基于“双线极化天线+移相控制”设计实现左右旋圆极化及其极化切换，采用子阵相位旋转排布实现天线整阵二次圆极化。测试结果表明：天线工作频段为27.5~31GHz，29.2GHz处法向等效各向同性辐射功率值为16.5dBW，可实现±60°扫描，法向轴比＜2dB，左右旋圆极化可切换，天线子阵厚度3mm。相比传统砖式相控阵天线，大幅降低了剖面和重量，对卫通天线低剖面、波束快速切换等具有重要应用意义。     

通道参数对超声速叶栅性能的影响

为了研究喉部面积比、喉部位置及稠度对超声速叶栅最小损失点性能的影响，基于直接控制通道的造型方法获得一系列设计马赫数为1.4且具有不同通道参数的平面叶栅。数值计算与流场分析结果表明：根据叶栅通道内激波系结构的不同可将其划分为启动态叶栅与过渡态叶栅。喉部参数主要通过改变激波系位置影响叶栅性能。启动态叶栅喉部面积比越小、喉部位置越靠前，其最小损失越小、静压比越高；过渡态叶栅则相反。稠度改变时叶栅通道中激波系结构发生变化，大稠度叶栅大多处于启动态，最小损失小且静压比高；小稠度叶栅大多处于过渡态，具有更大的裕度。     

面向空间通信的DTN一体化传输性能约束研究

相比于地面网络，空间通信链路具有较长的延迟、频繁的中断、较高的误码率及上下行链路非对称等特性，互联网成熟的网络技术并不适用，对网络可靠传输性能的保障提出了挑战。不同于空间IP协议体系方案，针对空间通信链路特性，采用多种传输机制兼容的DTN（delay tolerant networking）协议架构。重点针对链路非对称、和信道误码率等特性，研究对保障可靠传输的TCP和LTP两种传输机制的性能制约，并给出LTP（Licklider transport protocol）机制的跨层包尺寸优化模型。基于半实物仿真平台，构建静止轨道GEO以下的空间通信场景，进行真实数据流仿真，分析链路因素对协议传输性能的影响。仿真结果表明，在近地端误码率和信道非对称比例较小的空间通信场景中，仍可以采用TCP机制保障可靠传输，但对于误码率和信道非对称比例较高的通信场景，应考虑采用LTP传输机制保障通信的有效性和可靠性。