ZnO纳米带和纳米环静电能和弹性势能的分析和计算

氧化锌是一种宽禁带半导体材料。它被广泛地应用于光电子学的各个领域。随着纳米科学的发展。近年来出现越来越多的氧化锌纳米材料的研究。本文从静电能和弹性势能的角度出发，分析了ZnO纳米单晶从带状通过自身缠绕成环状的生长机制，从理论上说明了纳米环能够形成的物理机理以及在何种条件下才能生长出纳米环。     

复合固体推进剂的模量调节

综述了填充聚合物模量理论研究的发展概况，认为基体模量和有效填充分数是影响复合固体推进剂模量的两个主要参数。从填料、粘合剂、界面作用和工艺四个方面对影响复合固体推进剂模量的因素进行了讨论，提出了调节复合固体推进剂模量的技术途径。直接途径是调节化学及物理交联密度、填充分数、粒度级配和填料形状；间接途径是增强粘合剂网络物理相互作用、填料细化、增强界面粘附作用和改进工艺等。     

起动发电机弹性轴断裂故障分析

对一起直流起动发电机弹性轴断裂故障进行分析和研究，并提出了相应的修理及预防措施。     

Utilization of CAM,CAF, MAX,and FAX for space radiation analyses using HZETRN

To estimate astronaut health risk due to space radiation, one must have the ability to calculate various exposure-related quantities that are averaged over specific organs and tissue types. Such calculations require computational models of the ambient space radiation environment, particle transport, nuclear and atomic physics, and the human body. While significant efforts have been made to verify, validate, and quantify the uncertainties associated with many of these models and tools, relatively little work has focused on the uncertainties associated with the representation and utilization of the human phantoms. In this study, we first examine the anatomical properties of the Computerized Anatomical Man (CAM), Computerized Anatomical Female (CAF), Male Adult voXel (MAX), and Female Adult voXel (FAX) models by comparing the masses of various model tissues used to calculate effective dose to the reference values specified by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The MAX and FAX tissue masses are found to be in good agreement with the reference data, while major discrepancies are found between the CAM and CAF tissue masses and the reference data for almost all of the effective dose tissues. We next examine the distribution of target points used with the deterministic transport code HZETRN (High charge (Z) and Energy TRaNsport) to compute mass averaged exposure quantities. A numerical algorithm is presented and used to generate multiple point distributions of varying fidelity for many of the effective dose tissues identified in CAM, CAF, MAX, and FAX. The point distributions are used to compute mass averaged dose equivalent values under both a galactic cosmic ray (GCR) and solar particle event (SPE) environment impinging isotropically on three spherical aluminum shells with areal densities of 0.4 g/cm², 2.0 g/cm², and 10.0 g/cm². The dose equivalent values are examined to identify a recommended set of target points for each of the tissues and to further assess the differences between CAM, CAF, MAX, and FAX. It is concluded that the previously published CAM and CAF point distributions were significantly under-sampled and that the set of point distributions presented here should be adequate for future studies involving CAM, CAF, MAX, or FAX. It is also found that the errors associated with the mass and location of certain tissues in CAM and CAF have a significant impact on the mass averaged dose equivalent values, and it is concluded that MAX and FAX are more accurate than CAM and CAF for space radiation analyses.     

Effective Coulomb force modeling for spacecraft in Earth orbit plasmas

Coulomb formation flight is a concept that utilizes electrostatic forces to control the separations of close proximity spacecraft. The Coulomb force between charged bodies is a product of their size, separation, potential and interaction with the local plasma environment. A fast and accurate analytic method of capturing the interaction of a charged body in a plasma is shown. The Debye–Hückel analytic model of the electrostatic field about a charged sphere in a plasma is expanded to analytically compute the forces. This model is fitted to numerical simulations with representative geosynchronous and low Earth orbit (GEO and LEO) plasma environments using an effective Debye length. This effective Debye length, which more accurately captures the charge partial shielding, can be up to 7 times larger at GEO, and as great as 100 times larger at LEO. The force between a sphere and point charge is accurately captured with the effective Debye length, as opposed to the electron Debye length solutions that have errors exceeding 50%. One notable finding is that the effective Debye lengths in LEO plasmas about a charged body are increased from centimeters to meters. This is a promising outcome, as the reduced shielding at increased potentials provides sufficient force levels for operating the electrostatically inflated membrane structures concept at these dense plasma altitudes.     

带弹性元件扑翼机构的动力学分析及实验

为研究扑翼飞行器传动机构的能量特性，以特拉华大学机械系统实验室所研制样机为原型进行了建模。引入气动项和拉力弹簧建立了完整的动力学模型。分析发现，气动项的力矩峰值为惯性项的4.8倍，对电机的转矩峰值的影响起主要作用。运用正交法进行仿真发现，引入拉力弹簧可以使电机转矩峰值最大降低77.5%，与理论分析相符合。进一步的物理实验验证了理论分析和仿真结果的正确性，并得到了当弹簧的连接点位置为185 mm、原长为200 mm及刚度为0.1 N/mm时实验结果取得最优值，可为扑翼机传动机构的优化设计提供依据。此外，引入弹性元件也可有效降低电机的转速波动，进而为仿生扑翼飞行器的生产和实践应用提供理论指导。     

针栓式喷注单元雾化角模型分析

为了实现不同径向孔形的针栓式喷注器雾化角的准确预测，从动量守恒方程出发建立了液膜撞击液膜和液膜撞击液束的雾化角理论修正模型。对于液膜撞击液膜的喷注单元，模型中通过理论推导引入了2个变形因子，将撞击的几何变形效应与雾化角关联；对于液膜撞击液束，通过引入阻塞率定义有效撞击动量比，同时将液束入口孔形的影响隐含考虑在变形因子中，最后根据高速摄影试验结果和数值仿真结果获得了对应的变形因子组合系数，使得新的雾化角模型适应性更广、准确性更高。结果表明：引入变形因子和阻塞率的理论模型预测值与试验及数值仿真结果吻合很好；对于液膜撞击液膜，变形因子基本维持在0.9~1.1，根据试验结果及仿真结果，变形因子推荐值为C₁=0.99和C₂=1.06；对于液膜撞击液束，变形因子推荐值为C₁=0.75和C₂=1.25。该模型根据实际出口的轴向动量和合成总动量计算雾化角，隐含考虑了撞击作用造成的影响，较根据撞击前入口的轴向动量和合成总动量计算雾化角的常用模型预测值准确度显著提高，为针栓式喷注器的理论研究和工程设计提供了重要参考。     

航空运输中系留索弹性变形对货物偏移量的影响分析

为获取在航空运输中系留索弹性变形对货物偏移量的影响效果,构建了货物系留固定的受力计算模型,并通过实例分析,计算分析了不同系留索弹性变形的条件下对货物最大偏移量的影响,实现了不同系留索的弹性变形对货物最大偏移量影响效果的可视化。该计算模型为货物系留索设计提供了重要依据,保证了航空货物运输的安全。     

母语对二语习得的积极影响

在我国外语教学实践中,教师们运用目的语教学在一定时期确实推动了我国基础英语教育的改革和发展。但是,由于该教学法完全使用外语讲解语法会造成学生的理解困难,增加学生的心理负担,使得学生难以提升自己。长期的英语教学经验告诉我们,在第二语言学习过程中,恰当地利用母语,可以帮助学生加深对外语词汇和表达法的理解和记忆,提高学习效率,使外语的教与学更有成效。     

螺纹的综合测量和单项测量

简要介绍了螺纹测量的现状和目前存在的问题,讨论了螺纹测量需要研究的几个问题,分析了螺纹单项参数测量和综合测量的关系以及螺纹量值传递技术.具体介绍了实现内螺纹中径参数测量的测量原理、测量方法和测量中的问题.