基于退化模型的失效机理一致性检验方法

有效的加速试验必须保证产品的失效机理不变。针对加速退化试验(ADT)可靠性建模的特点,提出了一种基于退化模型的失效机理一致性检验方法。以基于随机过程和基于退化轨迹拟合的退化模型为例,通过加速系数的2种等效定义分别建立了模型参数与失效机理不变的内在联系,进一步推导出其参数在不同应力下须满足的关系。在合理假定检验样本服从正态分布的基础上,利用t统计量对样本的一致性进行检验。通过2个ADT实例验证了所提检验方法的合理性与可行性。     

飞翼无人机3种保形进气口进气道气动与隐身综合特性对比

基于飞翼布局无人机隐身与结构装载布置要求,保形设计了3种进气口形状的背负式S弯进气道,按照进口投影截面形状上、下底之比顺序排列,分别为三角形、梯形和矩形.利用数值模拟方法对无人机内外流场耦合流动进行计算分析,且基于射线弹跳(SBR)法对进气道电磁散射特性进行仿真研究,获得了飞翼无人机3种进气道的气动与隐身综合特性.研究结果表明:①矩形进气道模型升阻和纵向力矩特性表现均最好;②3种 进气道模型按顺序排列总压恢复系数逐渐增大,畸变指数逐渐减小,进气道沿程气流也逐渐顺畅,矩形进气道模型进气道内流特性最优;③0°迎角下3种进气道模型雷达散射截面(RCS)均值基本呈现先增大后减小的特征,进气道终端开放时矩形进气道模型隐身性能最好,而终端短路时三角形进气道模型隐身效果更优异.      

齿位置对压气机级间封严影响的数值研究

通过对压气机级间封严不同齿位置时的流场和温度场进行数值模拟,获得其泄漏特性、旋流特性和风阻温升特性.研究单齿、双齿和三齿的相对位置对级间篦齿封严的流量系数、出口旋转比和风阻温升的影响.结果表明:单齿情况下,单齿在下游时的流量系数最小,出口旋转比和风阻温升最大.双齿情况下,上游和下游各一齿时的流量系数最小.三齿情况下,上、下游和中间各一齿时流量系数最小.出口旋转比和风阻温升都随流量系数的减小而增大.      

90°多弯管阻力系数计算方法

为准确获得90°组合多弯管阻力系数,采用数值模拟方法对S弯管管内流动进行模拟,并通过分析归纳S弯管局部阻力的相邻影响机制及规律,提出了90°组合弯管阻力系数计算方法.研究结果表明:弯管阻力系数受2弯连接段长度影响的规律与文献试验结果一致,数值计算方法准确有效;当连接段长度大于4倍管径时,S弯管阻力系数呈线性增长;提出的90°组合弯管阻力系数计算方法考虑了多弯管间相邻影响,且采用提出的方法计算了3弯管和多弯管的阻力系数,并将结果与数值模拟结果进行了对比,二者之间的差距均在3％之内,适合工程应用.     

基于Gerber模型的DFR法与结构细节效应

在实际工程应用中,基于Goodman模型估算结构细节疲劳额定强度(DFR)的方法偏于保守,不够经济.本工作推导基于Gerber模型的DFR值D(应力比R=0.06)的计算公式,引入细节效应系数以考虑多细节对置信度系数和D估算结果的影响;与已有结果的比较发现:基于Gerber模型的D的估算方法能够较大程度地发挥材料的潜能,降低研发成本.利用构件细节额定值系数法,通过单个细节结构的D估算了含多个细节的结构的D.估算结果与试验结果的比较验证了基于Gerber模型的DFR法的准确性和适用性.     

三浮陀螺伺服测试误差系数估计方法

为了更好地解决工程实际中三浮陀螺极轴伺服测试时误差系数估计问题,采用了Kalman滤波和递推最小二乘的方法.试验结果证明,Kalman滤波方法能够有效地估计出极轴伺服测试时的陀螺误差系数.用统计检验的方法分析了该模型以及各系数的显著性,结果显示对Dvz和Dzz的估计是显著的.     

Estimation of ballistic coefficients of low altitude debris objects from historical two line elements

This paper presents a new method for estimating ballistic coefficients (BCs) of low perigee debris objects from their historical two line elements (TLEs). The method uses the drag perturbation equation of the semi-major axis of the orbit. For an object with perigee altitude below 700 km, the variation in the mean semi-major axis derived from the TLE is mainly caused by the atmospheric drag effect, and therefore is used as the source in the estimation of the ballistic coefficient. The method is tested using the GRACE satellites, and a number of debris objects with external ballistic coefficient values, and agreements of about 10% are achieved.     

基于正交设计的3-RPS并联机构精度分析与综合

为了分析3-RPS并联机构在整个工作空间内各个位姿参数对位姿误差的影响程度,并且使该机构在整个工作空间内都满足精度要求,利用正交设计的思想对该机构进行了精度分析与精度综合.根据正交设计的思想,把该机构的3个位姿参数看成对位姿误差有影响的3个因素,用位姿误差的极差值作为敏感系数,通过极差分析得到了位姿参数对位姿误差的影响程度.以敏感系数的比值为依据合理划分各个因素的水平数,使排列的正交表为精度综合提供更加合理的位姿,对表中的各个位姿进行精度综合,得到了给定精度要求下的21项几何原始误差的公差值.结果表明:用正交设计的思想可以分析清楚位姿参数对位姿误差的影响程度,精度综合结果使机构在整个工作空间内满足精度要求,为物理样机的研制提供了参考.      

具有广泛适用性的AOS虚拟信道调度算法

针对现有的基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法的不足,提出了一种新的高级在轨系统虚拟信道动态调度算法。该算法首先估算虚拟信道的紧迫度和数据帧的紧迫度,然后用加权系数将二者结合起来构造成一个全新的虚拟信道传送紧迫度函数,再根据该函数的值进行判决调度。对于高级在轨系统中不同速率、不同性质、不同类型的星上数据源,该算法均可通过选择合适的加权系数灵活地分配传输时隙,保证各用户合理、动态地占用物理信道,满足对数据的传输时延要求,因此具有广泛的适用性。理论分析和仿真结果表明,本文提出的算法比基于虚拟信道紧迫度的动态调度算法具有更好的性能     

The photometric study of light scattering from the surface of alumina powder and interpretations by Hapke formula

A laboratory experiment helps to understand the light scattering property of regolith like samples with known compositions and other physical parameters. The laboratory data so obtained can be compared with the existing in situ data on celestial objects like asteroids. Further, it may be analyzed with the help of various theoretical models to understand the light scattering processes from regolith more clearly. In this work we have performed laboratory based photometry of the light scattered from the surfaces of powdered alumina (Al₂O₃) at various tilt angles of the sample and at large phase angles, with the particles having diameter 0.3 μm. The wavelength of observation was 632.8 nm. These data have been fitted by a surface scattering model originally suggested by Hapke. Instead of using empirical Henyey–Greenstein phase function to fix the values of albedo and phase function to be used within Hapke formula, we have used Mie theory for the same. This approach helped us to determine the single particle properties such as particle diameter and complex refractive index from surface scattering phase curve alone. Mie theory depends only on the size parameter X(=2π(radius/wavelength)) and complex refractive index (n, k) of the material. Since the absorption coefficient (k) for alumina is known to be very low but not exactly zero, the best fit to the experimental data was obtained by least square technique with k as a free parameter, as the other parameters are known. Finally, we compare our results with other published results and discuss the scope of application of the method we adopted.