双系统MCV主控阀8工作边配磨和性能检测技术

在大量工艺试验的基础上,对余度伺服作动器中MCV主控阀制造的核心技术进行了系统研究,总结出了一套完整的配套加工、重叠量配磨和流量特性检测和修整的技术方案,首次在国内实现了该项技术,并且实现了工程化生产。     

基于资源共享的分布式机载软件测试系统设计

随着装备软件系统的发展,越来越多的硬件功能软件化,装备软件的发展朝着高综合、高集成、一体化的趋势发展。目前航空航天装备软件中,嵌入式软件占据主导地位,相较通用计算机软件,嵌入式软件的测试具有面向特定应用,有实时操作系统支持,运行芯片和平台较为固定,并且需要特定的数字总线资源进行数据注入等特点。尤其对于复杂的,高度综合化模块架构的嵌入式软件系统软件测试,对于测试和验证系统的要求也越来越高,数据采集、数据记录、数据激励、数据监控、数据分析等各种测试和验证系统的需求也使得综合化软件测试验证系统结构越来越复杂,基于分布式架构的软件测试系统已经成为必然趋势。结合嵌入式综合化软件测试系统的功能要求以及测试系统的特点,提出了一种基于对等架构下的分布式测试系统设计,该设计不仅能够满足嵌入式软件运行平台规模的扩展,也能够在分布式架构下实现软件运行平台内部资源的共享。     

评定复合材料的超声换能器的研制

由于复合材料结构的特殊性,对检测用的超声换能器提出了较高要求。论文系统分析了换能器的振动等效电路和振动方程,详细讨论了影响换能器性能的主要因素,成功研制出了符合使用要求的换能器。     

卡箍-管路系统固有特性计算与试验方法

以航空发动机中的卡箍-管路系统为研究对象,基于自主设计的卡箍刚度试验测试装置,对直径为8 mm的卡箍的线刚度和角刚度进行了试验测试。根据实测卡箍刚度,采用线性弹簧对其进行离散化等效处理,并基于自编有限元法建立了卡箍-管路系统的动力学模型。通过试验与仿真所获得的固有频率及频响函数的对比,从而验证了卡箍刚度测定及有限元模型的合理性,并进一步研究了拧紧力矩对卡箍-管路系统固有频率的影响。结果表明:拧紧力矩的增加会导致管路的固有频率增大,且针对所研究的卡箍,当拧紧力矩大于8 N·m时,管路固有频率逐渐趋于稳定。      

具有微小W型肋的结构化表面冲击冷却实验

将冲击冷却技术与肋化表面相结合,研究了一种具有微小W型肋的表面射流冲击冷却结构。通过稳态实验和瞬态热色液晶测试技术来探究光滑靶板和微小W型肋靶板的传热特性。测试时的冲击间距比为1.5,3和5,基于水利直径的雷诺数为15000~40000。结果表明:两种靶板的平均努塞尔数和压力损失均随雷诺数的增加而增加,随冲击间距比的增加而减小。当冲击间距比为1.5时,与光滑靶板相比,微小W型肋靶板的平均努塞尔数提高了5.1%~7.3%,压力损失却几乎不变。但当冲击间距比大于3时,由微小W型肋带来的强化传热效果并不显著。      

焊接接头典型缺陷的数字X射线尺寸测量技术

为了准确测量焊接接头典型缺陷的尺寸,提出了一种基于半波高法(HWH)的焊接接头缺陷数字射线尺寸测量技术。首先,分析了数字射线检测系统的调制传递函数(MTF),确定了检测系统的空间分辨率。其次,对焊接接头的典型缺陷进行模拟,通过半波高法测量其尺寸。结果表明:依据瑞利判据,运用双丝像质计测定该检测系统的空间分辨率为4.5 Lp/mm;运用该方法测量焊接接头缺陷尺寸,与实际尺寸基本相符,误差小于6.3%,该方法避免了人为因素的影响,精度可满足日常产品的检测需求。     

In-flight testing of the injection of the LISA Pathfinder test mass into a geodesic

LISA Pathfinder is a technology demonstrator space mission, aimed at testing key technologies for detecting gravitational waves in space. The mission is the precursor of LISA, the first space gravitational waves observatory, whose launch is scheduled for 2034. The LISA Pathfinder scientific payload includes two gravitational reference sensors (GRSs), each one containing a test mass (TM), which is the sensing body of the experiment. A mission critical task is to set each TM into a pure geodesic motion, i.e. guaranteeing an extremely low acceleration noise in the sub-Hertz frequency bandwidth. The grabbing positioning and release mechanism (GPRM), responsible for the injection of the TM into a geodesic trajectory, was widely tested on ground, with the limitations imposed by the 1-g environment. The experiments showed that the mechanism, working in its nominal conditions, is capable of releasing the TM into free-fall fulfilling the very strict constraint imposed on the TM residual velocity, in order to allow its capture on behalf of the electrostatic actuation.However, the first in-flight releases produced unexpected residual velocity components, for both the TMs. Moreover, all the residual velocity components were greater than maximum value set by the requirements. The main suspect is that unexpected contacts took place between the TM and the surroundings bodies. As a consequence, ad hoc manual release procedures had to be adopted for the few following injections performed during the nominal mission. These procedures still resulted in non compliant TM states which were captured only after impacts. However, such procedures seem not practicable for LISA, both for the limited repeatability of the system and for the unmanageable time lag of the telemetry/telecommand signals (about 4400 s). For this reason, at the end of the mission, the GPRM was deeply tested in-flight, performing a large number of releases, according to different strategies. The tests were carried out in order to understand the unexpected dynamics and limit its effects on the final injection. Some risk mitigation maneuvers have been tested aimed at minimizing the vibration of the system at the release and improving the alignment between the mechanism and the TM. However, no overall optimal release strategy to be implemented in LISA could be found, because the two GPRMs behaved differently.     

基于磁记忆技术对含缺陷焊缝的疲劳试验

对含有不同隐形损伤的40Cr焊板进行射线检测、疲劳试验和正交磁记忆信号测量，探索试件在疲劳应力作用下磁记忆信号的变化特征。试验结果表明：单一测量方式下的磁特征值不能表征焊板在疲劳循环载荷下的变化特征，所得结论存在偶然性；研究发现，可用磁场矢量梯度积分特征和磁场矢量合成梯度特征来评价焊板的疲劳损伤过程，并建立了以磁场矢量梯度特征为损伤参量的疲劳损伤模型，从而可以对含有隐形损伤焊接构件的疲劳寿命进行定量评估，为金属磁记忆技术在焊接缺陷定量评价上的进一步研究提供参考依据。     

Successes and challenges in non-destructive testing of aircraft composite structures

Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace industry. To fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications, reliable Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) methods are required to prevent catastrophic failures. This paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace composites. The focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.     

纤维/树脂浸润测试仪的研制与应用

针对复合材料成型工艺的特点,依据毛细原理,研制了浸润性能测试仪.该测试仪包括浸润质量测试系统与温度控制系统,能够定量测试在较宽的温度范围内发生浸润的速率和浸润程度.对该测试仪的准确性与稳定性进行了校准与标定,并运用该仪器研究了纤维种类、树脂粘度和纤维体积含量对树脂/纤维浸润性能的影响规律.研究结果表明该设备为研究各类复合材料中增强材料与基体间的浸润性能提供了方便的测试手段,对指导复合材料制备工艺具有较高的参考价值.