航空重油发动机燃油供给系统动力学模型分析

针对航空重油发动机燃油供给系统,建立了包括一维管路流动模型、液力模型、机械模型以及电磁模型在内的完整系统数学模型.该系统模型仿真了在系统机械部件高速运动作用下,燃油供给系统内以波的扰动形式传播的非定常流动,计算得到了系统内的压力波动特性,并最终预测了系统喷油规律.经试验验证,仿真结果与试验数据吻合,该模型具有较好的准确性和较好的应用前景.      

两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器起浮压力计算

通过分析两轮升压式空气动压轴承涡轮冷却器的起浮原理,建立了计算起浮压力的方法.按照该方法编制程序计算了某型涡轮冷却器在不同条件下的起浮压力,计算结果与试验实测数据吻合较好,说明计算方法具有较高准确度.通过计算和分析可以看到涡轮出口背压和轴承预紧对轴承起浮影响较大,背压越低则起浮压力越低;轴承预紧力越大则起浮压力越高.      

含滚动轴承的同向和反向旋转双转子系统动力学响应

以双转子航空发动机为研究对象,建立了航空发动机双转子-滚动轴承-机匣耦合动力学模型.模型中考虑了低压转子与高压转子的中介轴承耦合作用,滚动轴承模型中考虑了滚动轴承间隙、非线性赫兹接触力以及变柔性VC(varying compliance)振动等因素.利用仿真模型,进行了同向和反向旋转双转子系统的拍振响应分析,结果表明当高低压转子的转速差较小时,双转子系统的拍振响应明显.同时研究了同转和反转双转子系统轴心轨迹响应的差异,研究表明反向旋转双转子系统的轴心轨迹会形成“花瓣”状.最后,利用双转子试验器验证了仿真结果的正确性,进一步验证本文所建模型的正确性.      

轴连轴承温度场的有限元分析

根据轴连轴承组件的结构及特点,建立了有限元模型,实现了对轴连轴承温度场的有限元分析.首先采用拟静力学方法分析出轴承工作时钢球的自转速度,然后计算出轴承在不同的内圈转速、轴向载荷和径向载荷下的功率损失,最后使用ANSYS软件计算出轴承的温度分布.通过算例分析了不同工况对轴连轴承工作温度分布的影响,并进行了试验验证,结果表明:轴向载荷和内圈转速对轴承温度分布影响较大,而径向载荷的变化对轴承温升影响不显著.      

带有支承不同心转子系统的动力响应

通过对转子结构和动力学特性的分析,利用Lagrange能量法建立了适应航空发动机柔性转子系统在不同心和不平衡激励作用下的动力学模型,揭示了转子振动响应中非线性振动特征的产生机理和影响因素.数值仿真结果表明:由于支承不同心量和不平衡力的共同作用,转子及其连接结构会发生复杂的非线性动力学变化,使转子系统振动响应呈现出非线性特征,包含1倍和2倍频分量,响应的幅值和频谱特征与不同心量和不平衡量的分布密切相关.      

Image Smearing Modeling and Verification for Strapdown Star Sensor

To further extend study on celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor from static into dynamic field, one prerequisite is to generate precise dynamic simulating star maps. First a neat analytical solution of the smearing trajectory caused by spacecraft attitude maneuver is deduced successfully, whose parameters cover the geometric size of optics, three-axis angular velocities and CCD integral time. Then for the first time the mathematical law and method are discovered about how to synthesize the two formulae of smearing trajectory and the static Gaussian distribution function (GDF) model, the key of which is a line integral with regard to the static GDF attenuated by a factor 1/ L s (L s is the arc length of the smearing trajectory) along the smearing trajectory. The dynamic smearing model is then obtained, also in an analytical form. After that, three sets of typical simulating maps and data are simulated from this dynamic model manifesting the expected smearing effects, also compatible with the linear model as its special case of no boresight rotation. Finally, model validity tests on a rate turntable are carried out, which results in a mean correlation coefficient 0.920 0 between the camera images and the corresponding model simulated ones with the same parameters. The sufficient similarity verifies the validity of the dynamic smearing model. This model, after parameter calibration, can serve as a front-end loop of the ground semi-physical simulation system for celestial attitude determination with strapdown star sensor.     

Analysis and Testing of Microvibrations Produced by Momentum Wheel Assemblies

The microvibrations produced by momentum wheel assemblies(MWA) can degrade the performance of instruments with high pointing precision and stability on spacecraft.This paper concentrates on analyzing and testing the microvibrations produced by MWA.We analyze the disturbance sources produced by mass imbalance,structural mode,bearing irregularity and nonlinear stiffness,and random noise;then,test a well-balanced MWA by a highly sensitive measurement system consisting of a Kistler table and an optical tabletop.The results show that the test system has a resolution of less than 0.003 N in the frequency range of 3-300 Hz.The dynamic imbalance of the MWA cannot excite the radial rocking mode,but there are dynamic amplifications when the poly-harmonic disturbances intersect with the structural modes.Especially at high rotational speed(>3 000 rev/min),the main disturbance sources of the MWA come from the bearing irregularity interacting with radial translation mode in the high frequency range.Thus,bearing noise deserves more attention for the well-balanced MWA,and alternative of high quality bearings are proposed to reduce the microvibrations.     

TC4-DT钛合金高温热变形行为研究

利用Gleeble-3500型热模拟实验机,研究了TC4-DT损伤容限型钛合金在温度850℃～1000℃、应变速率0.01～10s-1、变形程度为40%～70%条件下的热变形行为,分析了该合金的流变应力行为及微观组织演变规律,并建立了本构关系模型。研究结果表明,TC4-DT合金在950℃以下的较低温度变形时应力软化现象非常明显,变形机制和热变形激活能不同于950℃以上的较高温度变形机制;在950℃以上高温度变形时,低应变速率(如ε=0.01s-1)促进了动态再结晶行为的发生,而在较高的应变速率(如ε=10s-1)时,一般只发生动态回复现象,动态再结晶行为受抑制。     

航天用复合材料结构高温极限承载能力试验方法

针对航天飞行器飞行特点,本文给出两种基于破坏时间的承载能力试验方法,可以获得结构在不同飞行温度和时间下的承载能力。能够充分发挥材料在传热过程中的高温承载能力,降低结构防热质量。     

PTFE/30CrMnSiNi2A 的重载摩擦性能

采用PTFE与30CrMnSiNi2A钢制成自润滑轴承,在重载工况下进行了数值模拟及试验分析,研究了自润滑轴承的主要失效形式、摩擦面状态及性能对摩擦性能的影响,并分析了轴承的磨损机理.结果表明:该轴承在重载下以润滑层失效为主要破坏形式,改善摩擦面能够有效提高轴承的摩擦性能;在摩擦过程中PTFE不断被挤出,形成转移润滑膜,起到了减小摩擦因数的作用.