二元收扩喷管气动方案优化设计

为掌握二元收扩喷管气动特性和设计方法,通过数值模拟方法对采用超椭圆方程进行圆转方过渡的小宽高比二元收扩喷管进行研究。计算分析了喉道宽高比、圆转方段长度、收敛调节片长度及扩张调节片长度4个参数对二元收扩喷管气动性能的影响,通过对上述4个参数的优化得出了综合性能较优的二元收扩喷管气动方案。研究结果表明:经过适当优化,二元收扩喷管能够满足工程应用要求,同时,鉴于其在隐身和矢量推进等方面的优势,有必要对其开展更加深入地研究。     

某型涡轴发动机研制过程中尾喷管漏油机理分析

某型涡轴发动机在研制过程中屡次出现尾喷管漏油故障。在滑油系统原理分析的基础上,建立滑油泄漏故障树,对泄漏原因逐层剖析,并结合分解检查、零件计量等手段对发动机各相关部件和滑油泵进行详细分析,确定故障原因。针对影响因素,提出相应的整改措施。     

不同锯齿对圆转矩形喷管红外辐射特征影响数值模拟

在考虑中心锥、波瓣混合器、火焰稳定器以及加力燃烧室筒体影响的条件下,将轴对称收扩喷管改型设计为圆转矩形基准喷管,进一步在喷管出口进行修型设计.并对不同锯齿喷管流动、换热与红外辐射特征进行了数值分析.得到如下结论:考虑高温部件后,喷管红外辐射强度的方向性特征更加明显;相比圆转矩形基准喷管,采用多个小尺寸锯齿时,射流高温区长度有一定缩短,采用单个大尺寸锯齿时,高温区长度进一步缩短,其正后方红外辐射强度降低;将轴对称收扩喷管改为圆转矩形喷管并加装锯齿后,强化尾喷流与外流掺混,降低其红外辐射强度的同时带来了一定的推力损失.     

Numerical study of a trapezoidal bypass dual throat nozzle

Bypass Dual Throat Nozzle (BDTN) is a novel type of fluidic thrust vectoring nozzle. To improve the infrared stealth performance of BDTN, a nozzle based on BDTN is proposed and numerically simulated. Each cross-section along the x-axis of the novel nozzle becomes a trapezoid, which is named “BDTN-TRA.” The main numerical simulation results show that BDTN-TRA can produce a thrust vectoring angle when the upper or lower bypass valve is open. The angle difference between the two conditions mentioned above is usually approximately 1°–2°. Even if the two bypasses are closed, BDTN-TRA can produce a small thrust vectoring angle at around 3°–5°. When the sidewall angle increases from 60° to 90°, the thrust coefficient and thrust vectoring angle under each work condition usually decrease. A larger aspect ratio indicates better performance. As the aspect ratio increases over 7.2, the performance of BDTN-TRA is quite close to that of BDTN with rectangular cross-sections at the same aspect ratio. These features will benefit the control and trimming for future aircraft design, especially for the flying wing layout aircraft. Last but not least, BDTN-TRA has a more extraordinary mixing performance compared with BDTN. The distributions of static temperature and axial velocity along the x-axis of BDTN-TRA with sidewall angle of 60° decrease faster than those of BDTN. When the total temperature of the inlet equals 1600 K, the static temperature difference between BDTN-TRA with sidewall angles of 60° and 90° is over 360 K at twice the length of the nozzle downstream of the nozzle exit, which is the reflection for excellent infrared stealth for the fighter.     

基于单缝射流的二元推力矢量喷管设计及数值模拟

喷管是发动机产生推力的主要部件,其气动性能对发动机的性能具有决定性的影响。本文利用简化特征线法设计二元收敛-扩张（2DCD）推力矢量喷管模型;采用RNGk-ε湍流模型和非平衡壁面函数对单缝二次流喷射后的喷管流场进行数值模拟,分析了射流位置、主流落压比（NPR）、二次流与主流总压比（SPR）等参数对矢量喷管气动性能的影响...     

离心式喷嘴内部流动的LES/VOF 数值模拟

针对最大流量原理法在进行小流量、大粘性离心式雾化喷嘴设计中存在的不足,文章采用大涡模拟与流体体积法相结合的方法对离心式喷嘴内部流动过程进行了非定常三维数值模拟,得到了喷嘴整个工作过程的内部流场结构,并与单相流场进行了对比,分析了单相流场与两相流场结构存在的差异,以及存在差异的原因;同时对喷嘴内稳定雾化过程、压力场分布、速度场分布进行了分析,较好地反映了离心式喷嘴的内部流场特性。研究结果表明,喷雾过程具有非定常性、喷嘴低压及中空区与两相分布相关、分析推断适当增加喷口段长度能够减小出口液膜厚度等,为离心式喷嘴的设计与改进提供了一些有用的积累。     

基于遗传算法优化小波网络的柔性喷管力矩特性辨识方法

为准确辨识负载力矩并提高主动加载负载模拟的真实度，使用了一种基于遗传算法优化的神经网络辨识方法。使用小波分析方法对测试信号进行预处理，将消噪与分解后得到的信息作为神经网络训练的扩充样本，提高了辨识精度。使用遗传算法选择最优输入信息、网络结构和隐含层规模，加快网络收敛速度并简化计算过程，实现对柔性喷管力矩的快速准确辨识。仿真结果表明该辨识方法可以准确地描述柔性喷管在典型测试信号激励下的力矩特性，平均辨识误差为2%，对于实现精确主动加载控制和验证伺服控制性能具有重要意义。     

一种基于双重空间网格结合的高效DSMC实现方法

基于双重空间网格结合策略，发展了一种高效率的贴体DSMC（direct simulation Monte Carlo）方法。通过将仿真分子在物理空间结构网格的位置坐标映射于计算空间的直角网格中，并在计算空间中完成分子所属网格单元的定位以及分子与边界是否发生作用的判断，从而结合结构网格的贴体性和直角网格的高效率计算的优点，提高DSMC方法的贴体性和计算效率。基于双重空间网格结合策略，通过直接映射和间接映射法分别建立DSMC程序，对微尺度收缩扩张喷管气体流动和超声速圆柱绕流进行模拟。数值结果表明：两种方法均很好地模拟出微喷管因尺度缩小导致的黏性效应和速度滑移现象以及超声速圆柱绕流发生的激波现象，具备有效性。与传统结构网格方法对比，两种方法的计算效率平均分别提高了3.85倍和2.85倍，具备高效性。     

Optimization for aerodynamic performance of double serpentine nozzles with spanwise offsets using Taguchi-based CFD analysis

Serpentine nozzles are widely used in combat aircraft to realize strong stealth characteristics. Based on the layout characteristics within a confined space, a series of double serpentine nozzles with spanwise offsets are established. Using computational fluid dynamics and Taguchi method, the influence mechanisms of the Distribution of Area (DA), Distributions of Centerline for the first and second ‘S’ sections in the Vertical direction (DCV1 and DCV2), and Distribution of Centerline in the Spanwise direction (DCS) are analyzed. The impact of these factors on the total pressure recovery coefficient can be ranked as DA > DCV2 > DCS > DCV1, whereas their impacts on the discharge coefficient and axial thrust coefficient can be ranked as DCV2 > DCS > DA > DCV1. Considering the statistical significance of these factors, a nozzle in which DA changes rapidly at the exit and DCV1, DCV2, and DCS change rapidly at the entrance gives the best aerodynamic performance. Compared to the worst configuration, the total pressure recovery coefficient, discharge coefficient, and axial thrust coefficient are improved by 1.6%,3.5% and 3.6%, respectively. DA influences the gas flow acceleration in the entire serpentine channel, resulting in different wall shear stress and friction losses. The various centerline distributions influence the gas flow acceleration effects and form complex wave structures in the constant-area extension section, resulting in different local and friction losses.