不同粒型优质稻花后干物质流转特性研究

选取2个具有代表性的不同穗粒优质籼型水稻品种八桂香(大粒型)和桂华占(小粒型),通过早、晚稻品种比较试验,研究了优质稻花后叶、茎鞘内干物质流转动态特性及籽粒实时生长状况.结果表明:优质稻花后茎、叶干质量逐渐减少,供籽粒灌浆的绿叶流转量早稻大于晚稻,茎鞘流转量晚稻大于早稻;地上总干质量呈上升趋势,增长关键期为3～12 d;早稻干物质积累和启动时期要早于晚稻,晚稻茎鞘物质储存多,转运率高,后期光合功能丧失较快,积累干物质少;不同穗粒型优质稻籽粒干物质灌浆积累和动态存在较大差异,小粒型灌浆启动时间早于大粒型,延迟时间晚于大粒型,大粒型最大灌浆速率大于小粒型.     

基于幅频特性曲线簇公共点的智能弹簧减振系统参数设计

研究了无阻尼智能弹簧减振系统的一种参数设计方法.采用等效线性化方法将系统中的干摩擦阻尼等效成黏性阻尼,建立系统的数学模型,推导出无量纲化的振动微分方程,得到系统频响特性的解析解.对系统幅频特性进行了数值分析,结果发现:幅频特性曲线簇通过一个公共点,该公共点随质量比的增大向左偏移,随刚度比的增大向右偏移;系统存在一个最优控制参数值,使系统幅频特性曲线峰值最小,其随质量比的增大而减小,但不受刚度比的影响.根据公共点的性质,得到幅频特性曲线簇公共点对应的频率比、最优控制参数和最小振幅的计算公式.确定系统参数的选用原则与范围,并利用公共点提出智能弹簧减振系统参数设计的方法和步骤.      

带缘板摩擦阻尼片高压涡轮叶片的减振研究

利用干摩擦阻尼对构件进行减振是1种简单又有效的方法,广泛应用于航空发动机叶片上,可以有效限制叶片的振动应力水平。针对带缘板阻尼片的高压涡轮叶片,基于滞后弹簧模型,以1次谐波平衡法与动柔度法结合为基本算法,提出了1种由气动力计算激振力的方法,并对其影响参数进行研究。对该叶片进行了稳态应力响应的计算,得到使叶片振动应力最小的最优正压力,并对阻尼片质量进行了优化分析。结果表明:现有的阻尼片质量在比较合理的范围内,可以起到较好的减振效果,为提高减振效果可适当增加阻尼片质量。     

Search for organic molecules at the Mars surface: The “Martian Organic Material Irradiation and Evolution” (MOMIE) project

The life on Mars remains an open question because of the lack of proof of its past emergence and its current presence. The only indices of a potential Martian life were provided by the Viking Landers, and the study of the Martian meteorite ALH84001 discovered in the Antarctic. In the two case, the results of experiments could be explained either by the presence of life forms or by abiotic processes. The recent data of Mars Express orbiter and Mars Exploration Rovers show different proofs of a past environment favourable for life. Among the targets we seek, the organic molecules are primordial because they are necessary to the origin of life. A key question is to know if they are present, in which concentration and under which form. Within the framework of a search for organic, we are developing an experimental setup simulating as close as possible the environmental conditions of Mars surface in order to determine how organic species evolve. We present here the first step of the development of this experiment which focuses on the study of the impact of the solar UV radiations reaching the Mars surface on glycine. First results show that glycine does not resist if directly exposed to UV radiations.     

可拓学理论在导弹武器系统能力分析中的应用

利用可拓学中物元的可拓性、分合链与蕴含系方法。通过建立导弹武器系统能力的物元模型,对系统的能力进行了分析,实现了分析过程的符号化与形式化,使系统能力的分析层次更清晰。将可拓学的理论和方法与导弹武器系统能力的数学计算模型相结合,为武器系统的论证、研制、使用提供了一种有效的途径。     

带摩擦阻尼装置系统振动响应分析方法研究

引入整体-局部一体化滑动模型,提出了带摩擦阻尼装置平板叶片的振动响应分析方法,通过与实验结果对比,验证了分析方法的有效性;定义了无量纲正压力,通过不同无量纲正压力下平板叶片的振动响应分析,获得了振动响应与无量纲正压力的关系曲线。计算结果表明:在局部滑动阶段摩擦阻尼对系统振动的抑制仍然有明显的效果,因此在摩擦阻尼减振分析中,引入局部滑动模型具有重要意义,并可通过无量纲正压力对阻尼器的参数进行优化,使系统在共振时的响应达到最小。      

带阻尼套筒的某型发动机低压涡轮部件的动力特性分析

以某型发动机低压涡轮部件中带有阻尼套筒的后轴颈结构为例,运用有关理论对其固有特性和动力响应特性进行了全面的分析.对不同的激励形式(单点激励、旋转激励),阻尼套筒通过"移频"和干摩擦作用,均显示了良好的减振性能.在后轴颈和阻尼套筒的组合结构中,阻尼套筒的名义半径有最优值,此时干摩擦对结构振动的衰减效果最好;同时,对组合结构不同节径型的周波振动,阻尼套筒对振动的抑制效果也不同.通过该实例,对后轴颈的工程设计提出了合理的改进建议.      

Non-BBN Constraints on the Key Cosmological Parameters

Since the baryon-to-photon ratio 10 is in some doubt at present, we ignore the constraints on 10 from big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) and fit the three key cosmological parameters (h, M, 10) to four other observational constraints: Hubble parameter (ho), age of the universe (to), cluster gas (baryon) fraction (fo fGh3/2), and effective shape parameter (o). We consider open and flat CDM models and flat CDM models, testing goodness of fit and drawing confidence regions by the 2 method. CDM models with M = 1 (SCDM models) are accepted only because we allow a large error on ho, permitting h < 0.5. Open CDM models are accepted only for _M 0.4. CDM models give similar results. In all of these models, large 10 ( 6) is favored strongly over small 10 ( 2), supporting reports of low deuterium abundances on some QSO lines of sight, and suggesting that observational determinations of primordial 4He may be contaminated by systematic errors. Only if we drop the crucial o constraint are much lower values of M and 10 permitted.     

金属橡胶三次非线性干摩擦系统振动响应计算方法研究

运用谐波平衡法(HB)及Fourier级数展开和谐波平衡法相结合的方法(FHB)对金属橡胶三次非线性干摩擦系统的振动响应进行了研究,发现当三次非线性因素较大时,HB法和FHB法结果相近,两种算法都可采用,而当三次非线性因素较小时,HB法和FHB法的结果差别较大,而FHB法在理论上更精确,因此应采用FHB法。对金属橡胶减振器做动态响应实验,发现减振器的固有频率和传递率幅值都表现出非线性特性。     

Nondestructive acquisition of the micro-mechanical properties of high-speed-dry milled micro-thin walled structures based on surface traits

Requirements for the service performance of aeronautic microelectronic components are increasingly strict. However, sever issues, that the acquisition of the service performance such as micro-mechanical properties is destructive, limit the subsequent application of the tested components. Addressing this issue, this paper proposes a nondestructive acquisition method of the micro-mechanical properties of the accelerometer micro-components, based on analyzing surface traits. To select qualified components without damage, we firstly developed a quasi-static micro-tensile tester and then established a combination prediction model of mechanical properties based on micro-milled surface traits. The model works due to the thin-walled structure, which makes the machined surface traits have significant influences on the mechanical properties such as Young’s modulus, yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Surface roughness, surface structure, and surface anisotropy are extracted to comprehensively present surface traits from different aspects. For improving the practicability of the model, the principal component analysis (PCA) is adopted to reduce high-dimensional traits explanatory variable space into two dimensions, and regression analysis models are comparative established in predicting the mechanical properties. Residuals analysis and error analysis are carried out to show the prediction accuracy. The maximum prediction error is about 10.62%, but the significance levels in the t-test of the predicted Young’s modulus and yield strength are not ideal. Therefore, kernel support vector regression (SVR) is imported to improve the prediction ability of the combination prediction model. The residuals analysis result shows that SVR is effective in enhancing the prediction ability of this model.