Antideuterons as an indirect dark matter signature: Si(Li) detector development and a GAPS balloon mission

The General AntiParticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is a novel approach for indirect dark matter searches that exploits cosmic antideuterons. GAPS complements existing and planned direct dark matter searches as well as other indirect techniques, probing a different and unique region of parameter space in a variety of proposed dark matter models. The GAPS method involves capturing antiparticles into a target material with the subsequent formation of an excited exotic atom. The exotic atom decays with the emission of atomic X-rays and pions from the nuclear annihilation, which uniquely identifies the captured antiparticle. This technique has been verified through the accelerator testing at KEK in 2004 and 2005. The prototype flight is scheduled from Hokkaido, Japan in 2011, preparatory for a long duration balloon flight from the Antarctic in 2014.     

谈若干特殊结构的汉译

翻译是英语教学中的一个重要方面，是英语水平评价的一个重要标准。如何提高翻译水平是一个重要课题。英语中一些由小词开头的特殊结构，如for that matter，if ever，if at all…等，用法特殊，词义不易捉摸，汉语中也难找到相应的结构来表达的。在此文中用等值原则和灵活性原则探讨了这些特殊结构的含义及其用法。     

Cosmology and GUTs: The matter of the universe

To illustrate the interaction of Grand Unified Theories (GUTs), supersymmetry (SUSY), and cosmology, a worked example is carried out. This example is the dark matter problem, or “What is the dominant matter of the Universe?” It is shown that if GUTs are assumed then the primordial perturbations are probably adiabatic, if inflation is assumed then Ω = 1 and GUTs first name is probably SUSY. If Ω = 1, big bang nucleosynthesis tells us that the bulk of the matter is non-baryonic. SUSY-GUTs gives us some possible candidate inos to which massive neutrinos, axion or planetary mass black holes can be added. These candidates can be classified hot (or warm) or cold types of dark matter. It is shown that hot gives Ω = 1 and naturally gives large scale structure but does not give small scale structure or galaxy formation times, whereas cold gives small scale structure and formation times but cannot easily yield Ω = 1. It is concluded that either a hybrid of both hot and cold or non-random phases for the perturbations may be needed.     

1986年2月4日AR4711拱形双带黑子暗条系激活的分析

根据1986-02-04AR47ll由观测所确定的物理参数和特征值,采用电动力学方法数值计算该活动区中两个拱形黑子暗条在大耀斑爆发前的动力学演化过程.结果表明:(1)以旋涡黑子为标志的光球物质旋转运动和以暗条下方磁力线强剪切为特征的剪切运动引起暗条电流增加和背景磁场变化,电流和磁场的相互作用导致暗条向上运动,大耀斑爆发前暗条的上升速度达26km／S;(2)背景场位形对暗条整体动力学行为有很大影响,AR47ll在7×104km高度范围内场强随高度似乎按指数规律衰减.      

干活塞气体流量校准装置数值模拟

为研究干活塞气体流量校准装置内气体泄漏问题,利用FLUENT软件对干活塞气体流量校准装置的运行情况进行数值模拟,包括Ф15 mm、Ф30 mm和Ф50 mm三种模型,对各工况下活塞与缸体之间气体泄漏量进行估算。研究表明,合理控制活塞与缸体之间的间隙（〈10μm）,可保证该类气体校准装置具有良好的计量性能。     

Soybean cultivar selection for Bioregenerative Life Support Systems (BLSSs) – Hydroponic cultivation

Four soybean cultivars (‘Atlantic’, ‘Cresir’, ‘Pr91m10’ and ‘Regir’), selected through a theoretical procedure as suitable for cultivation in BLSS, were evaluated in terms of growth and production. Germination percentage and Mean Germination Time (MGT) were measured. Plants were cultivated in a growth chamber equipped with a recirculating hydroponic system (Nutrient Film Technique). Cultivation was performed under controlled environmental conditions (12 h photoperiod, light intensity 350 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹, temperature regime 26/20 °C light/dark, relative humidity 65–75%). Fertigation was performed with a standard Hoagland solution, modified for soybean specific requirements, and EC and pH were kept at 2.0 dS m⁻¹ and 5.5 respectively.     

超流体物质波干涉陀螺仪的噪声研究

 陀螺仪的精度与其噪声密切相关,为开发新型高精度的超流体物质波干涉陀螺仪,必须对其噪声进行系统研究。根据超流体陀螺噪声产生的机理,分析了该陀螺噪声的来源,并把超流体陀螺的噪声类型归纳为:热、锁定值波动、温度波动、频率波动和检测元件等。在建立了各噪声数学模型的基础上,利用超流体陀螺通用的参数,对其噪声进行了分析。分析结果表明:热噪声与陀螺的结构参数和工作参数相关,与被测角速度无关;锁定值波动噪声只与结构参数相关;其他噪声与结构参数、工作参数和被测角速度都相关;检测元件、频率波动和锁定值波动噪声是构成超流体陀螺输出噪声的主要因素;在角速度变化量的范围内,超流体陀螺的输出噪声非线性变化,在1 Hz的带宽下,其变化范围为-7到-6次方的数量级。     

用传递矩阵法分析缘板干摩擦阻尼叶片的减振

针对在叶片缘板部位设置干摩擦阻尼块后的叶片减振效果问题,进行理论模型简化后,利用传递矩阵法进行分析计算。为了验证传递矩阵法的计算结果,利用ANSYS有限元程序对缘板干摩擦阻尼叶片减振进行计算。两种计算方法所得结果基本一致,说明适合于链状结构系统的传递矩阵法可以成功应于板状结构系统,且算法与结果均正确。      

缘板摩擦阻尼器的减振实验研究

对叶轮机叶片缘板金属摩擦阻尼器进行了实验研究。着重研究了摩擦阻尼器对叶片的一阶弯曲振型的影响。研究表明,利用金属摩擦阻尼器可以有效地降低叶片的振动;通过合理选择阻尼器的质量(即正压力),可以最大限度地降低叶片的弯曲振动应力,即存在一最优正压力;并且随着激振力的增加,这一最优正压力也将随之增加。因此,它是叶轮机械中一种非常简单有效的减振措施。      

Pre-Main Sequence Stars Seen by ISO

Observations of pre-main sequence objects (T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be and FU Orionis stars) obtained with the instrumentation on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) are reviewed. All the observations have been mainly carried out by using the two spectrographs SWS and LWS, adopting their low resolution modes and such data have been used both for lines detection and to reconstruct the spectral energy distributions. Line emission and photometric behaviour of pre-main sequence objects have been analyzed in the framework of the current models, discussing the agreement (or disagreement) with them and trying to derive the questions which should be answered by the forthcoming FIR instrumentation. Based on observations with ISO, an ESA project with instruments funded by ESA Member States (especially the PI countries: France, Germany, The Netherlands, and the United Kingdom), and with the participation of ISAS and NASA.