精确复现机翼摇滚运动的控制技术

为快速、精确地复现自由摇滚实验得到的机翼摇滚运动，在控制伺服电机的传统PID参数基础上增加了基准速度修正系数Kv，并将其视作PID参数的一部分，在此基础之上给出了一种PID参数的快速估计方法。利用该方法可以快速得到不同试验状态下控制伺服电机复现机翼摇滚运动的PID参数，提高了调试反馈控制量的效率。同时，发现在进行PID参数调节之前对速度时序曲线进行光滑化预处理，能为进一步进行PID调节打下坚实基础，提高电机驱动模型复现机翼摇滚运动的精度。最后，通过风洞试验对给出的方法进行了实验验证。     

异步电动机的无速度传感器直接转矩控制系统研究

推导了直接转矩控制 ( DTC)速度观测器的数学模型,研制了无速度传感器的 DTC系统,对该系统稳态和瞬态试验,在 1 0 0 r/min以上速度精度达 0.5%,电磁转矩从 0上升到额定转矩只需 0.86ms,它的高性能和高可靠性使它能在飞机上得到广泛应用。     

多电飞机容错作动系统拓扑结构分析

针对多电飞机电力作动系统,提出永磁容错电机及其容错驱动控制的拓扑结构,探讨系统的电气故障模式,研究防止故障传播的电、磁、热隔离设计,在理论上给出了容错电机相数的选取方法,采用独立的同轴电机组件实现高冗余系统。研究结果表明:电机、功率变换器和供电通道均采用以相为基本单位的模块化拓扑结构可实现多电飞机对作动系统的高容错要求。     

Design of Electrical/Mechanical Hybrid 4-Redundancy Brushless DC Torque Motor

This article presents a novel electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy brushless DC torque motor (BLDCM), which has found applications in direct drive actuators (DDA) of aerial vehicles. This motor is characteristic of electrical/mechanical hybrid 4-redundancy by securing two stators along with two rotors on the same shaft. Each stator contains two sets of windings embedded in separated slots. Furthermore, compared to the scheme of two electrical dual-redundancy BLDCMs linked by a mechanical transmission, the proposed motor has lower volume and lighter weight, eliminates the nonlinearity caused by the gap of the mechanical transmission, moderates the requirement for the torque balance between redundancies and reduces the cogging torque by shifting the magnets. Both magnetic circuit calculation and the finite element analysis (FEA) of the electromagnetic field are conducted to optimize the design process. A prototype motor has been produced and tested. The results indicate that its performances comply with the requirements presented by designers. Moreover, the position frequency response of the prototype in the DDA's unloaded situation has also demonstrated the fulfillment of desired dynamic characteristics.     

基于DSP的无刷直流电动机控制系统设计

介绍了无刷直流电动机的控制原理,给出了系统设计的整体方案,并详述了硬件电路和软件程序设计。系统的测试结果表明,基于DSP的无刷直流电动机控制系统,可以实现对电动机的全数字化双闭环控制。     

航空变频电源下笼型感应电机矩形转子槽结构优化分析

当前大功率的航空发电机开始采用360~800Hz的变频输出方式,在航空变频电源的直接供电下,感应电机的性能受到频率变化最大的影响是在高频时起动转矩太低。针对笼型感应电机,采用解析计算的方法对矩形转子槽尺寸进行优化,在不改变稳态性能的条件下获得最大起动转矩。深槽尺寸的变化将影响集肤效应系数和槽漏感2个方面,二者对起动转矩的作用相反。通过综合2个方面的因素,建立起包含槽型尺寸和频率的动态转子参数模型,并采用该动态转子参数对传统的转矩公式进行调整,进而获得关于转子槽尺寸的起动力矩解析式,同时基于该解析式实现对起动力矩的优化。采用该解析方法对7.5kW感应电机进行深槽转子优化,并对航空变频电源驱动时的起动特性进行了仿真和样机实验,验证了该方法在矩形转子槽优化设计中的有效性。     

A novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor

Ultrasonic motors have the merits of high ratio of torque to volume, high positioning precision, intrinsic holding torque, etc., compared to the conventional electromagnetic motors. There have been several potential applications for this type of motor in aerospace exploration, but bearings and bonding mechanism of the piezoelectric ring in the motors limit the performance of them in the space operation conditions. It is known that the Langevin type transducer has excel- lent energy efficiency and reliability. Hence using the Langevin type transducer in ultrasonic motors may improve the reliability of piezoelectric motors for space applications. In this study, a novel in-plane mode rotary ultrasonic motor is designed, fabricated, and characterized. The proposed motor operates in in-plane vibration mode which is excited by four Langevin-type bending vibra- tors separately placed around a ring-shaped stator. Two tapered rotors are assembled to the inner ring of the stator and clamped together by a screw nut. In order to make the motor more stable and convenient to fix, a thin cylindrical support is placed under the stator ring. Due to its no-bearing structure and Langevin transducer excitation, the prototype ultrasonic motor may operate well in aeronautic and astronautic environments.     

固体火箭发动机气动喉部非定常过程

利用流体计算软件FLUENT,通过UDF编程对气动喉部调节固体火箭发动机推力的典型工作过程进行了数值模拟。对推力调节过程中的瞬态轴对称燃烧室流场进行了分析,得到了压强-时间曲线。分析了发动机空腔容积、二次流喷射角度对推力响应特性的影响,并得到了典型的推力-二次流总压调节特性曲线。其研究结果可为利用气动喉部技术的变推力发动机设计提供一定依据。     

聚集状态下燃烧室凝相粒子粒度特性实验

设计了具有收敛段的粒子发生装置,采用密闭收集水罐,针对HTPB推进剂开展实验,有效完整地收集到了聚集状态下的凝相粒子。采用扫描电镜和粒度分析仪对收集的粒子进行了分析。结果表明,聚集状态下颗粒间碰撞聚合非常严重,大颗粒一般由多个颗粒聚合而成。碰撞聚合条件下凝相粒子的粒度分布范围比较宽,颗粒分布峰值粒度在9～13μm之间,比非聚集状态下的主峰粒度大很多。研究结果可为两相流数值计算、发动机工作过程分析提供基础数据。     

自主拦截无人机机动过载指标影响因素分析

自主拦截无人机是一种新型的自杀型自主攻击无人机,具有损小、用大、效高的特点。在巡航阶段它相当于一个具有一定侦察、识别能力的无人机．而在攻击阶段类似于一个远程空空导弹。在分析某自主拦截无人机拦截预警机作战轨迹的基础上,利用比例导弓l法对其建立了拦截轨迹模型。根据计算结果分析了拦截距离、离轴角对机动过载指标的影响,为自主拦...