高等教育结构存在的主要问题与创新——以河南省为例

河南省高等教育结构目前尚存在学科专业结构不舍理、产学研相结合未形成良性互动机制、高层次研发人才培养能力不足和高等职业教育人才培养模式还需优化等问题。要切实落实河南省高等教育基础性、先导性、全局性的战略地位，在确立适度超前发展的理念下，坚持可持续发展、本土化、开放协作和生态和谐的原则，以培育高等教育园区发展极作为河南高等教育结构创新的战略目标，以和谐的生态结构作为结构创新的基本形态，以学科专业调整与发展作为结构创新的核心工作，以产学研有效结合作为结构创新的突破口，全力推进河南省高等教育结构的创新。     

偏转弹头导弹控制系统设计与仿真

根据弹头的可偏转特性,利用无根多刚体系统动力学方法建立了偏转弹头导弹的动力学模型,并对通道间的耦合特性及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响进行了分析。在此基础上,将通道间的耦合及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响作为干扰项处理,将气动参数的非线性变化等效为标称参数的摄动,利用变结构控制理论设计了偏转弹头导弹的控制器。仿真结果表明,所设计的变结构控制器能够有效地减小和消除俯仰、偏航通道对滚转通道的耦合作用以及弹头偏转对弹体运动的影响,较好地抑制了导弹气动参数的摄动,具有较高的稳态精度和良好的动态性能。     

当前经济增长的周期性、阶段性特征及政策思路

根据经济周期谷底的特性以及中美两国经济紧密关联和经济周期越来越契合的规律,可以印证2009年就是新一轮经济周期的谷底,由此可以断定当前处于复苏阶段.然而近三年来我国经济增速持续下滑至谷底以下,这一反常现象是由于经济短周期冲高回落与经济增长阶段转换相互叠加造成的.河南省与全国经济周期高度一致,时滞半年左右.在高速经济增长阶段河南省潜在经济增长率比全国高出2个百分点,中高速阶段高出1.5个百分点.河南省近几年经济增速深度下滑,其关键原因是投资增速下滑,其根本原因是结构升级缓慢.未来河南经济要摆脱持续下行趋势,保持经济中高速增长,应坚持调结构、扩投资、促改革的政策思路,“调结构”是根本,“扩投资”是基础,“促改革”是保障.     

地面系留设施万向滑轮结构优化设计

基于系留缆绳换向及缆绳拉力和倾角的测量,提出了一种优化的机动式系留气球万向滑轮结构设计方案,描述了万向滑轮结构形式、材料选择及工艺实现等,采用三维建模及有限元分析相结合的方法,对万向滑轮结构进行校核分析。结果表明,该结构满足刚度和强度要求,具有较广泛的工程应用价值。     

变截面悬臂梁结构动载荷辨识方法

在航空航天领域，作用在结构上动载荷的确定对结构健康监测是非常必要和重要的。为此，本文以类似机翼结构的变截面悬臂梁结构为研究对象，提出了一种基于光纤光栅传感器与卡尔曼滤波器的动载荷识别方法。首先，根据变截面梁单元形式，推导出变截面梁的质量矩阵与刚度矩阵，建立动力学运动方程。然后，以光纤光栅传感器测得的应变信息作为观测信号，通过卡尔曼滤波器生成的增益矩阵、新息序列矩阵以及协方差矩阵，得到灵敏度矩阵和估计力的增益矩阵。在此基础上，利用广义回归模型及其最小二乘算法，估算出动载荷大小、判断出动载荷激励位置。借助数值仿真与实验手段，分别验证了该方法对于单点正弦激励、方波激励、锯齿波激励以及多点同时激励等工况下的动载荷识别效果。结果表明，本文所提算法具有较好的动载荷识别效果和噪声抑制能力，能够为未来风洞试验和真实飞行试验环境中诸如大展弦比机翼表面气动压力等载荷实时辨识、气动外形自适应控制以及结构健康监测提供技术支撑。     

Influence of curved thin-film device on deformation of a solar sail

A spinning solar sail IKAROS’s membrane is estimated to unexpectedly deform into an inverted pyramid shape due to thin-film devices with curvature, such as thin-film solar cells and steering devices on the membrane. It is important to investigate the deformation caused by the curved thin-film devices and predict the sail shape because the out-of-plane deformation greatly affects solar radiation pressure (SRP) and SRP torque. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between the global shape and orientation and position of curved thin-film devices and to evaluate SRP torque on the global shape using finite element analysis. The global shape is evaluated based on the out-of-plane displacement and the SRP torque. When the curved thin-film devices make the membrane shrink in the circumferential, diagonal, and radial direction, the sail deforms into a pyramid shape, an inverted pyramid one, and a saddle one, respectively. The saddle shape is more desirable for solar sails than the inverted pyramid shape and the pyramid one from the viewpoint of shape stability to SRP and control of SRP torque in the normal direction of the sail (windmill torque). The position of the thin-film device tends to increase the absolute value of windmill torque when it is biased circumferentially from the petal central axis. The suggested design principles for the arrangement of thin-film devices is that the curved thin-film devices should be directed so that the sail shrinks in the radial direction in order to deform the sail into a saddle shape with high shape stability, and the position of the thin-film devices should be biased in the circumferential direction paying attention to the absolute value of windmill torque to determine the direction of windmill torque.     

梳状电容式微加速度计温度性能优化

零偏温度漂移是影响高精度MEMS加速度计整体性能的关键指标，敏感结构机械零位的温度漂移和电路零位(电容检测电路）的温度漂移是加速度计零偏温度漂移的直接原因。分析了影响加速度计零偏温度系数的3种主要影响因素，提出了某型加速度计伺服电路温度性能测试筛选方法，有效减小了电路零位的温度漂移。采用了全硅表头，同时对表头封装粘接方式进行优化，大幅减小了表头机械零位的温度漂移。经过这些优化措施后，加速度计的温度性能得到了明显改善，零偏温度系数由1.3mg/℃减小到0.5mg/℃，零偏的常温稳定性(1h）达到0.108mg，重复性(6次）达到0.141mg。     

Physical model for acoustic resonance in annular cavity structure

A physical model for acoustic resonance in the annular cavity structure is developed to represent the typical characteristic when acoustic resonance occurs. Firstly, the measurement of sound pressure in the casing and rotor blades vibration is operated in a multistage high pressure compressor. The sharp peak frequency and discrete multi-tone occur in the frequency spectrum of sound pressure in the compressor, and the vibration of the first stage of rotor blades synchronously presents the high amplitude. The frequencies associated with rotor blades vibration can be calculated with rotating sound source theory. It is also confirmed that acoustic resonance occurs in the multistage compressor. With acoustic similarity principle, an annular cavity model is established to simulate the typical characteristics of acoustic resonance in the compressor based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Lighthill acoustic analogy. The coupling relationship between cavity acoustic mode and disc vibration mode shape is expounded when acoustic resonance occurs in the model. And acoustic resonance will be locked in the certain flow rate range. All these characteristics match well with those occur in the multistage high pressure compressor.     

Possible evidence for small-scale wave seeding of equatorial plasma bubbles

The small-scale wave-like structure (SSWS) of F region bottomside plasma density was proposed to be an important seeding for equatorial plasma bubble (EPB) generation, and employed in theoretical simulations of EPBs in recent years. The seeding role of SSWS, however, is waiting to be demonstrated by observation. Here we present two cases of SSWS and EPB observed by the Fuke all-sky airglow imager (19.3°N, 109.1°E; dip latitude 14.3°N). For each case, the results show that two large-scale wave-like structures (LSWSs) initially appeared around sunset in the longitude regions separated by 3–4°, but EPB irregularities were only generated in one of the LSWSs where SSWSs were seen riding on LSWS. For the other LSWS, no SSWS and EPB irregularities were seen. Considering that the two LSWSs were situated closely in longitude where the amplitude of pre-reversal enhancement of background eastward electric field should be similar, the observation that EPB was only generated in the longitude with simultaneous LSWS and SSWS could provide supporting evidence for SSWS seeding of EPB.     

K8飞机襟翼装配工艺的改进

Ｋ８飞机襟翼装配长期达不到设计要求，成为技术关键。本文从多方面分析了产生问题的原因，并详细介绍了改进方法及其效果。