临近空间飞艇运行环境及其影响

叙述了运行在20km以上临近空间的飞艇要经历的对流层和平流层的环境特点,对压力、密度、温度、太阳辐射、臭氧、水蒸气、高能粒子及大气污染物这些大气环境进行了分析,并提出了环境控制需要注意的几个问题,为临近空间飞艇的设计提供了参考。     

计算气动光学研究进展

计算气动光学是采用数值计算的方法研究高速空气动力流场对光波传输和光学成像影响的一门交叉学科,在红外成像制导设计等工程应用中发挥着重要的作用。总结了计算气动光学研究的三种基本计算方法,包括基于CFD简化方法的光学统计估算、基于RANS流场的计算和基于LES/DNS瞬态流场的计算,对这三种计算方法的基本理论、计算过程进行了介绍,综述了新近的一些计算气动光学研究进展,最后指出了未来的研究重点和方向。     

基于PIV速度场测量的压强梯度计算

介绍了基于PIV速度场测量结果计算压强梯度的基本原理和3种不同的计算方法,并通过对流高斯涡模型系统研究了离散格式选取、PIV参数设置和流场特征等对压强梯度计算的影响.结果表明:PIV速度测量的精度是压强梯度计算的关键性影响因素,1%噪声对结果的影响比其他过程高约2个数量级;时间分辨率和空间分辨率的设置并非越高越好,而是有个合适的中间值;拉格朗日方法在大多数情况下优于欧拉方法,但当流动结构较复杂时性能较差,应根据流动类型和流场特征合理选取压强梯度计算方法.      

The relationship between plasma effects and cosmic radiation studied with TriTel-LMP measurements during the ESEO mission

The main point of the paper is to use the simultaneous measurements of the energetic particle flux by TriTel and those of electron density by a Langmuir probe to study the question of to what extent solar electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation (galactic cosmic rays, particle precipitation from the radiation belts) are responsible for the ionization of the atmosphere. The electron density measured by the Langmuir probe is the sum of the ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation and that due to the corpuscular radiation. The ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation may be computed. The flux of energetic particles in an energy range may be determined by taking the difference between the threshold energy of the TriTel telescopes and the energy corresponding to the local cut-off rigidity. As the ESEO satellite will have a quasi-polar and circular orbit, the cut-off rigidity will change from low to high latitudes, thus enabling the assignment of different energy bands for the telescopes. Thus, it will be possible to determine which energy bands of particle produce ionization at different latitudes.     

空间电子攻击的体系作战效用及发展对策

通过分析空间电子攻击在打击对象多、方式灵活多样,打击速度快、隐蔽突然,效果等同于火力打击、太空安全隐患小等方面的优势,得出了"空间电子攻击具有很大的发展潜力,是未来空间对抗力量发展的重心"的结论。通过分析空间电子攻击在遮态势感知耳目、断信息分发链路、破精确打击能力、实施战略威慑方面发挥体系作战效用的机理,论证了空间电子攻击的体系作战效用。通过分析还提出空间电子攻击力量的发展对策。     

Coupling behavior between adhesive and abrasive wear mechanism of aero-hydraulic spool valves

Leakage due to wear is one of the main failure modes of aero-hydraulic spool valves. This paper established a practical coupling wear model for aero-hydraulic spool valves based on dynamic system modelling theory. Firstly, the experiment for wear mechanism verification proved that adhesive wear and abrasive wear did coexist during the working process of spool valves. Sec-ondly coupling behavior of each wear mechanism was characterized by analyzing actual time-variation of model parameters during wear evolution process. Meanwhile, Archard model and three-body abrasive wear model were utilized for adhesive wear and abrasive wear, respectively. Furthermore, their coupling wear model was established by calculating the actual wear volume. Finally, from the result of formal test, all the required parameters for our model were obtained. The relative error between model prediction and data of pre-test was also presented to verify the accuracy of model, which demonstrated that our model was useful for providing accurate prediction of spool valve’s wear life.     

纳米硅薄膜的氧化特性

将ｎｃ－Ｓｉ：Ｈ薄膜进行等离子和高温氧化处理，测量了样品的氢，氧含量，Ｒａｍａｎ谱，红外吸收谱，光致发光（ＰＬ），结果表明两种氧化方式都将氧掺入薄膜中，但不同处理方式氧在薄膜中的键合形式不同Ｒａｍａｎ谱表明氧化处理对薄膜中晶粒大小及晶态比没有影响，用晶粒－表面模型对氧化引起的光致发光（ＰＬ）蓝移进行了解释。     

Kinetic Excitation Mechanisms for ION-Cyclotron Kinetic Alfvén Waves in Sun-Earth ConnectionI

We study kinetic excitation mechanisms for high-frequency dispersive Alfvén waves in the solar corona, solar wind, and Earth's magnetosphere. The ion-cyclotron and Cherenkov kinetic effects are important for these waves which we call the ion-cyclotron kinetic Alfvén waves (ICKAWs). Ion beams, anisotropic particles distributions and currents provide free energy for the excitation of ICKAWs in space plasmas. As particular examples we consider ICKAW instabilities in the coronal magnetic reconnection events, in the fast solar wind, and in the Earth's magnetopause. Energy conversion and transport initiated by ICKAW instabilities is significant for the whole dynamics of Sun-Earth connection chain, and observations of ICKAW activity could provide a diagnostic/predictive tool in the space environment research. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Non-stationarity and cross-correlation effects in the MHD solar activity

The analysis of turbulent processes in sunspots and pores which are self-organizing long-lived magnetic structures is a complicated and not yet solved problem. The present work focuses on studying such magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) formations on the basis of flicker-noise spectroscopy using a new method of multi-parametric analysis. The non-stationarity and cross-correlation effects taking place in solar activity dynamics are considered. The calculated maximum values of non-stationarity factor may become precursors of significant restructuring in solar magnetic activity. The introduced cross-correlation functions enable us to judge synchronization effects between the signals of various solar activity indicators registered simultaneously.     

直升机旋翼载荷中的非线性强迫振动方程迭代算法

介绍用迭代方法求解直升机桨叶气动载荷中的非线性强迫振动方程。计算时,先假定诱导下洗已确定,求出桨叶的初始载荷;再通过非线性强迫振动方程求出弯－弯－扭弹性变形。以某一直升机为例,求出了桨叶的各阶谐波载荷和弹性变形。计算结果与实验数据吻合。