旋转对带斜肋和双排孔通道孔流量系数影响

为了获得工作叶片内部通道布置斜肋情况下的气膜孔流量系数,利用商业软件对带60°肋和双排气膜孔出流的旋转矩形通道内的流场进行了数值模拟.通道入口雷诺为数60 000,罗斯贝数为0,0.11,0.22,气膜孔总出流比0.22.通道静止时,计算结果与实验数据符合较好,左侧孔和右侧孔的流量系数差别不大.通道顺时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数增加90%左右,左侧孔流量系数是右侧孔流量系数的4～5倍.通道逆时针旋转时,两个孔的平均流量系数减小10%左右,左侧孔和右侧孔流量系数基本相同.      

Numerical simulation on a film-cooled rotating model with 30° injection holes

The flow and heat transfer characteristics were numerically investigated on a film cooling model under different rotating operating conditions.The computational model was originated from the mid-span section of a typical turbine rotor with two rows of 14 staggered injection holes angled 30° both on the suction surface and pressure surface,and the flow through the coolant plenum and all the hole-pipes were resolved as a part of the computational domain by specifying the coolant mass flux in the plenum.The computations primarily focus on under-standing the rotational effect on film cooling performance in mechanism research approach.In the present study,the Reynolds number(Re) based on mainstream velocity and injection hole diameter varied from 1835.5 to 5507.4,and the averaged blowing ratio(M) ranges of 0.5 to 1.5.Results show that the coolant will move on to the high-radius locations near the suction and pressure surfaces due to the strong centrifugal effect,which leads to the decrease in adiabatic effectiveness accordingly.The discharge coefficients(Cd),on the pressure surface,are much higher than that on the suction surface under a given operating condition.In addition,the critical values of angular speed which represent the equilibrium of centrifugal force and Coriolis force near the pressure surface are also presented.      

三元流闭式叶轮组合电加工技术研究Ⅰ——总体方案设计及关键技术

针对难切削材料三元流闭式叶轮上复杂弯扭型腔的加工难题,提出数控电解(NC-ECM)/数控电火花(NC-EDM)组合加工数字化制造技术方案。本文重点论述了其总体方案设计及关键技术,包括总体工艺流程设计,数控电解预加工中阴极及运动轨迹设计,数控电火花精加工中电极及加工轨迹设计,工装夹具设计以及加工参数的选择与优化等问题。成功试制了合格的某型三元流闭式叶轮,试验结果表明,组合电加工技术能够满足三元流闭式叶轮的实际生产要求。     

喷液式高速走丝电火花线切割高效切割研究

研究了高速走丝电火花线切割在浇注式与喷液式冷却条件下不同脉宽、放电峰值电流、脉间及喷液压力、喷距、运丝速度等因素对大能量高效放电切割的影响规律,分析认为大能量高效切割极间放电状况恶化的原因主要是极间工作液在巨大放电热量作用下产生汽化造成的,并验证了喷液式冷却方式是改善大能量条件下高效切割极间冷却状态恶化的有效手段,采用喷液方式突破了切割效率长期徘徊在200 mm2/m in的局面,最高切割效率可以提高20%,并且切割表面质量有很大改善。文中还针对喷液冷却体现出的高效切割工艺规律对今后喷液式高速走丝电火花线切割的设计提出了指导原则。     

电火花诱导可控烧蚀放电铣削实验研究

提出了一种电火花诱导可控烧蚀放电铣削加工方法,在中空管状电极中间歇通入氧气,在氧气通入阶段电火花引燃金属,利用金属燃烧产生的化学能进行烧蚀加工,氧气关闭阶段进行常规电火花铣削修整,保证表面加工质量与精度。通过实验研究了极性、脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔、低压电流、氧气压力和供氧间隔等工艺规准对电火花诱导可控烧蚀放电铣削加工材料蚀除率和电极相对损耗率的影响。结果表明:该加工方式适合采用正极性加工;电极相对损耗率保持较低的水平;进行粗加工时,应适当增加氧气通入时间,以增加材料蚀除率;进行精整加工时,则应减少氧气通入时间,增加电火花放电时间,以提高表面质量与精度。     

高能电弧等离子体激励控制双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰实验研究

超声速/高超声速飞行器进气道入口处多采用多级压缩构型,其诱导的激波/边界层干扰严重影响进气道效率和飞行器的气动性能,因此对双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰进行流动控制具有较强的应用背景。在来流速度为Ma=2.0的风洞内,针对三种典型的双压缩拐角构型,开展了高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列调控双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的实验研究,并对激励流场的高速纹影图像进行了空间梯度阈值处理和均方根处理。结果显示,在激励的作用下两道分离激波的强度均减弱,验证了利用高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列控制双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的可行性。在分析控制效果的基础上,获得了在不同构型拐角的流场中前驱冲击波列和控制气泡的演化规律,结合控制效果的时序特征,最终揭示了高能流向脉冲电弧放电阵列作用于双压缩拐角激波/边界层干扰的前驱控制和接续控制的接力控制机理。     

高精度霍尔电推进技术的应用与发展研究

在现代化全域通信导航的应用背景下,卫星平台所需具备的精确轨道预测与实时轨道控制能力对电推进系统的推力精度、分辨率等性能提出更高的要求,因此建设高精度的电推进系统具有非常重要的意义。通过对空间应用需求和电推进技术现状的分析,阐明了当前电推进技术的推力输出精度不足以支撑高精度连续导航、超低轨卫星实时阻力补偿以及高分辨率遥感卫星动中成像等空间任务的需求。在此基础上,以霍尔推进系统为研究对象,针对研制高精度推进系统的技术难点,从霍尔推力器技术、流量控制技术、电源及控制技术和试验验证技术四个方面阐述了国内外研究的现状,分析和探讨了关键技术的发展方向和研究思路,为高精度霍尔推进技术未来的重点研究和发展方向提出建议。     

用于电火花加工的两级式电流型变换器研究

脉冲电源是电火花加工系统中重要的组成部分之一，其性能直接影响电加工的工艺指标。与一般电源比较而言，它是按一定规律周期性地向负载提供所需的电功率，工作过程中存在着很强的扰动性。本文分析了无阻电流型电火花脉冲电源变换器的工作原理，提出了一种新型两级式结构的无阻电流型电火花脉冲电源变换器的电路拓扑和控制方案，给出了脉冲发生电路和输出过压保护电路的设计方法。制作了输出电流为20A的原理样机，通过实验波形分析，验证了电路拓扑和控制方法的正确性，为该类电源变换器的进一步研究打下了良好的基础。     

Electric discharge in the Martian atmosphere,Paschen curves and implications for future missions

Electric discharge between two electrically charged surfaces occurs at a well-defined, gas-dependent combination of atmospheric pressure and the distance between those two surfaces, as described by Paschen’s law. The understanding of when the discharge will occur in the conditions present on Mars is essential for designing space-flight hardware that will operate on the Martian surface as well as understanding electrical discharge processes occurring in the Martian atmosphere. Here, we present experimentally measured Paschen curves for a gas mixture representative of the Martian atmosphere and compare our results to breakdown voltages of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and helium as measured with our system and from the literature. We will discuss possible implications for instrument development as well as implications for processes in the Martian atmosphere. The DC voltage at which electric discharge occurred between two stainless steel spheres was measured at pressures from 10⁻² to 100 torr in all gases. We measured a minimum voltage for discharge in the Mars ambient atmosphere of 410 ± 10 V at 0.3 torr cm. As an application, the breakdown properties of space-qualified, electrical wires to be used in the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite on the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) were studied.     

防静电屏蔽包装袋测试方法研究

列举了目前市场上针对防静电屏蔽包装袋的表面电阻测试方法和静电感应峰值电压测试方法,并根据其各自的测试原理说明了其缺陷,对美标提出的静电放电感应能量法进行了详细的分析,其特点是使用接近实际环境的HBM模型,用不影响测量回路的电流探针取代电压探针,用200MHz带宽500MS/s采样率示波器覆盖更宽的频率范围减小误差,从能量的角度表述了静电屏蔽性能的优劣。