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961.
T. Schildknecht R. MusciT. Flohrer 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(7):1039-1045
In the framework of its space debris research activities ESA established an optical survey program to study the space debris environment at high altitudes, in particular in the geostationary ring and in the geostationary transfer orbit region. The Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) performs these surveys on behalf of ESA using ESA’s 1-m telescope in Tenerife. Regular observations were started in 1999 and are continued during about 120–140 nights per year. Results from these surveys revealed a substantial amount of space debris at high altitudes in the size range from 0.1 to 1 m. Several space debris populations with different dynamical properties were identified in the geostationary ring. During the searches for debris in the geostationary transfer orbit region a new population of objects in unexpected orbits, where no potential progenitors exist, was found. The orbital periods of these objects are clustered around one revolution per day; the eccentricities, however, are scattered between 0 and 0.6. By following-up some of these objects using the ESA telescope and AIUB’s 1-m telescope in Zimmerwald, Switzerland, it was possible to study the properties of this new population. One spectacular finding from monitoring the orbits over time spans of days to months is the fact that these objects must have extreme area-to-mass ratios, which are by several orders of magnitudes higher than for ‘normal-type’ debris. This in turn supports the hypothesis that the new population actually is debris generated in or near the geostationary ring and which is in orbits with periodically varying eccentricity and inclination due to perturbations by solar radiation pressure. In order to further study the nature of these debris, multi-color and temporal photometry (light curves) were acquired with the Zimmerwald telescope. The light curves show strong variations over short time intervals, including signals typical for specular reflections. Some objects exhibit distinct periodic variations with periods ranging from 10 to several 100 s. All this is indicative for objects with complicated shapes and some highly reflective surfaces. 相似文献
962.
Jian He Qingguo Zhang 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2013
In this paper, using the intensity ratio of carbon ions emission lines, we determined the optical depths at the line center of the CI at about 165.7 nm, CII at about 133.5 nm, CIII at about 117.5 nm and CIV at about 154.9 nm emission lines by escape factor treatment. For CI and CII emission lines, we discuss the intensity ratio of two lines arising from the common upper levels; while for CIII and CIV emission lines, we discuss the intensity ratio of two lines arising from the common lower levels. By introducing the measured abundance of carbon and the results of ionization balance calculations, we make an estimate of the line-of-sight physical thickness of the regions of carbon ions. This discussion will provide some results in the discussion of opacity on the solar ultraviolet (UV) or extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum. 相似文献
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967.
杨守环 《中国民航学院学报》1989,(4)
当同步发电机输出电流大小与功率因数改变时,其电枢反应与内阻抗压降将改变,则发电机输出电压也将改变。为使发电机输出电压保持额定值,通常都有自动电压调节器与发电机配套工作。本文较详细地分析了MD-80飞机使用的AVR403型电压调节器各部分电路的工作原理,以及整机调压的工作过程,并阐述了该调压器的特点。 相似文献
968.
钡钨空心阴极等离子体放电模式实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要通过实验的手段,系统研究了钡钨空心阴极的等离子体放电特性及其工作模式。实验中,使空心阴极工作在三极管构型下,调节相应的放电参数,详细分析钡钨空心阴极放电特性的变化规律、存在的放电模式及其转化规律。最后得到结论:钡钨空心阴极放电表现为羽毛状、亮斑状和弥漫状等3种典型的工作模式;不同放电模式可以用放电电流、放电电压及其振荡特性进行判定和区分;随着放电参数的变化,几种放电模式之间可以相互转化。 相似文献
969.
复合高斯杂波中距离扩展目标的迭代近似GLRT检测器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了结构化的复合高斯杂波(CGC)背景中距离扩展目标自适应检测问题。针对异质杂波背景中的近似广义似然比检验(AGLRT-HTG)检测器应用于CGC背景中时存在一定的信杂比损失问题,结构化的复合高斯杂波采用自回归过程建模,结合近似广义似然比检验(AGLRT)方法和迭代估计思想,提出了CGC背景中距离扩展目标的迭代近似广义似然比检测器(RAGLRT-CGC)。从理论上分析了极限情况下RAGLRT-CGC虚警概率与检测门限关系的解析表达式。仿真结果表明,在CGC背景中,RAGLRT-CGC对不同多主散射点目标具有较好的鲁棒性,并且检测性能明显优于AGLRT-HTG。 相似文献
970.
提出了在非对称循环加载下描述材料弹塑性材料行为的损伤演变速率方程式与各个历程与不同损伤量DCi相对应的寿命NCi估算式。其方法是采用以塑性应变幅同弹性应变幅之比值ΔEp/Δεe作为应力应变参量,以常用的材料常数作为材料参数。而且,还提出了与常用材料常数、平均应力与平均应变、加载临界历程长短有着函数关系的综合性材料常数的新概念。此外,以汽车的某一零件为例,计算了它的疲劳损伤。其计算结果与Landgraf方程式计算结果一致,且计算精度较高。这对避免过多而重复的疲劳试验,对方便工程应用,对节约人力、时间和资金有着实际意义。 相似文献