圆轨道近程自主交会轨道设计

采用线性化CW方程研究了空间飞行器近程自主交会轨道设计问题。结合多冲量滑移算法和工程上对交会时间的要求,提出了快速、指数及慢速滑移轨道的概念,给出了三种轨道的设计方法和实现算法。本方法可以实现接近操作减速以及撤离操作加速的任务要求。通过仿真对接近和撤离等交会操作进行了验证,仿真结果表明设计方法可行,满足交会任务对时间及状态参数变化规律的要求。     

基于虚温定义的粘弹性有限元方法

基于NARAYANASWAMY提出的虚温定义,用虚温表示的温度变化产生的折算应变率替代Swanson模型中的应变率修正函数,获得了基于虚温定义的粘弹性材料的应力应变本构方程,并导出基于虚温定义的粘弹性非线性有限单元法计算公式。计算结果验证了此基于虚温定义的粘弹性分析方法的正确性。     

Predicting the effects of gas diffusivity on photosynthesis and transpiration of plants grown under hypobaria

As part of a Bio-regenerative Life Support System (BLSS) for long-term space missions, plants will likely be grown at reduced pressure. This low pressure will minimize structural requirements for growth chambers on missions to the Moon or Mars. However, at reduced pressures the diffusivity of gases increases. This will affect the rates at which CO₂ is assimilated and water is transpired through stomata. To understand quantitatively the possible effects of reduced pressure on plant growth, CO₂ and H₂O transport were calculated for atmospheres of various total pressures (101, 66, 33, 22, 11 kPa) and CO₂ concentrations (0.04, 0.1 and 0.18 kPa). The diffusivity of a gas is inversely proportional to total pressure and shows dramatic increases at pressures below 33 kPa (1/3 atm). A mathematical relationship based on the principle of thermodynamics was applied to low pressure conditions and can be used for calculating the transpiration and photosynthesis of plants grown in hypobaria. At 33 kPa total pressure, the stomatal conductance increases by a factor of three with the boundary layer conductance increasing by a factor of ∼1.7, since the leaf conductance is a function of both stomatal and the boundary layer conductance, the overall conductance will increase resulting in significantly higher levels of transpiration as the pressure drops. The conductance of gases is also regulated by stomatal aperture in an inverse relationship. The higher CO₂ concentration inside the leaf air space during low pressure treatments may result in higher CO₂ assimilation and partial stomata closure, resulting in a decrease in transpiration rate. The results of this analysis offer guidelines for experiments in pressure and high CO₂ environments to establish ideal conditions for minimizing transpiration and maximizing the plant biomass yield in BLSS.     

卫星光学遥感系统优化设计与像质评价探讨

介绍了卫星光学遥图像获取与图像处理一体化优化设计的思路；运用通用像质方程（GIQE）对于利用小相对孔径光学系统和调制传递函数补偿（MTFC）方法得到的图像的品质与利用相对较大相对孔径光学系统得到的图像的品质进行了对比分析。     

Microphysics: Equation of State

The equation of state is one of the three fundamental ingredients used to construct stellar models. The plasma of the interiors of stars such as the Sun is only slightly non-ideal. However, the extraordinary accuracy of the helioseismological data requires refined equations of state. It turned out to be necessary to include a Coulomb correction, commonly evaluated in the Debye-Hückel approximation. Higher-order non-ideal effects have implications as well, both for plasma physics and for solar physics. As a typical example, the recently studied thermodynamic consequence of excited states in compound particles is discussed. This effect is of considerable relevance in the helioseismic determination of the helium abundance in the solar convection zone. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

On the Composition of the Solar Interior Rapporteur Paper I

Standard solar models, although they are free from the influence of much of the fluid motion that is bound to be present in the Sun, have been shown by helioseismology to represent the spherically averaged structure of the Sun amazingly well. This state of affairs has come about after painstaking refinements by a great many people of the pertinent microphysics, including that which controls the equation of state, the opacity, the nuclear reaction rates and the diffusion that inhibits gravitational segregation of chemical elements. It has instilled confidence in the modellers in being able to predict the composition of the solar interior. But there are consequences of the flow, related particularly to redistribution of chemical species, that can be difficult to identify observationally, yet which may degrade any inferences we might make. Their potential presence must at least be acknowledged by anyone who tries to asses the reliability of the models. This report summarizes the discussions in the preceding pages of this volume of the current theoretical and observational status of the subject, pointing to many of the caveats that have been raised, and attempting at the same time to put them into a seemingly coherent discourse in the context of our present understanding of the workings of the solar interior. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

二维欧拉方程高分辨正性保持差分格式

针对二维欧拉方程研究了一类高分辨正性保持波尔兹曼型差分格式,首先分析了波尔兹曼方程和欧拉方程之间的关系;然后,利用一种特殊的插值技术构造了一类高分辨波尔兹曼型差分格式.最后通过数值实验验证了格式的实用性和有效性.     

求解弹性平面问题新的有限元应力法

本文提出一种用于求解弹性平面问题新的有限元应力法     

HIGH TEMPERATURE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF FSJ JOINTED REGION FOR 7022ALUMINUM ALLOY

The Hopkinson pressure bar tests for base metal and friction stir jointing（FSJ） jointed region of 7022 a- luminum alloy are carried out at different temperatures and strain rates. The temperature is 30--400 ℃ and the strain rate is 1 200-5 000 s 1. High strain rate for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy are studied. The corresponding stress-strain curves are obtained. The results show that the flow stresses of base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy decline with the increase of temperature and increase with the in- crease of strain rate. Furthermore, the constitutive equation for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 alumi- num alloy at high temperature and high strain rate is obtained based on Johnson-Cook model.     

基于欧拉方程的机翼设计方法及应用

以Takanashi提出的三维机翼设计理论为基础，研究与发展了一个基于欧方程和“正－反迭代、余量修正原理”的机翼设计方法。用改进的无限插值方法生成绕机翼的O－O贴体网格，采用三维欧拉方程作为充动分析计算的基本方程，该设计方法已用于某无人机机翼和一个超临界机翼设计，设计结果达到了预期的目标。