液体火箭发动机钎焊、扩散焊质量检测技术研究

现代液体火箭发动机的推力室钎焊身部、发生器钎焊身部及游机推力室钎焊身部均是在高温、高压环境下工作，采用波纹板和铣槽式结构，而这种结构的钎焊和扩散焊的焊接质量直接关系到产品的承压强度及冷却效果。因此，对钎焊和扩散焊的质量检测尤为重要。着重讨论了对波纹板结构和铣槽结构的钎焊、扩散焊质量采用不同无损检测方法进行检测时，方法的可行性和存在的问题，并给出不同方法对产品的可检测性结论。     

中国大型运输机的发展

Aircraft manufacturers always try to do new aircraft on an old basis. A300 is the basis of A380. It is very important for China to own a basis-one type of Chinese own commercial large transport. Trying to find some enlightenment from A380,for Chinese regional aircraft such as ARJ21, ERJ145 and other commercial large transports. Simultaneously,the opportunities and challenges to China Civil Aviation Industry are also discussed in this paper.     

Cosmic-Ray Transport Coefficients

A review of cosmic-ray transport coefficients, based on historic and recent observations and theoretical insights, is presented. Particular emphasis is on the transport of cosmic rays across the magnetic field, which is of foremost importance, and is presently poorly understood and widely debated.     

Element Settling in the Solar Interior

Element settling inside the Sun now becomes detectable from the comparison of the observed oscillation modes with the results of the theoretical models. This settling is due, not only to gravitation, but also to thermal diffusion and radiative acceleration (although this last effect is small compared to the two others). It leads to abundance variations of helium and heavy elements of ≅ 10% below the convective zone. Although not observable from spectroscopy, such variations lead to non-negligible modifications of the solar internal structure and evolution. Helioseismology is a powerful tool to detect such effects, and its positive results represent a great success for the theory of stellar evolution. Meanwhile, evidences are obtained that the element settling is slightly smoothed down, probably due to mild macroscopic motions below the convective zone. Additional observations of the abundances of both 7Li and 3He lead to specific constraints on these particular motions. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

络阴离子在阴极放电中的推动力

众所周知,“简单金属离子”可在电极上放电。而络阴离子,如:Zn(oH)_4~(2-),CU(CN)_4~(2-),Ag(CN)_2~-,等等,能逆电场力跑到阴极表面去放电,这似乎是不可思议的事。本文扼要阐述引起此现象的原因所在。     

湍流扩散火焰的流场计算

本文采用修正的k-ε湍流模型以及实验测得的初始条件,计算了冷态和湍流扩散火焰的流场。结果令人满意。     

多级轴流压气机的径向掺混

 随着压气机向着更高的级负荷和更低的展弦比方向发展,径向掺混问题在气动分析和气动设计中越来越重要,当前对决定径向掺混的主要因素众说不一。本文用严格的理论,得到了用统一形式表示含二次流和湍流在内的各个径向掺混因素的多级轴流压气机通流基本方程组,并讨论了二维通流流场湍流掺混与实际流场三维剪切结构的关系。基本方程组的数值结果与试验结果以及其它掺混理论结果比较表呀,该方程组能够满意地模拟多级轴流压气机中的径向掺混特性。     

电化学CO2浓缩器氧气体扩散电极Pt/C粉的研制

氧气体扩散电极是电化学CO2浓缩器的关键因素之一，氧电极催化能力的研究有利于提高CO2的转移指数和转移速率。通过活性炭的预处理及Pt／C粉制备方法的选择，改进了氧电极的制备工艺。此外，以正交试验的结果分析为基础，得到了氧电极Pt／C粉的最佳制作条件。     

SiC颗粒增强Al基复合材料焊接工艺研究

通过SiC颗粒增强Al基复合材料与Al合金的焊接工艺试验研究，重点分析了材料组合，保湿工艺，连接时间等工艺参数对连接接头性能的影响以及连接接头的微观组织及成分分布，研究表明，TLP扩散连接是一种适用于复合材料连接的重要方法，在相同工艺条件下，LF6／SiCp-6061Al的接头性能明显优于LF6／SiCp-2024Al，连接时间过短或过长，都将影响到接头性能，并且连接时间对不同材料组合的影响也不同，采用二次保温工艺可以较大幅度地提高接头性能。