蜂窝夹层板超高速撞击极限方程分析

为分析撞击极限方程对蜂窝夹层结构的穿透特性的预测能力,调研得到了3类撞击极限方程的表达形式和等效方法,以及131个采用碳纤维复合材料(CFRP)面板的蜂窝夹层板结构的试验数据,并对撞击极限方程的预测能力进行了比较计算。结果发现,MET方程对他源数据的四种(未失效、失效、总体以及安全)预测率均大于80%,进行在轨航天器结构的失效分析时可优先选用;SRL方程对本源数据的安全预测率达到了100%,在他源数据上的安全预测率也很高,适用于航天器防护结构设计。探讨了撞击极限方程中的系数、速度分界值的优化思路,以提高撞击极限方程的预测率。     

Attitude Control Considering Variable Input Saturation Limit for a Spacecraft Equipped with Flywheels

A new attitude controller is proposed for spacecraft whose actuator has variable input saturation limit. There are three identical flywheels orthogonally mounted on board. Each rotor is driven by a brushless DC motor (BLDCM). Models of spacecraft attitude dynamics and flywheel rotor driving motor electromechanics are discussed in detail. The controller design is similar to saturation limit linear assignment. An auxiliary parameter and a boundary coefficient are imported into the controller to guarantee system stability and improve control performance. A time-varying and state-dependent flywheel output torque saturation limit model is established. Stability of the closed-loop control system and asymptotic convergence of system states are proved via Lyapunov methods and LaSalle invariance principle. Boundedness of the auxiliary parameter ensures that the control objective can be achieved, while the boundary parameter’s value makes a balance between system control performance and flywheel utilization efficiency. Compared with existing controllers, the newly developed controller with variable torque saturation limit can bring smoother control and faster system response. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the controller.     

激光光斑形状及入射角对PSD位置输出影响的研究

位置敏感探测器（PSD）探测的是光斑能量的重心位置,通常利用半导体激光器作为PSD位置探测的光源。半导体激光器的光源存在衍射现象,入射角度的变化会引起光斑能量重心的变化,从而导致PSD输出特性的变化。本文通过计算得出圆光斑和＂十＂字形光斑的能量分布,光阑半径越小,光波长越长,衍射现象越明显,对PSD的输出影响越大。通过分析入射角变化对PSD输出特性的影响得出：入射光线在PSD敏感面垂直位置附近发生小角度变化时,重心的偏移会很微小,对PSD的输出特性影响较小。     

基于立体视觉的板料成形极限应变测量关键技术及其系统

 设计并实现了一种基于双目立体视觉和数字图像相关方法的板料成形极限应变测量系统—BOSAS(双目视觉应变测量分析系统),对其中的关键技术作了深入讨论。该系统可以克服传统坐标网格方法很难进行变形过程的动态监控、自动化程度不高等局限,并可计算试件各变形阶段全场应变分布,以及重建不同变形时刻下试件的几何外形。将分段位移传递法和有限应变理论相结合,可计算大变形下的极限应变。对深冲铝板6016以及航空铝板2A12-T4、2A12-O、7B04-O等材料的应变测量结果显示本文方法适用于板料成形三维变形及极限应变的测量,并将测得数据与由坐标网格方法测得的数据进行比较,结果表明本文方法测量准确、可靠。     

燃烧室电火花点火模型

为了准确掌握影响航空发动机燃烧室点火边界的关键因素,并建立燃烧室点火边界预测模型,对单头部燃烧室的点火过程及点火边界进行了试验与理论研究。获取了燃烧室点火过程的火核生成与传播特性曲线,形成了拓宽燃烧室点火边界的优化方法,基于点火恢复时间建立了燃烧室点火边界预测模型,并对预测模型的精度进行验证。结果表明:提高喷嘴雾化性能是提升点火性能的最有效途径,点火模型预测结果与试验结果相符度较好,模型的最大误差小于20%,满足燃烧室工程设计需要。      

卫星星体对多波束天线的散射影响分析

地球静止轨道(GEO)移动通信卫星,多采用大反射面天线及多馈源组成的空间可展开多波束天线系统,具有更高的天线增益,并提高了整体系统性能,但由于过于庞大的天线反射面和馈源阵列,在整星结构构型布局中难免由于卫星星体或其它机构部件的存在而造成散射.文章主要针对GEO移动通信卫星星体对多波束天线散射影响问题,利用仿真分析软件,...     

On the effect of considering more realistic particle shape and mass parameters in MMOD risk assessments

One of the primary mission risks tracked in the development of all spacecraft is that due to micro-meteoroids and orbital debris (MMOD). Both types of particles, especially those larger than 0.1 mm in diameter, contain sufficient kinetic energy due to their combined mass and velocities to cause serious damage to crew members and spacecraft. The process used to assess MMOD risk consists of three elements: environment, damage prediction, and damage tolerance. Orbital debris risk assessments for the Orion vehicle, as well as the Shuttle, Space Station and other satellites use ballistic limit equations (BLEs) that have been developed using high speed impact test data and results from numerical simulations that have used spherical projectiles. However, spheres are not expected to be a common shape for orbital debris; rather, orbital debris fragments might be better represented by other regular or irregular solids. In this paper we examine the general construction of NASA’s current orbital debris (OD) model, explore the potential variations in orbital debris mass and shape that are possible when using particle characteristic length to define particle size (instead of assuming spherical particles), and, considering specifically the Orion vehicle, perform an orbital debris risk sensitivity study taking into account variations in particle mass and shape as noted above. While the results of the work performed for this study are preliminary, they do show that continuing to use aluminum spheres in spacecraft risk assessments could result in an over-design of its MMOD protection systems. In such a case, the spacecraft could be heavier than needed, could cost more than needed, and could cost more to put into orbit than needed. The results obtained in this study also show the need to incorporate effects of mass and shape in mission risk assessment prior to first flight of any spacecraft as well as the need to continue to develop/refine BLEs so that they more accurately reflect the shape and material density variations inherent to the actual debris environment.     

超椭球凸集合可靠性综合指标定义及求解方法

针对失效域与超椭球凸集合发生干涉与不发生干涉两种情况下,超椭球凸集合非概率可靠性与非概率可靠度两种指标各自存在的不足,将两指标相结合提出多个超椭球凸集合描述时的可靠性综合指标定义,并提出将改进的有限步长迭代法(MLSA)与Monte-Carlo法结合来求解综合指标的方法.MLSA是在有限步长迭代法的基础上提出的,根据增...     

飞控系统极限环抑制对

舵机是电传飞控系统中非线性因素的重要组成部分,若参数选择不当,常会发生稳态不衰减的小幅值极限环振荡现象。应用非线性控制理论,将飞控系统稳定性要求转化为对舵机的幅频特性、相频特性和不灵敏区范围要求,从而通过舵机设计达到抑制极限环的目的。仿真结果表明,该方法简单、实用,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

MJ螺纹在飞机上的应用探讨

详细介绍了MJ螺纹与M螺纹的区别,总结了使用MJ螺纹的益处,探讨了在实际装配中,MJ螺纹与M螺纹配合使用的可行性问题,给出了解决MJ外螺纹与M内螺纹能否配合问题的判定公式。