爆轰波穿越惰性气团时的透射激波参数分析

爆轰波穿越惰性气团再进入可燃混合气体时,透射激波的参数主要受到三个基本过程的影响:头激波两次穿越惰性气团与可燃气体之间接触面导致的激波强度下降、放热反应中止、爆轰波后稀疏波对激波的衰减作用。放热反应中止是透射激波衰减的主要原因,不同种类的惰性气体对透射激波参数影响不大。     

钝体/阻流孔式气动阀工作机理及流阻特性研究

针对脉冲爆震发动机的工作特点构思了一种钝体-阻流孔式气动阀,对该气动阀的工作机理进行了分析,通过二维数值方法初步研究了该气动阀的流场分布情况及流阻特性.结果表明:该气动阀具有良好的单向性,出口压力为100kPa时,该气动阀在来流压力100kPa      

爆震频率对脉冲爆震发动机引射性能影响的实验

采用汽油为燃料,空气为氧化剂,对多循环脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)加圆直形引射器的增推性能进行了实验研究.实验采用力传感器法对爆震发动机加引射器前后不同爆震频率以及不同引射器长度下的平均推力进行了测量.结果表明:脉冲爆震发动机非稳态引射器可以提高系统的平均推力,当爆震频率为2Hz时平均推力增益最大,可达64.4%.在一定频率下,对直径一定的圆直管引射器存在着一个最佳长径比4.8,此时对应推力增益性能最好.      

Seasonal variations in vertical distribution of meteor decay time as observed from meteor radars at 8.5°N and 80°N

The decay times of meteor radar echoes have been used for decades to investigate characteristics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. As the meteor echo decay time depends on background atmospheric parameters, in the present communication, we examine the seasonal variation of the vertical distributions of underdense meteor echo decay times with respect to echo strength. Observations from two similar radars located at two distinct geographical locations, Thumba (8.5°N, 77°E) and Eureka (80°N, 85.8°W) were used for the present study. Here, the radar received signal power is categorized into strong and weak echoes and vertical profiles of their decay times are constructed. It has been noticed that the monthly mean decay time vertical profile turning altitude (i.e., inflection point) varies in the range of 80–87?km of altitude depending on latitude. The turning altitude is observed at relatively lower heights in the winter than in summer at both the latitudes. The present analysis shows that the meteor decay time below the mean turning altitude follows a decreasing trend with decreasing altitude, which is quite distinct to the behaviour of ambipolar diffusion. It is also observed that there is a difference in mean decay time of strong and weak echoes below 90?km of altitude, which is very prominently seen at lower altitudes. This difference shows a seasonal pattern at high latitude, but does not show any seasonal variation at low latitude. The present results are discussed in light of current understanding of the meteor decay time.     

爆震室压力测量可靠性试验

为了提高脉冲爆震发动机(Pulse Detonation Engine,简称PDE)内爆震波压力测量值的可靠性,解决多循环PDE爆震室压力测量问题.通过动态压力测试系统,对单次爆震和多循环PDE爆震室内的压力进行测量.单循环爆震波压力测量的比较性试验研究发现:当主爆震室的旁支套管长度小于100mm左右,可以测到爆震波的峰值;当套管长度大于150mm左右时,火焰不能在旁支小管内传播,传感器测到的只是爆震波后的平台的压力.当通过冷却套管来测量多循环PDE爆震室压力时,采用较短长度的套管,可以得到爆震波压力.研究结果解决了多循环爆震波的压力测量问题.      

真实爆震载荷作用下爆震室等寿命设计方法

结合内径为60mm的等壁厚爆震室,建立其有限元模型并施加真实爆震载荷,确定其疲劳载荷谱类型为周期性常幅谱。通过有限元模型和静态载荷作用下的解析模型分析得出爆震室壁厚和动力放大系数之间的相互影响关系,壁厚通过动力放大系数对自身进行调整,该过程中内壁的等效应力最大值逼近目标应力,以此为基础提出爆震室等寿命设计方法。根据计算结果设计加工变壁厚爆震室试验段,通过试验测量变壁厚爆震室外壁3个测点的应变,并估算3个测点内壁处的疲劳寿命,发现3个疲劳寿命最大误差为8.82%,考虑到试验与数值计算的工况误差可认为3个测点处寿命相同,验证了爆震室等寿命设计方法的正确性。      

Design and optimization of supersonic turbines for detonation combustors

Detonation-based engines offer a potential surge in efficiency for compact thermal power systems. However, these cycles require ad-hoc components adapted to the high outlet velocity from the detonation combustors. This paper presents the design methodology of turbine stages suitable for supersonic inlet conditions and provides a detailed analysis of optimized turbine geometries. A reduced-order solver examines the supersonic blade rows’ functional design space, quantifies the turbine’s non-isent...     

2004年吸气式推进技术进展

2004年,吸气式推进技术取得了很大进展。有大量的民用发动机获得或接近获得FAA合格证．F135和F136联合攻击机发动机都进行了全尺寸的发动机地面台架试车,发动机技术计划继续取得成功,采用超燃冲压发动机的X-43在第2次和第3次飞行试验中成功验证了可控加速飞行,达到了M7和M10的飞行速度。     

模拟冲压进气条件对PDE推力测量影响

研究了射流模拟冲压进气条件下,气源喷口尺寸和气源压头对脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)地面台架试验推力测量的影响,分析地面台架试验中阻力和测量推力随模拟进气条件变化的规律。研究结果表明,PDE充填速度随气源压头或气源喷口尺寸的增加而增加;PDE阻力随气源压头的增加线性增加,随喷口尺寸增加而增加;喷口尺寸在78~105 mm内,PDE台架测量推力随喷口尺寸增加而增加。     

预混超声速气流斜激波诱导脱体爆轰研究

为了研究高静温预混超声速气流中爆轰的机理问题,利用自主设计的连续式加热器来产生马赫数为2.6,静温大于700 K的氢/空气预混超声速气流,并采用高速纹影技术来观测斜激波诱导脱体爆轰的直接起爆和发展的动态过程.研究表明,实验得到的起爆前斜激波和起爆后脱体爆轰波的角度与理论分析结果非常一致.并发现由激波诱导爆燃向激波诱导脱体爆轰的转变过程非常快;而且对于当前初温较高当量比较低的混合物,会出现爆轰波突然熄灭与重新起爆的现象.当前研究为爆轰燃烧在高超声速推进中的应用提供了重要参考.