亚声飞行Ma数变化对脉冲爆震发动机性能影响

采用经验数据和数值计算相结合的方法研究亚声飞行Ma数变化对带气动阀的脉冲爆震发动机(Pulsedetonation engine,简称PDE)的性能影响。分别计算了飞行Ma数在0.52,0.71,0.82和0.93时对PDE工作频率、推力和油耗的影响。计算表明当飞行Ma数从0.82增加到0.93时,频率上升11.1%,推力上升25.0%,油耗下降6.2%;而Ma数从0.82减小到0.52时,频率下降31.0%,推力下降43.6%,油耗增加14.8%。因此飞行Ma数变化对预估飞行器在亚声阶段的加速性能有较大的参考价值。     

增设收缩截面后的爆轰驱动激波管性能研究

为提高前向爆轰驱动激波风洞的性能，采用在驱动段靠近主膜处增设一个收缩喉道的方法，以此来产生较为均匀的驱动气源。实验结果表明此方法有效地削弱了爆轰波后Taylor稀疏波的影响。     

电离层中SEE现象的静电粒子模拟

利用网格粒子云（PIC）模型。在一定条件下，对电离层加热实验中静电波的激发和参量不稳定性的产生，作一维静电粒子模拟，模拟结果表明，SEE的特征与加热泵波频率ω0和电子回旋频率nωce之间的比值有关。入射泵波的电场与地磁场之间的夹角也是影响SEE的一个因素。     

A new vortex sheet model for simulating aircraft wake vortex evolution

A new vortex sheet model was proposed for simulating aircraft wake vortex evolution.Rather than beginning with a pair of counter-rotating cylindrical vortices as in the traditional models,a lift-drag method is used to initialize a vortex sheet so that the roll-up phase is taken into account.The results of this model report a better approximation to a real situation when compared to the measurement data.The roll-up induced structures are proved to influence the far-field decay.On one hand,they lead to an early decay in the diffusion phase.On the other hand,the growth of linear instability such as elliptical instability is suppressed,resulting in a slower decay in the rapid decay phase.This work provides a simple and practicable model for simulating wake vortex evolu tion,which combines the roll-up process and the far-field phase in simulation.It is also proved that the roll-up phase should not be ignored when simulating the far-field evolution of an aircraft wake vortex pair,which indicates the necessity of this new model.     

Study of correlations between waves and particle fluxes measured on board the DEMETER satellite

The topic of relativistic electron dynamics in the outer radiation belt has received considerable attention for many years. Nevertheless, the problem of understanding the physical phenomenon involved is far from being resolved. In this paper, we use DEMETER observations to examine the variations of the energetic electron fluxes and ELF/VLF wave intensities in the inner magnetosphere during the intense 8 November 2004 magnetic storm. Electron flux spectra and associated wave intensity spectra are analysed throughout the magnetic storm and common characteristics or differences to other storm events are retained. The overall objective of this study is to identify and derive parameters that are relevant for particle flux modelling; the time constant characterizing the persistent decay after particle enhancement was found to be one of these important model parameters.The analysis of the 8 November 2004 event reveals that for L-shell parameter higher than 4, an electron flux dropout is observed during the storm’s main phase for electrons in the energy range 0.1–1 MeV, as has been reported from other measurements. Characteristic wave spectra accompanying this phase are analysed. They show a typical enhancement in the frequency range 0.3–10 kHz at onset for all L-shell values under consideration (2 < L < 5). During the first stage of the recovery phase, the electron fluxes are increased to a level higher than the pre-storm level, whereas the level of wave intensity in the frequency range observed below 300 Hz is at its highest. In the second stage, the particle flux decrease goes hand in hand with a global wave activity decline, the relaxation time of the latter being smaller than the former’s one. In some other cases, long-lasting electron enhancement associated with constant wave activity has been observed during this latter stage. For the above mentioned storm, while at low L values the decay time constants are higher for low energy electrons than for high energy electrons, this order is reversed at high L values. At about L = 3.6 the time constant is independent of electron energy.     

预混气爆震波在不同直径管间的传播特性

在管径20mm与60mm的两管间研究了预混气爆震波的传播特性,着重测量了爆震波传递过程中的压力与速度变化,并分析了预混气压力、浓度、当量比以及连接段尺寸等参数对爆震波传播的影响与规律。研究发现:小管中没有爆震时大管中仍然可以出现爆震波,小张角的连接段对爆震波的再触发有利,再触发后的爆震波其压力、速度受到预混气压力、浓度及当量比等参数的影响。      

特征线法在脉冲爆震发动机性能计算中的应用

在x-t平面建立爆震波在爆震室内传播过程的物理模型,应用特征线算法对脉冲爆震发动机(PDE)一维非定常流进行了数值计算,在此基础上给出了脉冲爆震发动机的性能参数的计算方法。并举算例进行了计算和分析,结果表明应用特征线算法计算PDE性能是可行而且准确的。      

圆环片扰流器对爆震燃烧特性的影响

在飞行状态下成功实行液态燃料的连续爆震在工程上有较大的难度。通过在爆震管内安装扰流器促进爆震波的形成,并针对不同扰流器结构参数对管内爆震燃烧压力和火焰传播速度的影响开展了实验研究,获得了爆震燃烧特性随扰流器长度、间距和起始位置的变化规律。结果表明:燃烧波峰值压力和火焰传播速度随扰流器片数、间距的增加和起始位置的变大而增大;当在管内产生爆震波后(爆震波峰值压力大于1.4M Pa,火焰传播速度>1 000 m/s),燃烧波压力和火焰传播速度随上述参数的改变变化不大。      

脉冲风洞中新型自由天平探索

为解决常规天平在高焓高超声速脉冲风洞中测得信号无法识别、无法提取的问题,提出了一种全新的自由型天平,并设计了两种不同方案(分自由度自由型三分力天平和整体自由型三分力天平)。实验表明这种加速度测力是可行的,并能很好地解决传统天平遇到的问题。     

采用压降检漏法对大型密封容器检漏时的"升压"现象分析

文章首先介绍了压降检漏法的原理,并针对该方法在检测大型密封容器过程中出现的"升压"问题,通过压降检漏法与非真空收集器检漏法的对比试验及理论分析,得出产生该现象的原因是由于被检系统的真实漏率小于压降检漏法的灵敏度而引起的.在检测周期允许的前提下,可通过延长保压时间满足检测要求.