燃油初温对两相爆震性能影响的实验研究

为研究燃油初温对两相爆震性能的影响,在24mm内径爆震管中,以30~200℃的不同初温煤油为燃料,氧气为氧化剂,成功进行了10Hz的两相爆震实验。实验发现,随着燃油初温的升高,火焰锋面的稳态传播速度逐渐增大,爆震燃烧的稳定性逐渐提升,两相爆震峰值压力增大,起爆距离缩短。此外对不同燃油初温下的爆震燃烧尾焰观测表明,油温升高后,非稳态排气总压增大,发动机可获取的推力增大。     

连续旋转爆震波与涡轮静子叶栅相互作用数值研究

为了研究旋转爆震燃烧与涡轮部件组合的工作特性,对旋转爆震波与涡轮静子叶栅的相互作用过程进行了数值模拟,考虑了不同传播方向的影响,详细分析了爆震波与涡轮叶栅相互作用机理。结果表明,爆震波顺着叶盆方向传播时,在叶栅的叶盆处出现高温区,逆向传播时,同时在叶盆和叶背处都出现高温区;并且顺向传播时产生的反射波强度更大。分析了涡轮进出口压力和温度的变化过程,发现涡轮对压力的波动有一定抑制作用,顺向和逆向传播的爆震波经过涡轮叶栅后压力变化幅值分别下降了68%和57%。得到了对于当前叶栅构型,顺向传播的爆震波总压损失为11.03%,而逆向传播的爆震波总压损失为6.7%。     

旋转爆震发动机喷管非定常流动特性的数值模拟研究

为分析旋转爆震喷管内非定常流动特性,基于特征线方法和旋转爆震燃烧室出口时均参数设计了一种塞式喷管模型,通过改变塞锥式喷管的进出口压比π(π=15,30,45),分析了喷管内非定常流场结构与喷管工作性能之间的相互关系,并探究了喷管进出口压比变化对喷管工作性能的影响.研究结果表明:旋转爆震燃烧室下游斜激波进入喷管后,在喷管...     

脉冲爆震发动机喷管实验研究

在直管脉冲爆震发动机上安装不同类型的喷管,利用推力传感器测量了不同频率下发动机的瞬态推力和平均推力.结果表明:台架对瞬态推力的测量结果具有明显影响,推力峰值明显落后于推力壁压力峰值,而且随频率的变化推力峰值的大小发生明显的变化;发动机平均推力随频率的增加呈非线性递增,与没有喷管的发动机平均推力相比,收敛引射组合喷管增推比最高,其次是收敛喷管,扩张喷管在较低的工作频率下能够增推,但是在较高的频率下扩张喷管会产生较明显的负推力.收敛喷管在高频工作时增推比有所下降.引射喷管位于发动机出口截面下游-0.3~1倍发动机出口直径的范围内具有较高的增推效果.     

Acceleration of DDT by non-thermal plasma in a single-trial detonation tube

This paper compares the flame acceleration in single-trial dual-detonation tubes triggered by a spark plug and non-thermal plasma igniter. The low-temperature plasma was generated by an in-house novel AC-driven dielectric barrier discharge igniter, which reduces the power supply requirements and was applied in the quiescent ignition of a single-trial detonation tube. Three different types of detonation mixtures were tested with flame propagation tracked by ion probes and pressure waves recorded by high-frequency pressure transducers. The flame propagation speeds were calculated and compared based on signals from the ion probes. The detonation combustion succeeded in the dual tubes, but the deflagration-to-detonation transition could be significantly accelerated by the plasma for all mixtures, as it was shortened by more than 50% compared to that of the spark plug. The present study provides a suitable technological approach for igniters of PDEs.     

Standing window of oblique detonation with pathological behaviour

Standing of an Oblique Detonation Wave (ODW) on a wedge within combustor is the prerequisite of thrust generation for ODW engine which is regarded as a novel and conceptual propulsion device with hypersonic flight Mach number. Usually a standing window of ODW is defined as the wedge angle ranged from the ODW detached angle from wedge (upper limit) to the angle that a Chapman-Jouguet (CJ) detonation occurs (lower limit). For pathological detonation cases, however, the CJ detonation cannot be achieved, and thus the lower limit of the standing window of ODW should be revisited. In present study, two types of reactions in hypersonic incoming flow that include the behavior of pathological detonation, that is, the single-step irreversible reaction with mole variation and the two-step irreversible reactions with exothermic process followed by endothermic process, have been used for studying standing behavior of ODW. The steady detonation polar analysis of ODW is carried out for both reaction systems. The results reveal that the reaction with more mole decrement and the reactions with stronger endothermic process show the pathological detonation feature and therefore modify the lower limit of standing window of ODW. Three equivalent parameters are proposed to quantitatively measure the standing window range of ODW from points of view of thermodynamics, Mach number of incoming flow and heat effect of reactions. It is found that the standing window of ODW is determined by the specific heat ratio, the overdrive degree of detonation and the endothermic level of the hypersonic incoming flow, regardless of whether the detonation is pathological or not.     

爆震室长度对反传影响的数值研究

 对吸气式脉冲爆震发动机(APDE)的反传进行了数值研究,分析了反传的形成及传播特性,得到了爆震室长度对反传的影响。结果表明:反压能够影响整个进气道,缩短爆震室长度有利于降低反压强度。要使反压强度大幅下降,爆震室长度需要大幅缩短。爆震室长度较长时,增长爆震室长度对反压强度影响不大,但会延长进气道的泄压时间。反压会造成进气道内流动反向,反流速度随着爆震室长度增长而增大,爆震室较短时这个趋势更加明显。反传燃气的影响区域明显小于反传压力,当爆震室长度缩短到一定程度时,燃气不会传入进气道。爆震室长度较长时,爆震室上游与进气道下游之间的流道内会出现燃气分布不连续的现象。     

基于旋转阀的脉冲爆震火箭发动机实验

针对现有条件下电磁阀高频与大流量不可兼得的矛盾,设计了一种凸轮式旋转阀,以此来控制脉冲爆震火箭发动机氧化剂、燃料和隔离气体的间歇式供给.基于该旋转阀,以汽油和富氧空气为推进剂,进行了不同频率下的实验.实验结果表明,推进剂和隔离气供给压力与点火相位直接影响到能否稳定起爆.随着频率的增加,在1～ 10 Hz范围内,降低隔离氮气压力、调整点火相位可实现发动机的稳定工作;10Hz以上时,仅需要提高油气的供给压力.基于该旋转阀控制技术,脉冲爆震火箭发动机实现了工作频率30 Hz的稳定工作.     

超声速斜爆震发动机起爆过程研究综述

对超声速斜爆震发动机的起爆方式进行了比较分析,对起爆发展和稳定特性的研究历程和发展现状进行了综述,对相关的研究方法和技术进行了概括,提出了利用先进光学测量技术,结合激光诱导荧光技术对超声速斜爆震发动机起爆过程进行实验研究的设想。     

多管脉冲爆震发动机压力反传特性试验与数值研究

为了研究多管脉冲爆震发动机的压力反传特性,采用数值模拟和试验相结合的方法对四管爆震室的压力反传特性进行研究,测量了四管爆震室同时点火和分时点火这两种工作模式下的压力反传规律,利用数值模拟对四管爆震室共用进气道进行研究,分析了共用进气道长度以及在共用进气道内加装分流板对压力反传的影响。试验结果表明,四管爆震室同时工作时,共用进气道产生一道很强的压力扰动波,其峰值压力接近0.12MPa;四管爆震室分时工作时,共用进气道在一个循环内出现四次压力扰动,但扰动波的峰值压力较小。数值模拟的结果表明,在两种工作模式下,爆震室产生的反传压力使发动机入口产生高速倒流,四管分时工作时倒流的速度较小。随着共用进气道的长度增大,反传压力的峰值降低,但发动机入口处仍然存在倒流现象,倒流的速度随着共用进气道的长度增大而减小。共用进气道内加装分流板对反传压力的峰值并没有削弱作用。