Estimation of GPS instrumental biases from small scale network

With 4 GPS receivers located in the equatorial anomaly region in southeast China, this paper proposes a grid-based algorithm to determine the GPS satellites and receivers biases, and at the same time to derive the total electron content (TEC) with time resolution of 15 min and spatial resolution of 1° by 3.5° in latitude and longitude. By assuming that the TEC is identical at any point within a given grid block and the biases do not vary within a day, the algorithm arranges unknown biases and TECs with slant path TEC from the 4 receivers’ observations into a set of equations. Then the instrumental biases and the TECs are determined by using the least squares fitting technique. The performance of the method is examined by applying it to the GPS receiver chain observations selected from 16 geomagnetically quiet days in four seasons of 2006. It is found that the fitting agrees with the data very well, with goodness of fit ranging from 0.452 TECU to 1.914 TECU. Having a mean of 0.9 ns, the standard deviations for most of the GPS satellite biases are less than 1.0 ns for the 16 days. The GPS receiver biases are more stable than that of the GPS satellites. The standard deviation in the 4 receiver bias is from 0.370 ns to 0.855 ns, with a mean of 0.5 ns. Moreover, the instrumental biases are highly correlated with those derived from CODE and JPL with independent methods. The typical precision of the derived TEC is 5 TECU by a conservative estimation. These results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid and qualified for small scale GPS network.     

基于轮询的高级在轨系统多路复用包时延分析

目前的高级在轨系统(AOS,Advanced Orbiting Systems)多路复用研究主要以仿真为主,很少有文献给出专门的理论分析.针对基于轮询的AOS多路复用包时延进行研究,通过采用排队论中非空竭限量服务的休假排队系统建立模型,并采用循环再生法进行分析,得到了多路复用包时延计算公式,并给出包时延的下限值.仿真结果表明,在包到达率取值分别为1,2,3包/s,在各种不同的下行速率(范围240~330 bit/s)之下,包时延的仿真值曲线均高于理论下限值曲线,从而论证了理论推导的正确性.研究结果可以为工程设计提供一定的参考作用.     

天气因素导致的航班延误问题研究

针对天气干扰下的分季节的航班过站衔接时间优化问题,在对各个航班的潜在延误风险等级评价的基础上,通过历史数据研究天气因素导致的航班延误概率分布,求得各航班波及延误的期望,以优化前后总的波及延误之差最大化为目标函数,分别建立分季节优化松约束模型和紧约束模型,对航班衔接过站时间进行优化.最后以国内某航空公司的航班数据为算例,进行验证并比较.研究结果表明,分季节的松约束模型和紧约束模型均比原计划减少了波及延误的时间,且松约束模型的优化效果更明显.     

地下结构模型试验的光学激波管

光学激波管是进行抗爆结构试验研究的一种新型动载设备,它除具有常规激波管的通过电测手段测试试验结构物上一点或多点的应力、应变、速度等力学参数外,其突出的特点是通过光测手段能够拍摄试验结构物在冲击波动压作用下连续变化的过程和被破坏形态的清晰物理图像,进行地下结构的抗爆研究。本文较详细地介绍了用于地下结构抗爆试验研究用的光学激波管设备的构造和测试手段以及设备调试和应用试验的情况,最后还公布了用该设备拍摄到的激波进入通道后波后新物理现象的彩色波动照片及用该设备做的部分试验研究成果。     

氢致Ⅰ型裂纹扩展的位错塞积群模型

本文利用位错理论和夹杂理论研究了Ⅰ型裂纹前方的位错塞积群和氢气团以及它们之间的交互作用，求得了塞积群的位借密度、应力集中系数和裂纹扩展速率。所得结果表明，氢气团促进裂纹尖端位猪源开动，即促进滞后塑性变形，提高塞积群的应力集中系数，引起材料脆化，促进微裂纹核形成。     

理论门槛值的研究

阐述了应力强度因子门槛值△Ｋｔｈ的重要性，讨论了理论门槛值的概念，分析了工程门槛值的局限性，提出了理论槛值的求解方法，实例分析显示了理论门槛值研究，无论对于工程应用或理论研究均具有重要意义。     

同时性问题研究(一)

本文对狭义相对论同时性的相对性观点进行了分析，并提出狭义相对论在同时性的相对性问题的分析上有逻辑上的错误。关于同时性问题，文中提出了一个不同于相对论的观点，并与相对论的观点进行了比较。自1887年沃依格特（Voigt）给出了洛伦兹变换式，该变换式在近代物理学上起着重要作用，相对论在数学上就是以该变换式为基础的。但是，100多年来还无人对它作出物理解释，本文对洛伦兹变换式作出了明确的物理解释，并得出了在同一惯性参考系内，与一个事件相联系的静止点与运动点之间以洛伦兹变换式相联系的重要结论。它与相对论将洛伦兹变换作为两个作相对运动的惯性坐标系间事件的坐标变换式有重大区别。     

随机疲劳裂纹扩展及动态可靠性分析

在确定性袭纹扩展模型的基础上，建立了疲劳裂纹扩展的随机模型。考虑裂纹扩展引起的强度衰减，建立了实用的动态可靠性分析模型。     

基于ABAQUS的渐开线齿轮齿根裂纹扩展仿真

齿轮在传动过程中经常发生断裂,严重影响了齿轮的使用。本文研究了齿轮齿根裂纹扩展特性,为齿轮安全设计打下基础。通过Pro/E参数化建模建立一对啮合渐开线齿轮,加载一定载荷后通过分析得到最大应力区域、假定裂纹源头和初始裂纹方向;在应力强度因子的计算过程中,从线弹性断裂力学角度出发,应用ABAQUS软件计算得到裂纹尖端应力强度因子;根据最大周向应力法,计算了裂纹失稳后的扩展角,并在ABAQUS中分步模拟了裂纹的扩展趋势;当kI值发生突变后,裂纹迅速扩展以致轮齿断裂。     

A Novel Onboard-gateway-based Mechanism to Improve TCP Performance in Aeronautical Satellite Networks

The IP-based networks on aircraft serve to support Internet services via satellites. However, in aeronautical satellite hybrid net- works,the TCP protocol performance often deteriorates due to improper decreases and slow recovery of the congestion window. This paper proposes a window size determination and notification mechanism, onboard-gateway-based mechanism (OGBM), which is based on the onboard gateway in the networks on aircraft. A cross-layer approach is adopted by the onboard gateway to obtain the satellite link bandwidth information. And then, by the gateway, through changing the receiver’s advertised window field in ACK packets, TCP sources are notified of the window size of each TCP source calculated on the ground of bandwidth delay product and flow numbers. The mechanism is able to avoid improper changes of TCP window and serve multiple users. Simulation results show that the mechanism with the fairness index close to 1 improves TCP performance in aeronautical satellite networks.